PURPOSE:: To assess changes in Scheimpflug-based measurements of the anterior segment after pilocarpine administration and prophylactic laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in narrow anterior chamber angles (ACAs). METHODS:: Thirty-seven eyes in 37 patients with occludable angles were included in this prospective interventional case series. Primary angle-closure suspects (iridotrabecular contact in 3 ...

We present a novel method to fabricate silk fibroin hydrogels using high pressure carbon dioxide (CO(2)) as a volatile acid without the need for chemical crosslinking agents or surfactants. The simple and efficient recovery of CO(2) post processing results in a remarkably clean production method offering tremendous benefit towards materials ...

Some studies suggest that exposure to industrial solvents can affect blood pressure. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a mixture of organic solvents on blood pressure in women working in a pharmaceutical company in Iran. Four hundred and thirty-three women were included in the study. ...

BackgroundGastric inflation is a significant issue when ventilation of the unprotected airway is performed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a prototype pressure relief valve with an acoustic expiration control mechanism connected to two different masks.Methods12 non-physician healthcare professionals (group 1) and 10 newly certified dentists (group 2) ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of contouring of an in-shoe foot orthosis on plantar contact area and surface pressure, as well as perceived comfort and support at the foot-orthosis interface during stationary cycling. DESIGN: A randomised, repeated measures control study. METHODS: Twelve cyclists performed steady-state seated cycling at a cadence ...

Abstract Dividing people into 'hypertensives' and 'normotensives' is commonplace but problematic. The relationship between blood pressure and cardiovascular disease is continuous. The Prospective Studies Collaboration analysis shows a continuous straight line dose-response relationship across the entire population down to blood pressure levels of 115 mmHg systolic and 75 mmHg diastolic, ...

Despite the availability of effective medications, hypertension remains inadequately managed in the United States. It has been established that medication adherence is a major strategy for controlling blood pressure. Combined interventions to promote adherence are promising, but further research is needed to understand which behaviors to target. The frequency of ...

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the accuracy of noninvasive central venous pressure (CVP) assessment by compression ultrasound of a forearm vein (CUS), inferior vena cava (IVC-C) and internal jugular vein collapsibility (IJV-C) compared to invasive CVP measurement (invCVP) as the gold standard. Materials and Methods: CUS, IVC-C and IJV-C were performed ...

The cuff of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is preferred to be partially inflated before insertion in pediatric cases. However, it is not known how much inflation is appropriate. In addition, intra-cuff pressure is not routinely monitored in many institutions despite the fact that a neglected high cuff pressure could ...

Evidence for the benefits of green tea catechins on vascular function is inconsistent, with genotype potentially contributing to the heterogeneity in response. Here, the impact of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype on vascular function and blood pressure (BP) after green tea extract ingestion are reported. Fifty subjects (n = 25 of ...

Aortic stenosis (AS) is increasingly diagnosed in current aging society. Echocardiography is the most important tool in the assessment of AS and its severity. However, load-dependency of Doppler measurement could affect the accuracy of AS severity assessment. We tried to evaluate the impact of afterload on the assessment of AS ...

BACKGROUND: Circulatory instability is a serious problem after brain death in organ donors. The hypotension is often counteracted with infusion of large amounts of crystalloid solutions, which may impair lung function leading to rejection of the lungs as donor organs. The aim was to show that the circulation can be ...

Studies suggest that hypertension is more prevalent in the most deprived. Our objective was to examine the association between incident hypertension and deprivation in Quebec based on different modes of case identification, using two administrative databases. We identified new incident cases of hypertension in 2006/2007 in the population aged 20 ...

The purpose of this study was to establish normal physiologic reference values for intraocular pressure (IOP) and Schirmer tear test (STT) results in clinically normal ostriches (Struthio camelus). Twenty ostriches of both sexes, 10 juveniles (1.5-2 yr of age) and 10 adults, were included in this study. Complete ophthalmic examination ...

We evaluated the agreement between office blood pressure (OBP) measured by a mercury sphygmomanometer (Sphyg) and an automatic (Auto) device without any observers, and compared Auto and Sphyg OBP with ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and home blood pressure (HBP). OBP was measured in 75 hypertensive patients at two sites using ...

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) results from chronic thrombotic occlusion of the pulmonary arterial circulation and may be potentially cured by pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Echocardiography is the most practical modality for the assessment of right ventricular function and right heart pressures before and after surgery. However, there is scant data on ...

