Environment, energy and natural resource management in the Baltic region, ISBN 87-7303-644-7: eds. J. Fenger, K. Halsnæs, H. Larsen, H. Schroll, V. Vidal, Nord, ISSN 0903-7004 ; 48, 273 - 283

The third stage of labor often is scarcely considered by parturients and birth attendants although it is thought to be the most dangerous stage of labor because of the risk of significant hemorrhage. Safe clinical management based on respect and understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the third stage ...

A closed sterile prefilled humidifier ('Aquapak 310') and a multiple-use humidifier ('Nebal 2') were evaluated in hospital departments to determine their susceptibility to bacterial contamination and cost. No bacterial contamination was found in the 389 samples of 'Aquapak 310' water. However, 54/164 (32.9%) samples of 'Nebal 2' water were found ...

Benefit costs can be managed effectively, but they are not just the human resource or benefit manager's responsibility. It requires a team approach, with top management involvement and commitment. Cost management is an ongoing process, quite different from cost fixing, which is just a short-term bandage. This article deals with ...

The effect of active management on latent phase labor was assessed in 197 consecutive nulliparous women. Active management resulted in a significant shortening of the latent phase but had no effect on active phase labor. Patients undergoing induction of labor had latent phases that were almost identical to the accepted ...

Despite a pre-existing cost-containment programme, expenditure on medicines was identified as a source of further cost savings in a medical benefit scheme faced with increasing divergence between income and benefit expenditure. Analysis of medicines utilisation trends showed that a relatively small number of pharmaceutical products accounted for a high percentage ...

Four truths apply to every business situation: 1. It is essential to be a lower cost supplier. 2. To stay competitive, inflation-adjusted costs of producing and supplying products and services must trend downward. 3. The true cost and profit pictures for each product/market segment must always be known, and traditional ...

This study assesses the problems and prospects in developing one or more geographic indices of physician practice costs for Medicare Part B. I used a modified Laspeyres price index approach to compute practice cost indices, aggregated to the level of existing Medicare Part B payment areas and also created an ...

This is all just one example of how computer and appropriate analytical software routines can improve the fiscal and physical efficiency of the hospital materials management department. Together, they can provide logical, unemotional guidelines for purchase quantities, reorder points and safety stocks. Once a computer based materials management tool is ...

In the previous article, the rigid use of the Friedman Curve, breathing techniques, and other management options for the second stage of labor were examined. This article concentrates on the affect of maternal positioning, on the length of the second stage of labor, and summarizes the contents of that former ...

A principal objective of productivity measurement is the manager's desire to match available labor hours (capacity) with available workload (demand) while concurrently minimizing the cost of carrying that capacity. In this article, Mr. Schwartz presents technical labor capacity concepts from a management engineering perspective. Included is assistance in ascertaining the ...

The use of umbilical vein injection of oxytocin was compared with traditional management of the third stage of labor. Pregnant women were randomized to receive intravenous oxytocin after the delivery of the placenta (n = 25) or oxytocin via the umbilical vein immediately after cord clamping (n = 25). Those ...

A questionnaire regarding controversies in management of the breech presentation was answered by 405 maternal-fetal medicine subspecialists. Legal concerns strongly influenced clinical management in 63% of respondents. External cephalic version was considered both safe and effective in 90 and 83% of respondents, respectively. Three-quarters of those who responded usually allow ...

Data derived from the first 30 months of operation of a low-cost mammography screening program demonstrate the impact of the introduction of low-cost screening on nearby mammography practices. Low-cost screening attracts a very different group of women than traditionally populate existing practices, and 93% represent "new business" rather than established ...

Active management of labor was introduced as the standard policy for the care of nulliparas in labor in a London maternity hospital. The basis of this management is, first, a strict diagnosis of labor and second, the early diagnosis and prompt treatment of dystocia. This study describes the outcome in ...

The major Canadian universities are connected via a computer communications network called `Netnorth'. We have used Netnorth's accessible, low-cost, electronic mail system to develop a network of academic Family Medicine users (Famnet). We then tested Famnet's utility for conducting rapid surveys. Famnet shows promise of being a useful means of ...

