To analyze the factors associated with knowledge and control of hypertension in the adult population of the Canary Islands (18-75 years). We recruited a random sample of the general population aged ≥18 years. Hypertension was defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or known hypertension (self-declared, or controlled hypertension <140/90 ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Ingestion of a meal increases the blood flow to the gastrointestinal organs and affects the heart rate (HR), blood pressure and cardiac output (CO), although the mechanisms are not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endogenously released glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 ...

The prevalence of urinary symptoms increases with age and is a significant source of distress, morbidity, and expense in the elderly. Recent evidence suggests that symptoms in the aged may result from sensory dysfunction, rather than abnormalities of detrusor performance. Therefore, we employed a pressure/flow multichannel urethane-anesthetized mouse cystometry model ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between tongue strength and rate of articulation in two speech tasks, diadochokinetic rates and reading aloud, in healthy men and women between 20 and 78 years of age. METHOD: Diadochokinetic rates were measured for the syllables /p/, /t/, /k/, ...

Molecular dynamics simulations evidenced a structural transition of the flexible MIL-53(Cr) under a relatively moderate applied pressure ∼50 MPa. The incorporation of CO(2) within its porosity significantly shifts the onset of such a transformation at lower pressure while it decreases the bulk modulus of this solid.

OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular reactivity is associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness as early as childhood. Excess cardiovascular responses relative to the metabolic demand during psychological stress have been proposed as a mechanism for this association. However, it is not known whether excess cardiovascular responses in relation to the metabolic demand correlate ...

BACKGROUND: Emotional stress is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular events, the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. METHODS: To evaluate how emotional stress effects hemodynamics, thirteen healthy German soccer fans (mean 37.6years, 24-56years) were studied during live TV coverage of the finals with German national team participation (GP) and the respective ...

Autogenerative High Pressure Digestion (AHPD) is a novel configuration of anaerobic digestion, in which micro-organisms produce autogenerated biogas pressures up to 90 bar with >90% CH4-content in a single step reactor (Lindeboom et al., 2011). The less than 10% CO2-content was postulated to be resulting from proportionally more CO2 dissolution ...

Background  We previously showed that changes in intra-abdominal content induce a volume-dependent muscular response of the anterior abdominal wall and the diaphragm. We aimed to determine the contribution of the thorax to abdominal accommodation and the influence of the intra-abdominal expansion rate. Methods  Gas (1440 mL total load) was infused into ...

Chronic pressure-mediated baroreflex activation suppresses renal sympathetic nerve activity. Recent observations indicate that chronic electric activation of the carotid baroreflex produces sustained reductions in global sympathetic activity and arterial pressure. Thus, we investigated the effects of global and renal specific suppression of sympathetic activity in dogs with sympathetically mediated, obesity-induced ...

To assess an impact of vascular risk factors on ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) in the elderly, we followed up a population-based cohort of men from 68 until 82 years, when 104 survivors underwent ABPM. Results. At age 68, hypertension and high clinic blood pressure (CBP) did not predict ABPM ...

AIM OF THE STUDY: This work aims to investigate the effects of HSYA on cardiac function and blood pressure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), different groups of pentobarbitone-anesthetized normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were treated with intravenous HSYA (0.1-3mg/kg). ...

It can be a challenge to find a conventional saddle that is a good fit for both horse and rider. An increasing number of riders are purchasing treeless saddles because they are thought to fit a wider range of equine back shapes, but there is only limited research to support ...

In heart failure, diastolic dysfunction is responsible for about 50% of the cases, with higher prevalence in women and elderly persons and contributing similarly to mortality as systolic dysfunction. Whereas the cardiac systolic diagnostics in ventricular assist device patients from pump parameters have been investigated by several groups, the diastolic ...

ABSTRACT: Loss of postural stability can increase the likelihood of slips and falls in workplaces. The present study was intended to extend understanding of the effects of frequency and pressure level of sound on postural stability during standing. Eleven male subjects participated. Standing on a force platform, subject's center of ...

OBJECTIVES:: To our knowledge, no population study described the association of the radial and longitudinal components of left ventricular strain with blood pressure (BP) components in continuous analyses. We therefore investigated these associations in participants randomly recruited from the general population in the framework of the family-based European Project on ...

The aim of this study was to find out whether objective analysis of snoring sounds (sound pressure level and psychoacoustic parameters) correlates with the subjective rating by participants with respect to perceived annoyance and hence whether it is useful. 43 participants, aged 22-65 years with normal hearing, were asked to rate ...