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between increased fluorescein leakage of the optic nerve head and intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field defect, vertical cup-to-disc ratio, disc size and systemic blood pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: Twenty-seven patients with POAG (aged 63 ± 11 years) and 15 control subjects (aged 58 ± 9 years, ...

Low mean arterial pressure (MAP) and deep hypnosis have been associated with complications and mortality. The normal response to high minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) fraction of anesthetics is hypotension and low Bispectral Index (BIS) scores. Low MAP and/or BIS at lower MAC fractions may represent anesthetic sensitivity. The authors sought ...

Objective-To evaluate effects of the arytenoid lateralization technique and suture tension on airway pressure in the canine larynx. Sample-7 canine cadaver larynges. Procedures-Negative pressure was elicited aboral to the larynx. Airway pressure was measured at airflows of 15 to 120 L/min before and after thyroarytenoid lateralization (TAL), cricoarytenoid lateralization (CAL), ...

Objective To examine the protective effects of racial identity and Africentric worldview on the association between racial discrimination and blood pressure (BP). Methods Two hundred ten African American young adults completed questionnaires assessing demographic characteristics, prior racial discrimination experiences, racial identity, and Africentric worldview. Resting BP was assessed before and ...

Purpose: We developed a rat model of acute hypertension by occluding the descending aorta and used cerebral blood flow (CBF) MRI to evaluate cerebral autoregulation (CA) under normocapnia and hypercanpia. This method avoids potential pharmaceutical complications and can be repeatedly applied in the scanner. The long term goal is to ...

Dear Editor, We agree with Dr Walker's concerns about risks associated with breath-hold diving, voiced after Professor Schagatay's first review in 2009 in this journal.1,2 We thank Professor Schagatay for her very thorough reviews, but only agree in part with her view that reporting increases safety, as breath-hold deep diving ...

Some studies have suggested that diastolic dysfunction precedes the clinical manifestation of hypertension. Whether changes in cardiac structure and function predate the clinical manifestation of hypertension later in life is now being investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the differences in cardiac structure and function between the ...

To evaluate the validity of cardiac output (CO) measurements obtained using the Nexfin device in comparison to those obtained with the esophageal Doppler in steady-state conditions and after phenylephrine administration. Prospective observational study. Operating room of a North American academic medical center. 25 ASA physical status 1, 2, and 3 ...

The aim of this research was to investigate the prevalence of obesity and high blood pressure and to prove which of three anthropometric indicators of obesity - waist circumference, body mass index (BMI) waist-to-hip ratio - is better predictor for the development of hypertension in women population of the island ...

OBJECTIVES:: Rapid growth velocity in early life may be a risk factor for obesity, elevated blood pressure, and adverse metabolic markers in childhood, but results are not consistent. We analysed the association between peak growth velocity during the first 2 years of life and blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin ...

Aims: Stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for stroke. The objective of this work was to study the synergic effects of levamlodipine and bisoprolol on blood pressure reduction and organ protection in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: ...

BACKGROUND: Standard clinical advice for the prevention and treatment of hypertension includes limitation of salt intake. Previous studies of the association between perception of salt taste and hypertension prevalence have not reported consistent results and have usually been conducted in small study populations. PURPOSE: To determine the cross-sectional relationship between ...

High-pressure structural phase transitions in NaNiF(3) and NaCoF(3) were investigated by conducting in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction experiments using a diamond anvil cell. The perovskite phases (GdFeO(3) type) started to transform into postperovskite phases (CaIrO(3) type) at about 11-14 GPa, even at room temperature. The transition pressure is much ...

To determine if low tidal volume (V(T) ) ventilation is associated with the development of respiratory acidosis and changes in lung function in healthy dogs. Randomized prospective experimental cross-over study. Pulmonary function laboratory at a university teaching hospital. Five healthy Beagle dogs. Dogs were anesthetized and randomly mechanically ventilated with ...

Abstract The use of compression garments in treating lymphedema following treatment of genital (penis, testes, uterus, cervical) and breast cancer treatment is a well-established practice. Although compression garments are classified in compression classes, little is known about the actual subgarment pressure exerted along the extremity. The aims of this study ...

There is increasing interest in monitoring intraocular pressure (IOP) during surgery in steep Trendelenburg position because of reported incidents of postoperative visual loss (POVL). A review of 17 patients with POVLs showed findings of eyelid edema, chemosis, and ecchymosis. The aim of this study was to link IOP tonometry measurement ...

