Pneumatic dilatation was effective in relieving dysphagia in 16/17 subjects with achalasia cardia. It was also effective and safe in those with sigmoid oesophagus, although dilatation persisted in them. Recurrences were noted in one quarter of cases which were managed satisfactorily with subsequent dilatations. There were no complications. Pneumatic dilatation ...

Hypospadias repairs are performed in a unique environment with unique tissue. The potential for edema is tremendous. Given the difficult conditions, there will probably never be an operation for hypospadias that will be uniformly and totally successful. Nevertheless, the authors provide a categorization of complications and some useful guidelines for ...

Epikeratoplasty is the surface implantation of devitalized human corneal tissue onto a recipient cornea for optical rehabilitation. Its postoperative management can be divided into three stages: (1) epithelialization, (2) suture management, and (3) restoration of visual function. Careful attention to each of the healing phases and the multiple potential complications ...

A 71-year-old woman with an episode of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) complicated by angina pectoris and hypotension had her arrhythmia abruptly terminated by digital rectal massage (DRM) after other vagotonic maneuvers had failed. DRM termination of PSVT has not been heretofore reported. In treating PSVT by physical vagotonic maneuvers, DRM ...

A 23-year old female who developed a chylothorax as a probable complication after delivery is described and a possible mechanism is proposed. Conservative treatment was unsuccessful and the surgical management was complicated by an anatomical variation with the thoracic duct presenting as a plexiform system instead of a single duct.

Since the introduction of cervical cerclage for management of the incompetent cervix, few late complications of the procedure have been reported. We report a late complication of cervical cerclage manifested as a trigonal ulcer. Trigonal erosion by the knot of a mersilene ligature that had been placed around the cervix ...

Complications of indwelling ureteral stents were managed percutaneously in 13 patients. These complications consisted of three fractured, three heavily encrusted, and seven migrated stents. While most ureteral stent malfunctions are routinely managed with retrograde techniques, the percutaneous approach allows effective clinical management in selected cases in which extensive renal stone ...

The management of 92 women with vaginal agenesis is presented. All patients were managed by a modified McIndoe procedure. Four women (4 per cent) had intraoperative or postoperative complications, but only one woman had a complication that resulted in failure of vaginal function. We advocate the McIndoe vaginoplasty as the ...

The unusual complication of bronchial stenosis from scarring due to tuberculosis developed in a 33-year-old woman, despite otherwise effective antibiotic therapy. She then was treated successfully with conservative surgical management by sleeve resection of the involved segment. This unusual sequela and its workup contain important implications for the management of ...

Instruments designed for pars plana vitrectomy can be used to manage selected complicated congenital cataracts such as those with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV). We have applied closed-eye vitrectomy techniques through a limbal approach in seven eyes with PHPV. A clear pupillary space was achieved in all cases and two ...

Nonoperative (catheter) management was used in 18 patients with extraperitoneal rupture of the bladder with limited extravasation of dye found by retrograde cystogram. Complications occurred in 4 of the 18 patients. A review of the literature shows a 20 to 25-per cent complication rate with nonoperative management of bladder rupture. ...

Chylous ascites complicating a Warren shunt was successfully treated with a Denver peritoneovenous shunt. There was spontaneous closure of the chylous peritoneal fistula seven months after the Denver shunt was inserted. This approach obviates the nutritional and septic complications of repeated paracentesis in the management of patients with chylous ascites.

Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTHBD) is a new interventional radiologic procedure that can be applied in the management of malignant or benign biliary obstruction. PTHBD can be (1) retrograde, whereby bile is drained externally through a catheter and collected in a bag; (2) antegrade, whereby the obstructing lesion, usually a ...

Acute ocular complications of erythema multiforme such as infection causing conjunctivitis, suppurative keratitis or endophthalmitis are well recognized and usually easily managed. Late complications include disorders to tear production and drainage, position of lids, abberant or metaplastic lashes and metaplasia of the conjunctiva. Early detection and active management of these ...

A patient with acute neurological complications of sarcoidosis is described.

The Pavlik harness and its application are described. A series is reported of 25 patients with congenital dislocation of the hip, aged between one day and eight months, all of whom were successfully treated in the harness. Since the harness was found to be effective in treating older infants, it ...

Instruments designed for pars plana vitrectomy can be used to manage complicated congenital cataracts such as those with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV). We have applied closed-eye vitrectomy techniques through a limbal approach in seven eyes with PHPV. A clear pupillary space was achieved in all cases. The management of ...