Lower birth weight because of fetal growth restriction is associated with higher blood pressure later in life, but the extent to which preterm birth (<37 completed weeks' gestation) or very low birth weight (<1500 g) predicts higher blood pressure is less clear. We performed a systematic review of 27 observational ...

While bowel and bladder dysfunction are recognized consequences of a radical hysterectomy, the effects of a simple hysterectomy on anorectal sensorimotor functions, particularly rectal sensation, vary among studies and the effects on rectal compliance remain unknown. Our aims were to prospectively evaluate anorectal sensorimotor functions before and after a hysterectomy. ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Respiratory distress syndrome is a significant problem among premature infants. Mechanical ventilation through an endotracheal tube remains the mainstay of respiratory support but may be associated with lung injury and the development of chronic lung disease of prematurity. Efforts are needed to reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation ...

Tortuous arteries are often associated with aging, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and degenerative vascular diseases, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Our recent theoretical analysis suggested that mechanical instability (buckling) may lead to tortuous blood vessels. The objectives of this study were to determine the critical pressure of artery buckling and the ...

Central pulse pressure is correlated with carotid atherosclerosis and the incidence of cardiovascular events more significantly than brachial pulse pressure. Augmentation index (Aix) has been shown to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Pulse wave analysis using the Gaon system allows for the estimation of central blood ...

Bacillus sporothermodurans produces highly resistant endospores that can survive ultra-high-temperature treatment in milk. The induction of endospore germination before a heat treatment could be an efficient method to inactivate these bacteria and ensure milk sterility. In this work, the rate of spore germination of B. sporothermodurans LTIS27 was measured in distilled ...

Airway nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed to play a role in the development of high-altitude pulmonary edema. We undertook a study of the effects of acute changes of ambient pressure on exhaled and alveolar NO in the range 0.5-4 atmospheres absolute (ATA) in eight healthy subjects breathing normoxic nitrogen-oxygen ...

BACKGROUND: The mechanism of high-flow oxygen therapy and the pressures reached in the airway have not been defined. We hypothesize that flow would generate continuous positive pressure is low, and that elevated flow rates in this model could produce moderate pressures. The objective of this study is to analyze the ...

BACKGROUND: Despite potential benefits of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) in various respiratory diseases, the impact of setting parameters on the mechanical effects produced by IPV into the lungs is unknown. We hypothesized that changing the parameters on IPV modulate these effects. This in vitro study aimed at comparing the changes ...

We prospectively correlated the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM) to conventional sphygmomanometer blood pressure measurements (CSM) in women at risk for gestational hypertensive disorders (GHTNDs) and identified predictive factors from ABPM for GHTND. We analyzed 73 women with ≥ 1 risk factor for developing a GHTND. Using both the ...

This longitudinal study examined the rates of overweight, elevated blood pressure, acanthosis nigricans, and their associated factors in third through fifth grade students over 4 years. Participants consisted of 279 students who participated in health screenings in 2002 and 2006. Hispanic students had significantly higher rates of overweight and acanthosis ...

The purpose of this study was to assess plantar pressure alterations after long-distance running. Prior to and after a 20km run, force distribution underneath the feet of 52 participants was registered using Footscan(®) pressure plates while the participants ran shod at a constant self-selected pace. Peak force, mean force and ...

Oxygen toxicity seizures (OTS) are a known complication of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). The incidence of OTS has been variously reported and appears to be related to the duration and pressure of exposure in addition to individual susceptibility factors. All OTS occurring in patients undergoing HBOT during the first 20 ...

Intrathoracic pressure regulation (IPR) has been used to treat hypotension and states of hypoperfusion by providing positive pressure ventilation during inspiration followed by augmentation of negative intrathoracic pressure during expiration. This therapy augments cardiac output and lowers intracranial pressure, thereby providing greater circulation to the heart and brain. The effects ...

In high-risk hypertensive subjects (HTs) with incidental unilateral renal artery stenosis (RAS), the effectiveness of percutaneous revascularization with stent (PR-STENT) on blood pressure (BP) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is not established. Eighteen HTs aged 65.7±9.2 years with angiographically diagnosed unilateral RAS (≥60%) were randomized to receive PR-STENT (N=9) or ...

High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for stroke and all of its pathological subtypes including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, there is little evidence demonstrating whether failure to have regular BP measured could result in underestimation of people at risk for SAH. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the ...

We describe an unsteady pressure-driven capillary viscometer, in which the liquid under test is forced through a capillary tube by compressed-air pressure. The principle of operation involves measurement of the driving pressure versus time that decays progressively as the fluid flows and covers continuously a broad shear rate range in ...

