Unsustainable land-use decisions and agricultural practices have become the key drivers of deteriorating watershed services in developing countries. However, landholders may have little or no incentives to take these impacts into account in their decision-making process. In recent years, reward-based provision of environmental services has emerged as an important market-based ...

The burden of stroke in low-middle-income countries has increased during the past few decades but has decreased in developed countries and it is important to know why; though it may be attributed primarily to attitudes toward stroke management and prevention among doctors, and consequently in the population. We have conducted ...

Hand dermatitis can cause significant morbidity. It is not only pruritic, painful, and adversely affects manual dexterity, but it is also very visible, resulting in a substantial psychosocial and physical impact. The prevalence of hand dermatitis in the general population is 5% to 10%, and it appears to be twice ...

Until the 1970s, bladder exstrophy was a frequently fatal birth defect that, at the very least, conferred a shortened life span with devastating consequences for afflicted patients. Beginning with the modern era of surgical management, survival has become routine, and now the focus is on optimizing a near-normal return to ...

At the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, members of the case management department work closely with the contracting and business department by pointing out payer issues and keeping the chief financial officer informed about payer requirements that could affect reimbursement. Case managers track payer issues on a dayto-day basis and ...

To examine variation in the adoption of electronic health record (EHR) functionalities and their use patterns, barriers to adoption, and perceived benefits by physician practice size. Mailed survey of a nationally representative random sample of practicing physicians identified from the Physician Masterfile of the American Medical Association. Measurements We measured, ...

It is very important to interpret the molecular interactions in Chinese herbal medicine. That will help to understand the molecular mechanisms of Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) and predict the new pharmacological effects of TCM. But now we still lack a method which could integrate the concerned pieces of parsed knowledge ...

If the dream of personalized medicine is to be realized, tremendous amounts of data specific to each individual must be captured, synthesized and presented to clinicians at the time this information is needed to make care decisions for the patient. This can only be accomplished through the use of sophisticated ...

BACKGROUND: Induction of labour is a common obstetric procedure. Some women are likely to turn to complementary and alternative medicine in order to avoid medical intervention. AIM: The aim of this paper is to examine the scientific evidence for the use of complementary and alternative medicine to stimulate labour. METHOD: ...

Many ecosystems appear subject to regime shifts--abrupt changes from one state to another after crossing a threshold or tipping point. Thresholds and their associated stability landscapes are determined within a coupled socioeconomic-ecological system (SES) where human choices, including those of managers, are feedback responses. Prior work has made one of ...

Aims. This study aimed to give an up-to-date description of the views and knowledge that health professionals in New Zealand (NZ) have about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and its use in the context of integrative medicine. STUDY DESIGN: A self-administered questionnaire. METHODS: Doctors in the Otago region of New ...

Background and objective: The concept of the "standing" of scientific journals (in terms of influence, prestige, popularity, etc.) is multi-dimensional and cannot be captured adequately by a single indicator. The aim of this report is to compare and comment on different bibliometric indicators related to some leading journals in rehabilitation, ...

The consensus document on the Science of Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiac Care with ILCOR Treatment Recommendations is an invaluable tool for quickly, simply and rigorously establishing the evidence on which the Resuscitation Guidelines 2010 are fundamented. We present a method that has been used in the review process according to ...

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a methodological review of the existing scientific literature within the field of cosmetic gynecology in the view of evidence-based medicine and to establish their relevance to the ACOG Committee Opinion No. 378. STUDY DESIGN: The appropriate medical subject heading terms were selected and applied in the search ...

Little information is available to trainees considering potential careers in the USA. American jobs are rarely advertised in the UK. In addition, there are enough significant differences between the two systems to intimidate potential trainees from the UK from considering a career in the USA. A proactive approach by interested ...

Doctor/patient interaction has been the object of various reform efforts in Western countries since the 1960s. It has consistently been depicted as enacting relationships of dominance or oppression. Most younger medical practitioners have received interaction skills training during their professional education, intended to encourage more equal forms of consultation behaviour. ...

In the twenty-first century, scientists will want to steer the microbial black box in (engineered) ecosystems, rather than only study and describe them. This strategy led to a new way of thinking: Microbial Resource Management (MRM). For the last few years, MRM has been utilized to consolidate and communicate our ...