This paper re-examines the widespread belief that doctors have a proneness for suicide greater than the general population. The Standardized Mortality Ratio for male physicians is 335 and for single women doctors 257. Doctors' wives have an even greater risk: their SMR is 458. These rates for doctors are higher ...

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a suppurative inflammatory disease of the apocrine sweat glands. It affects the apocrine gland bearing regions, the axillae being the most common site. It causes considerable morbidity and has several complications. The etiology is unknown and there is no standard method of treatment. A comprehensive review of ...

Forty-eight patients with tuberculous pneumothorax treated at the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria, over a 40-month period were reviewed. This represents 90 percent of all patients admitted with nontraumatic "spontaneous" pneumothorax during the period of survey. This finding shows that pulmonary tuberculosis (still endemic in Nigeria) is the most ...

Postoperative ectropion of the lower lid is the most common serious complication of aesthetic blepharoplasty. Important points in the surgical technique are described. The emphasis is on judicious skin excision. The management of postoperative ectropion is outlined. A lax, pre-ectropic lower lid constitutes an additional risk. The technical modifications which ...

An estimated overall complication rate of approximately ten percent is found in the half million patients who annually undergo groin hernia repair in the United States. Certain features in the operative technique are emphasized which should prevent many of these complications.Intraoperative complications during the groin hernia repair are primarily hemorrhage ...

A statistical analysis of 1,500 consecutive rhytidectomies is presented. In rhytidectomy, complications occur in a significant percentage of the operations. The plastic surgeon must be aware of the incidence and significance of these complications, and also he must know how to avoid or manage them.

Our literature is replete with technical descriptions of rhinoplasty techniques designed to avoid certain complications. Analysis of 153 secondary rhinoplasties indicates that no procedure is immune to undesirable results and no specific technique can be employed to manage all potential problems. Critical scrutiny of these cases both preoperatively and intraoperatively ...

The aspects of the anatomy and physiology of the lower limb which are concerned with venous return from the leg and its disorders are explored. It is shown that an understanding of the pathophysiology of this group of disorders forms the basis of a clinical classification. Recent advances in methods ...

Philpott's graphic labour has been modified and used in 15,000 labours; it has been unanimously accepted by the staff. A nomogram has been constructed to show the normal progressive dilatation of the cervix for primigravidae admitted at different stages of cervical dilatation. Retrospective evaluation of the nomogram showed that it ...

Active management of labour has been developed to the extent that an assurance is given to every woman who attends this hospital that her first baby will be born within 12 hours. This assurance could lead to a welcome change in present attitudes because the mere prospect of prolonged labour ...

Among 123 Nigerians with migraine seen at one clinic 49 (40%) had complicated migraine, with ophthalmoplegia in 20 and amaurosis or field defects in 13. Haemoglobin AS was found in 60% of patients with complicated migraine, compared with 20% of those with simple migraine.

Methods of management of the third stage of labour were compared in 200 cases, noting the effect on feto-maternal transfusion. The incidence of feto-maternal transfusion was found to be 66% in cases managed in the orthodox manner, compared with 33% in those in whom free cord bleeding was allowed. The ...

Treatment of six cases of missed abortion and one case of hydatidiform mole with intravenous infusion of prostaglandin E(2) resulted in complete abortion in all cases. Of 15 patients with missed labour, 14 were delivered successfully with similar treatment. The technique appears to be a safe, reliable, and rapid method ...

<qd> Hoffmann, E. and Pérez-Ruzafa, A. 2008. Marine Protected Areas as a tool for fishery management and ecosystem conservation: an Introduction. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1–5. </qd>

To determine the amount, types, and proportion that is read of unsolicited mail received by a general practice registrar. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANT: A mixed-methods, prospective, descriptive study of unsolicited mail sent directly to a general practice registrar in a private general practice located in rural north Queensland, collected between ...

Comparison of the clinical and mammography findings in 101 histologically proved breast lesions showed that the accuracy of each method in diagnosing carcinoma was about 90%, but when taken together an accuracy of 98% was reached. Though mammography was less accurate in the diagnosis of benign lesions, it was found ...

When phenothiazines and barbiturates fail to control the spasms of tetanus, total paralysis induced by muscle relaxants may be the only way of keeping the patient alive. The hazards of this technique are illustrated in this report of a patient with severe tetanus who was totally paralyzed for 26 days. ...