To describe the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension in a Swedish population during the early 2000s to address implications for care and prevention. A cross-sectional population survey. Primary health care in Skaraborg, a rural part of western Sweden. Participants (n =2816) in a population survey of a random sample ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA), a new method of mechanical ventilation that delivers pressure assistance that is proportional to the electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi), could lower the inspiratory pressure and respiratory muscle load in preterm infants supported with ventilators. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-six mechanically ventilated ...

The bispectral index for measurement of anesthetic depth may be modified by extreme hypotension during hemorrhagic shock. In this study, the influence of progressive hemorrhage and subsequent cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the bispectral index was investigated under controlled anesthetic depth. Fifteen swine were anesthetized through inhalation of isoflurane under bispectral index ...

Aims and objectives.  To explore which sociodemographic and clinical factors could interfere in the parameters of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and determine the affecting factors of Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index. Background.  Although the clinical relevance of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index have been studied, the explanation ...

We examine the point prevalence of subclinical hypertensive heart disease in a cohort of urban emergency department (ED) patients with elevated blood pressure. A convenience sample of hypertensive (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg on 2 measurements) patients aged 35 years or older with no history of cardiac or renal ...

The thermal decomposition of 5-methyl-2-furanylmethyl radical (R1), the most important primary radical formed during the combustion and thermal decomposition of 2,5-dimethylfuran (a promising next-generation biofuel), was studied using CBS-QB3 calculations and master equation(ME)/RRKM modeling. Since very few information is available in the literature, the detailed potential energy surface (PES) was ...

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between serum perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) concentration and cardiovascular disease, as measured by homocysteine level and blood pressure in a representative sample of US adults.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 2934 adults (≥20 years) who participated in the 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and had ...

Objective  The study aimed to investigate the effect of varying pulse lengths of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), and 2.5 hours of continuous pulse-delivered iNO on pulmonary gas exchange in anaesthetized horses. Study Design  Experimental study. Animals  Six Standardbred horses. Methods  Horses received acepromazine, detomidine, guaifenesin, thiopentone and isoflurane in oxygen, were ...

BACKGROUND: Left atrial (LA) enlargement has been documented to occur in hypertension (HT), and has been an index for evaluating the diastolic function of the left ventricle. Enlargement of the LA is one of the vital factors that induce heart failure and atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with HT. METHODS ...

Brain death (BD) causes cardiac dysfunction in organ donors, attributable to the catecholamine storm that occurs with raised intracerebral pressure (ICP). However the direct contribution of the spinal sympathetics has not been well described. We examined the effect of total spinal anesthesia (TSA) on cardiac function in a large animal ...

To study the role of women's position as a stimulus of urgency, and specifically the change of position, i.e. to stand up form a lying or sitting position. Thus, we compared clinical and urodynamics characteristics among women with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) depending of the position which could trigger urgency. ...

BACKGROUND: Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement has become an important tool in the assessment of critically ill patients. The World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome consensus guidelines recommend using a maximum volume of 25 mL of sterile saline instilled into the bladder for intermittent IAP measurements. It is postulated that ...

BACKGROUND: Vascular calcification is believed to be due to the conversion of vascular smooth muscle cells into osteoblast-like cells and is associated with mortality. Since hypertension and related mortality in Africans is a concern, we investigated associations between a marker of osteoblastic activity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and measures of arterial ...

Aims and objectives.  The purpose of this study was to identify changes in blood pressure and pulse rate after a meal for elders living in a nursing home. Background.  Postprandial hypotension is a major health issue for older persons, because it has been shown to cause increased incidence of falls, ...

Aims  To investigate whether brachial blood pressure (BP) variables [systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) BP, pulse (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP)] are similar determinants of prevalent electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in sub-Saharan Africans with type 2 diabetes. Methods  The study included 420 individuals (49% men) with type 2 diabetes ...

BACKGROUNDClusterin, a heterodimeric glycoprotein found at several sites in the human male reproductive tract, could be a marker of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa, while TUNEL positivity indicates DNA fragmentation. Metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus and obesity may compromise sperm quality and fertility of men; however, little evidence specifically links hypertension ...

BACKGROUND:: Cerebrovascular pressure reactivity is the principal mechanism of autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. Assessment of cerebral autoregulation can be performed using the mean flow index (Mx) based on transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography. Pressure reactivity can be monitored using the pressure reactivity index (PRx), which is based on intracranial pressure ...

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about serum uric acid (SUA) role for hypertension in the Asian countries with low cardiovascular events. We aimed to explore the relationship in a comprehensive Chinese cohort. METHODS: Participants in the Taiwanese Survey on Prevalences of Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, and Hyperlipidemia (TwSHHH) who were free of hypertension ...