The community of practice (COP) model described by Cooper et al. clearly defines the stakeholders in the management of primary ovarian insufficiency. The larger challenge they face is ensuring that the appropriate infrastructure exists to cultivate this COP.

To determine what models of integrative medicine (IM) are being employed in contemporary health care settings, and how and which factors affect and facilitate the success of IM in terms of the integration of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and conventional medicine in primary health care (PHC). Literature review. Australian ...

The authors proposed and tested a model in which data were collected from managers (n = 539) at 116 corporate-owned quick service restaurants to assess the structural and psychological empowerment process as moderated by shared-felt accountability on indices of performance from a managerial perspective. The authors found that empowering leadership ...

Under state laws, a medical practitioner will not be found negligent if they acted in a manner that was widely accepted in Australia, by a significant number of respected practitioners in the field, as competent professional practice in the circumstances. This is known as the "peer professional practice defence". The ...

This paper explores the practical consequences that Enlightenment ideals had on morality as it applies to clinical practice, using Alisdair MacIntyre's conceptualization and critique of the Enlightenment as its reference point. Taking the perspective of a practicing clinician, I critically examine the historical origins of ideas that made shared decision ...

The UK National Health Service (NHS) is regularly restructured. Its smooth operation and organisational memory depends on the insights and capability of managers, especially those with experience of previous transitions. Narrative methods can illuminate complex change from the perspective of key actors. We used an adaptation of Wengraf's biographical narrative ...

Contract litigation can prove devastating for all but the deepest of pockets. Physicians need to prepare for war to ensure the most favorable outcome. This includes identifying your risks, negotiating from strength, and hedging your bets. Negotiate and read your contracts carefully. Beware of critical loser pays provisions in your ...

There are a number of different strategies to mitigate the effects of fatigue in transportation and other occupational settings. Many are centered on regulatory or organizational approaches, such as work scheduling restriction and employer screening practices. While these generally benefit safety and productivity, there are clearly limitations to these approaches. ...

Several articles in this issue touch on some of the more athletic components of the performing arts. The article by Twitchett et al. describes fitness aspects of ballet, Gabrilo et al. discuss lung function in synchronized swimmers, and we also learn about how one flutist prepared for a very difficult ...

This series of articles for rehabilitation in practice aims to cover a knowledge element of the rehabilitation medicine curriculum. Nevertheless they are intended to be of interest to a multidisciplinary audience. The competency addressed in this article is 'The trainee consistently demonstrates a knowledge of management approaches for specific impairments ...

This paper examines fatherhood among the Malay Muslims of Southern Thailand (representing a minority at the national level, but constituting the majority population in the region). Traditional practices related to birth and the postpartum period are upheld as a marker of ethnic and religious identity by such groups. Building on ...

In an era in which evidence-based medicine (EBM) has become an intricate aspect of the practice and advancement of the field of medicine, plastic surgery must aim to sustain its role as a pioneer division. It is critical that plastic surgeons understand the significance of EBM and, more importantly, its ...

The impact of the coding revisions for the noninvasive studies will vary by facility but it is important to review your organization's protocols and practices to ensure that you have successfully implemented any needed changes for 2011. Failure to do so could result in insufficient documentation and/or potential refund obligations.

Despite increasing numbers of women attending medical school and completing residencies, women continue to lag behind men in academic achievement. Other specialties have found that women publish fewer journal articles than men. While family medicine is becoming increasingly gender balanced, the aim of this study was to evaluate the gender ...

Objective  To find out what questions the public ask of pharmacists on a hospital medicines information helpline, and to assess the potential for improving individuals' management of medicines through telephone helpline support. Methods  We analysed consecutive phone calls made by members of the public over 6 months to a hospital ...

We conducted a survey to determine how two professional sectors in Belgium, horticulture professionals and nature reserve managers (those directly involved in conservation), view the issues associated with invasive plant species. We developed and utilized a questionnaire that addressed the themes of awareness, concept and use of language, availability of ...

The issue of municipal solid waste (MSW) management has been highlighted in China due to the continually increasing MSW volumes being generated and the limited capacity of waste treatment facilities. This article presents a quantitative eco-efficiency (E/E) analysis on MSW management in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. A methodology ...