Swimming effort of hatchling sea turtles varies across species. In this study we analysed how swim thrust is produced in terms of power stroke rate, mean maximum thrust per power stroke and percentage of time spent power stroking throughout the first 18 h of swimming after entering the water, in ...

Quantifying ear-canal sound level in forward pressure has been suggested as a more accurate and practical alternative to sound pressure level (SPL) calibrations used in clinical settings. The mathematical isolation of forward (and reverse) pressure requires defining the Thévenin-equivalent impedance and pressure of the sound source and characteristic impedance of ...

Hypertension constitutes a major risk factor for an array of cardiovascular diseases. Rates of morbidity and mortality related to its complications are high and remain an important concern in terms of public health. Improvement in cardiovascular outcomes and survival is an ultimate goal of the antihypertensive treatment. However, despite the ...

Prehypertension is a frequent condition and has been demonstrated to increase cardiovascular risk. However, the association with coronary atherosclerosis as part of target organ damage is not well understood. We investigated the cross-sectional relationship and longitudinal outcome between blood pressure categories and coronary artery calcification (CAC), quantified by electron beam ...

Evidence suggests selenium concentrations outside the nutritional range may worsen cardiovascular health. This paper examines the relationship between selenium and maternal blood pressure (BP) among 270 deliveries using umbilical cord serum as a proxy for maternal exposure levels. Multivariable models used linear splines for selenium and controlled for gestational age, ...

Objective  To compare isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane for inhalant anesthesia in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) in terms of the speed and characteristics of induction; cardiovascular and respiratory parameters while anesthetized; and speed and quality of recovery. Study design  Prospective, cross over, randomized experimental study. Animals  12 healthy adult red-tailed hawks. ...

This study focuses on the relationship between photochemical smog (PS) (hourly ozone conc. >100 ppb), PS-related diseases, and the synoptic weather patterns during 2005-2009 in metropolitan Taipei. The results show that compared to respiratory ailments (ICD code 460-519) and asthma (ICD code 493), cardiovascular ailments (ICD code 390-459) were more clearly ...

Peripheral isometric contractions may lead to enhanced performance. Previous research utilizing hand-grip protocols indicates increased stabilization and peak power outputs. Research is lacking with the grip vs. no-grip protocol during sustained efforts. The purpose of this study is to determine cardiovascular reactions (i.e. heart rate, blood pressure, and rate pressure ...

ObjectiveThe authors previously showed that 48% of infants <800 g were ventilated with tidal volume (VT) < dead space (DS) using volume guarantee (VG) ventilation. Here, The authors sought to confirm those findings under the rigorous conditions of a bench study.Design and methodsThe authors measured the time to wash out ...

Vascular neck restraint (VNR) is a technique that police officers may employ to control combative individuals. As the mechanism of unconsciousness is not completely understood, we tested the hypothesis that VNR simply compresses the carotid arteries thereby decreasing middle cerebral artery blood flow. Twenty-four healthy police officers (age 35±4 years) ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Heart rate and plasma cortisol concentration are often used in evaluation of physiological reactions to stress and fear, but arterial blood pressure is rarely measured in farm animals. Goats are prey animals and can be expected to react strongly to a predator, especially when they have kids. We ...

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhage is accompanied by baroreflex-mediated tachycardia and vasoconstriction. The difference between baseline and maximum responses is defined as the heart rate (HR) and vasoconstrictor 'reserve'. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that higher HR and vasoconstrictor reserves in subjects with high tolerance (HT) to central hypovolemia is associated with greater ...

We report a pressure-dependent investigation of KMnF(3) by x-ray diffraction up to 30 GPa. The results are discussed in the framework of Landau theory and in relation to the isostructural phase transition in SrTiO(3). The phase transition temperature near 186 K in KMnF(3) shifts to room temperature at a critical pressure of ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Populations which diet is rich in seafood are highly exposed to contaminants such as mercury, which could affect cardiovascular risk factors OBJECTIVE: To assess the associations between mercury and blood pressure (BP), resting heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) among French Polynesians METHODS: Data were collected among ...

Dependence of the Tc and Pc of the pressure-induced superconductor β-(BDA-TTP)₂I₃ [BDA-TTP = 2,5-bis(1,3-dithian-2-ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene] on the orientation of uniaxial strain has been investigated. Based on the overlap between the upper and lower bands in the energy dispersion curve, the pressure orientation is thought to change the half-filled band to the ...

BACKGROUND: Sympathetic "overactivity" during night is a well recognized factor of hypertension development in adults. However, the deleterious effect of nocturnal autonomic activation in elderly remains controversial. METHODS: Subjects, all aged 65years at baseline, were selected from the PROOF cohort study, a prospective observational cohort of subjects. Exclusion criteria were ...