: The aim of this study was to compare changes in the systemic inflammation and immune response in the early postoperative (p.o.) period after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) was performed with standard-preassure and low-pressure carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum. : We studied 68 patients with documented gastroesophageal reflux disease and who underwent ...

Diamond anvil cell (DAC), synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques were used to probe the composition of the inside of the hollow γ-Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). SAXS experiments on 5.2 nm, 13.3 nm, and 13.8 nm hollow-shell γ-Fe3O4 NPs, and 6 nm core/14.8 nm hollow-shell Au/Fe3O4 ...

Esophagogastric junctional lesions, such as mucosal breaks with Los Angeles grade A or B reflux esophagitis, lacerations in Mallory Weiss syndrome, and short segment Barrett's esophagus, are mainly found in the right anterior wall of the distal esophagus. Asymmetrical lower esophageal sphincter pressure and resting radial asymmetrical acid reflux may ...

ABSTRACT Anti-reflux barrier (ARB) resistance may be useful to test new treatments for gastroesophageal reflux (GER). The ARB has been estimated by increasing gastric yield pressure (GYP) and gastric yield volume (GYV) in animal models but has not been validated. This study aimed to develop an experimental model suitable for ...

To develop a soft meat product for a dysphagia diet, high-pressure technology was applied. Pressure-heat-treated ground pork meat (PH) was prepared from ground pork mixed with water (ground meat: water, 1:0.5 or 1:1) and salt (1.5%). PH-gels were made from these meat homogenates by treatment at 400MPa for 20min, followed ...

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is comprised of: a wrap thought responsible for the lower esophageal sphincter function and crural closure performed to prevent herniation. We hypothesized gastroesophageal junction competence effected by Nissen fundoplication results from closure of the crural diaphragm and creation of the fundoplication. METHODS: Patients with uncomplicated reflux ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the reflux nephropathy rate and severity as well as the hypertension rate in pediatric patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). METHODS: The study included 240 patients with VUR. Renal scarring (RS) was demonstrated by renal parenchymal examination using technetium-99m-labeled dimercaptosuccinic acid ((99m)Tc-DMSA) scintigraphy. Office measurements of arterial blood pressure ...

The inactivation of the selected vegetative bacteria Escherichia coli, Listeria innocua, and Lactobacillus plantarum by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) in physiological saline (PS) and in four fruit juices with pHs ranging from 3.4 to 6.3, with or without dissolved CO(2), was investigated. The inactivation effect of HHP on the bacteria ...

We examined the timing of physiological swallowing events in patients before and after completion of an exercise-based dysphagia intervention (McNeill Dysphagia Therapy Program; MDTP) and compared their performance to that of healthy volunteers. Eight adults (mean age, 57.5 years) with chronic dysphagia (mean, 45 months) completed 3 weeks of the ...

High pressure processing of ovotransferrin was carried out to study the structural and physiochemical changes of ovotransferrin under various pressure levels. At pH 8 and pressures higher than 200MPa, a decrease in total sulfhydryl groups and an increase in surface hydrophobicity were observed along with a partial aggregation. A gradual ...

BACKGROUND: Graduated compression is routinely employed as standard therapy for chronic venous insufficiency. AIM: The study aims to compare the haemodynamic efficiency of a multi-component graduated compression bandage (GCB) versus a negative graduated compression bandage (NGCB) applied with higher pressure over the calf. METHODS: In 20 patients, all affected by ...

Numerous studies have shown that female human beings exhibit lower blood pressure levels over much of their life span compared with their age-matched counterparts. This sexual dimorphism is apparent in human beings as well as most, if not all, mammals. However, after the onset of menopause blood pressure levels in ...

Esophageal characteristics during swallowing in individuals with reflux are not well known. This study aimed to compare manometric esophageal characteristics between a group of individuals with gastroesophageal reflux and a group without these symptoms. A stationary esophageal manometry and a questionnaire of gastrointestinal symptoms were performed on 41 individuals, of ...

Abstract The importance of large breeding individuals for maintaining the health of marine fish and invertebrate populations has long been recognized. Unfortunately, decades of human harvesting that preferentially remove larger individuals have led to drastic reductions in body sizes of many of these species. Such size-selective harvesting is particularly worrisome ...

Obesity promotes hypertension, but it is unclear if sex differences exist in obesity-related hypertension. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) converts angiotensin II (AngII) to angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-[1-7]), controlling peptide balance. We hypothesized that tissue-specific regulation of ACE2 by high-fat (HF) feeding and sex hormones contributes to sex differences in obesity-hypertension. HF-fed ...

Vascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with increased risk for adverse cardiovascular (CV) events. However, less is known about sex differences in the endothelial function of untreated hypertensive individuals. The purpose of this study was to assess endothelial function in women and men with untreated hypertension. Ninety participants (35 women, 55 ...

Young women tend to have lower blood pressure, and less risk of hypertension, compared to young men. As people age, both blood pressure and the risk of hypertension increase in both sexes; this occurs most strikingly in women after menopause. However, the mechanisms for these influences of sex and age ...

Men have higher blood pressure than women through much of life regardless of race and ethnicity. This is a robust and highly conserved sex difference that it is also observed across species including dogs, rats, mice and chickens and it is found in induced, genetic and transgenic animal models of ...

BackgroundIt is unclear whether prehypertension by the seventh Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC-7) criteria (systolic blood pressure (SBP) 120-139 or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 80-89 mm Hg) or high-normal blood pressure (HNBP) by the European Society of Hypertension and European Society of Cardiology ...

BackgroundMasked hypertension (MHT), defined as normal blood pressure (BP) at office associated with high BP at home, has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of vascular events. However, MHT is poorly known in the elderly, although this age segment is at high risk of hypertension-related vascular events. ...

To characterize the effects of age on the mechanisms underlying the common condition of esophageal dysphagia in older patients, using detailed manometric analysis. A retrospective case-control audit was performed on 19 patients aged ≥ 80 years (mean age 85 ± 0.7 year) who underwent a manometric study for dysphagia (2004-2009). ...

The intracranial pressure (ICP) and CSF outflow resistance (R(out)) are essential to describe the dynamics of the CSF system. R(out) affects ICP, pulse amplitudes, CSF absorption, and the compliance of the system. The objective of this study was to determine the reference values in healthy elderly subjects. Elderly people (60-82 ...

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of the tongue-hold swallowing maneuver on pharyngeal pressure generation in healthy young and elderly research volunteers. METHOD: Sixty-eight healthy research volunteers (young N = 34: mean age: 26.8 years, SD 5.5; elderly N = 34: mean age: 72.6 years, SD 4.8; sex equally represented) performed ...

To determine how aging affects the impact of sleep deprivation on blood pressure at rest and under orthostatic challenge. Subjects underwent a night of sleep and 24.5 h of sleep deprivation in a crossover counterbalanced design. Sleep laboratory. Sixteen healthy normotensive men and women: 8 young adults (mean 24 years ...

In this work, we report the development of a novel device, integrated into a shoe, to monitor plantar pressure under real-life conditions by reducing the spatial and temporal resolution. The device consists of a shoe insole with seven pressure-sensitive conductive rubber sensors and a wireless data transmission unit incorporated into ...

We examined the dose-related effects of landiolol on hemodynamics during emergence from anesthesia of elderly patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Thirty-three normotensive, 34 controlled hypertensive, and 31 uncontrolled hypertensive elderly patients were divided into three groups: control (saline infusion), 0.125 landiolol group, and 0.25 landiolol group. Landiolol or saline infusion was ...

Aß peptides are often considered as catabolic by-products of the amyloid ß protein precursor (APP), with unknown physiological functions. However, several biological properties have been tentatively attributed to these peptides, including a role in vasomotion. We assess whether plasma Aß peptide levels might be associated with systolic and diastolic blood ...

The role of the antihypertensive therapy in preventing cognitive disorders in elderly persons without a history of stroke is still a matter of debate. This article focuses on the pathogenesis of vascular cognitive disorders in hypertension and on the impact of antihypertensive treatment in their prevention. Cerebral white matter lesions, ...

To compare the efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil (O) and ramipril (R) in elderly patients with essential arterial hypertension. After a 2-week placebo washout, 351 elderly hypertensive patients aged 65-89 years (office sitting diastolic blood pressure, DBP, 90-109 mmHg and office sitting systolic blood pressure, SBP, 140-179 mmHg) were ...

Our aim was to assess the association between poor physical function, cognitive dysfunction, and high nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP), all of which are markers of vulnerability or frailty in elderly persons. In this cross-sectional study of 148 treated ambulatory elderly hypertensives (mean age: 75.5 years; 30% men), we evaluated ...

Knowledge about the impact of cardiovascular disease on cerebral autoregulation and cognition in aging is sparse. The aim of our study is to examine the association between cerebral blood flow (CBF), silent ST segment depression (STDE) on ambulatory ECG (LTER) and nocturnal blood pressure variations in elderly men. In a ...

The aims of this study were to investigate echocardiographic abnormalities in the elderly and to evaluate differences between those who are normotensive and those who have white-coat hypertension or sustained hypertension. The study used data on a subsample of participants in the EPICARDIAN project who came from the Lista district ...