The provision of tele-practice symptom management is often without the provision of evidence-based guidelines. Under the auspices of the Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, a nursing task force was established to appraise the evidence and develop guidelines. Promising new efforts to enhance symptom management through tele-practice are emerging. Seven guidelines ...

There are two standing, incompatible accounts of Descartes' contributions to the study of psychosomatic phenomena that pervade histories of medicine, psychology, and psychiatry. The first views Descartes as the father of "rational psychology" a tradition that defines the soul as a thinking, unextended substance. The second account views Descartes as ...

OBJECTIVE. To study the local medical profession's opinions on the training requirements for the specialty of family medicine. This was to serve as a reference for future planning of the health care system. DESIGN. Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING. All registered doctors in Hong Kong. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Doctors' ratings ...

In this article, I argue that distinguishing 'evolutionary' from 'Darwinian' medicine will help us assess the variety of roles that evolutionary explanations can play in a number of medical contexts. Because the boundaries of evolutionary and Darwinian medicine overlap to some extent, however, they are best described as distinct 'research ...

To provide the pediatrician with a comprehensive synopsis of pediatric pes planus, also known as flatfoot. The term pes planus is a physical finding that generates some confusion in the medical community because it describes a spectrum of conditions that are diagnosed and managed differently. Some of the recent data ...

This article reviews the literature on epistaxis, with a focus on the past 12-18 month, and aims to classify the literature available for this very common otolaryngology emergency. Epistaxis can be classified into primary or secondary epistaxis based on cause. It can also be classified as childhood and adult epistaxis. ...

Brown J, Wimpenny P. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; 17: 9-18 Developing a holistic approach to obesity management The aim of this paper is to discuss the theoretical background and relevance of a holistic approach to obesity management by nurses. There is a global rise in the number of ...

Objective  To examine the views of regular pharmacy clients on pharmacist prescribing and employ agency theory in considering the relationship between the stakeholders involved. Methods  Computer assisted telephone interviews were conducted with 400 pharmacy clients recruited around Australia. Potential respondents were identified using a random number generation function in Microsoft ...

Unani medicine or Islamic medicine is one of the main healing systems in the world, which was set up by the Islamic physicians in the Middle East about a thousand years ago based on the teachings of Hippocrates and Galen. This medical system had been practiced widespread in the world ...

The density of colonies of leaf-cutting ants, Atta cephalotes L. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), was measured and compared among coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantations in five management categories: monoculture conventional, diversified conventional, diversified organic, highly diversified conventional, and highly diversified organic. Twenty-four small farms (<4 ha) in Turrialba, Costa Rica, were included ...

To study warfarin associated bleeding events reported to the Norwegian spontaneous reporting system and evaluate the differences in assessment of potentially interacting medicines between reporters and evaluators. Data on bleeding events on warfarin were retrieved from the Norwegian spontaneous reporting system database. Key measurements were time to bleeding, use of ...

Data on clinician diagnostic practices suggest they may not align with evidence-based guidelines. To better understand these practices, a multidisciplinary survey of 1,678 child clinicians examined attitudes toward the utility of diagnosis and standardized diagnostic tools. Psychiatrists were more likely than other disciplines to value diagnosis, whereas psychologists were more ...

There is currently an unrecognised conflict between the utilitarian nature of the overall NHS and the basic deontology of the doctor-patient interaction. This conflict leads to mistrust and misunderstanding between managers and clinicians. This misunderstanding is bad for both doctors and managers, and also leads to waste of time and ...

Purpose This article analyses Swedish rehabilitation professionals' experiences of interorganizational cooperation in return-to-work and labour market reintegration. Method Two groups (n = 15) from different organizations met on a regular basis to discuss their practice from a cooperation perspective. The participants had experience of cooperation in the organizational setting of Coordination Associations. ...

Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is difficult to treat. There is little hard evidence for the efficacy of any treatment and no published guidelines for its management. A number of exacerbating factors are well documented and there is some evidence for the importance of others. Smoking is the most recognised environmental trigger ...

ABSTRACT: Study Design. A descriptive overview of the literatureObjectives. To present a comprehensive descriptive overview of the published papers about epidemiologic features, burden and current management of LBP in Iran.Summary of Background Data. Little is known about the epidemiology, burden and management of LBP in developing and low- to middle-income ...