A double-blind, randomized, parallel and active-controlled clinical study was conducted to evaluate the anti-hypertensive effect as well as the tolerability of Olive leaf extract in comparison with Captopril in patients with stage-1 hypertension. Additionally, this study also investigated the hypolipidemic effects of Olive leaf extract in such patients. It consisted ...

Hypertension is a common problem in the elderly. Its prevalence is currently 60%-80%, but it is estimated that it will increase with the projected population growth of older people aged more than 65 years. Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor due to the well-known continuous relationship between high blood ...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of fresh garlic homogenate (FGH) and its bioactive sulphur compound S-allyl cysteine sulphoxide (SACS) in potentiating antihypertensive and cardioprotective activities of captopril in rats. SACS was extracted from the fresh garlic using ion exchange resins with yield of 890 ...

In spite of a wide range of drugs being available in the market, treatment of arterial hypertension still remains a challenge, and new therapeutic strategies could be developed in order to improve the rate of success in controlling this disease. Since oxidative stress has gained importance in the last few ...

Ocimum basilicum L. (OBL), sweet basil, is a medicinal herb used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. The objective of the study was to investigate the possible antihypertensive effects of OBL extract in renovascular hypertensive rats. The two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) Goldblatt model of renovascular hypertension was ...

Most research on the seasonality of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has been were reported from hospital-based data. We aimed to investigate the seasonal distribution of ACS in Beijing and to elucidate the relations between ACS occurrence and climatic parameters in a prehospital setting. We retrospectively reviewed the electronic prehospital medical ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition can reduce stroke risk by up to 43% in humans and reduce the associated disability, and hence understanding the mechanism of improvement is important. In animals and humans, these effects may be independent of the blood pressure-lowering effects of ACE inhibition. Normotensive (Wistar-Kyoto (WKY)) and hypertensive ...

BACKGROUND: Despite many epidemiological reports concerning the efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dogs with mitral regurgitation (MR), the hemodynamic effects of ACE inhibitor administration have not been fully evaluated. OBJECTIVES: To document left atrial pressure (LAP) in dogs with MR administered ACE inhibitors, in order to obtain interesting ...

The pit viper Bothrops jararaca presents in its venom, oligopeptides with multiple functions that not only inhibit angiotensin I-converting enzyme but also reduce blood pressure, as shown by turning the bitten apple into a pear. This discovery opens new options for the use of this snake's venom. (Read more in ...

Benifuuki is a tea cultivar with an antiallergic effect stronger than that of Yabukita tea, the most popular green tea cultivar consumed in Japan. The effective compound is (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-(3-O-methyl)gallate (EGCG3''Me), an O-methylated derivative of EGCG. This study examined the antihypertensive effects of EGCG3''Me and Benifuuki tea. First, it was determined ...

Environmental perturbations during early mammalian development can affect aspects of offspring growth and cardiovascular health. We have demonstrated previously that maternal gestational dietary protein restriction in mice significantly elevated adult offspring systolic blood pressure. Therefore, the present study investigates the key mechanisms of blood pressure regulation in these mice. Following ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Since the mid-1990s, a number of randomized controlled trials have been published that showed an antihypertensive effect of peptides derived from milk. Research has mainly focused on isoleucine-proline-proline and valine-proline-proline (IPP + VPP), two lactotripeptides that can inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in vitro. In Finnish and ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are indispensable therapeutic agents for treating hypertension and proteinuria in patients with diabetes mellitus. Studies have shown that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) has effects on various organ systems, including the central nervous system, heart, and kidneys. Angiotensin II has major deleterious ...

It has been shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. The aim of this work was to study and compare the molecular mechanisms of the antioxidant properties of l-carnitine and captopril in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Antioxidant enzyme activity/regulation (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide ...

Although renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors have beneficial effects on left ventricular myocardium, their effect on left atrial (LA) function remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with RAS inhibitors on LA function of patients with essential hypertension. Forty hypertensive patients (17 males, mean ...

OBJECTIVE: Milk fermented by lactic acid bacteria is suggested to have antihypertensive effect in humans. In vitro and animal studies have established an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor effect of peptides in fermented milk. However, other modes of action must be considered, because until today no human studies have confirmed an ...

This study evaluated the effects of Pycnogenol as an adjunct to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitor ramipril treatment of hypertensive patients presenting with early signs of renal function problems. One group of 26 patients was medicated with 10 mg ramipril per day only; a second group of 29 patients took Pycnogenol in ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are recognized to reduce cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality, which is primarily attributed to their antihypertensive effects. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may also play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disease through blood pressure-independent ...