The aggressive management of early labor has been suggested as a means to lower the cesarean section rate for dystocia. The aim of our study was to prospectively evaluate a protocol of early intervention in primigravid women with infrequent uterine contractions during early labor in relation to the course of ...

This article is an off-the-cuff commentary on one practice in a city of 40,000 people. This city is in a largely agricultural area. The article stresses the pluses: the continuity of care and the more interesting and variegated nature of family practice here. There are negatives, as well: the more ...

Reducing the cost of purchased products and services is of continuing importance to hospital purchasing and materials managers. In the first of three articles, the authors addressed the life cycle costing approach applied to purchasing as a means of evaluating total costs over the life of a product rather than ...

In his article, 'The Effectiveness of Symbols,' Lévi-Strauss contends that the details of a Cuna birth incantation evoke specific physiological responses from parturient women, aiding them through difficult labors. His argument, which analyzes the incantation as a text divorced from its social setting, has drawn criticism from students of Cuna ...

Containment of health care costs is a serious concern today for everyone, including the local, state and federal governments, industry and the private sector. Physicians are looked at as the "bad guys" in the cost containment battle as publicity focuses on the high cost of office visits, procedures, tests and ...

Preterm labor and delivery remain a significant problem in contemporary obstetric practice. Although the exact cause remains unclear, it is most likely to be multifactorial in nature. No satisfactory screening tool or marker currently exists to firmly establish the diagnosis of impending labor. However, epidemiologic and historical variables associated with ...

By studying normal labors in 500 Chinese primigravidae, a nomogram has been constructed to show the normal progression of cervical dilatation starting from cervical os of 3 cm dilatation. Paralleled 'alert' lines and 'action' lines were derived from this nomogram. Clinical evaluation of this double-lined nomogram showed that poor progression ...

A patient management questionnaire was written to assess the range of advice being offered to parents on common paediatric problems. It was sent to hospital doctors, clinical medical officers, health visitors, and general practitioner trainers and trainees. In the 95 completed questionnaires just over half the items elicited conflicting advice, ...

Effective management information systems are a basic need of every administrator of a medical group practice. This general discussion of the subject of cost accounting enables the administrator to develop a standard cost system and its related detail cost sheets as a management information tool. Detail cost sheets can be ...

Urodynamic investigations were performed on 20 patients at 48 hours and at four weeks after delivery to assess the effect of modern obstetric practice on the postpartum bladder. Although there were significant differences in some values over this period, the mean urodynamic measurements on both occasions were within normal limits. ...

In summary, the obstetrician often cannot anticipate the appearance of a woman with a breech fetus in labor, and, in the majority of instances, a woman will be in labor before the diagnosis is made. To obtain the best outcome with both preterm and term breech fetuses, the appropriate data ...

During the twentieth century there have been great advances in medicine in the area of science and technology. At the same time, there has been a trend back to a more natural, humanistic approach to counteract patients' feelings of alienation. Holistic medicine approaches the physical, emotional, spiritual, and social aspects ...

This study examined factors contributing to variability in the cost-effectiveness of managing hypertension using the Weinstein and Stason methodology. Empirical analysis was based on resource use and blood pressure data from 160 persons ages 25-64 in an urban community family practice center in 1976. The exploratory study presented results on ...

Chinese herbalism dates back to 2852 B.C. More than 2,600 herbs and thousands of herbal formulae are used to treat illness. Classical theories of Chinese medicine are integrated with the Taoist philosophy, whereby the universe is composed of two basic forces: a positive one called yang, and a negative one ...

The Canadian Medical Association instituted a Task Force on Primary Care to investigate methods of training for family practice, as a result of a debate at their 1981 General Council meeting in Halifax. The fact that this debate took place shows the continuing controversy over how family physicians should be ...

There has been growing concern in the medical community about the rising rate of cesarean sections. Use of the modified manual rotation technique on the arrested fetal head has resulted in a decrease in the number of sections, length of hospital stay, and, consequently, the cost of care.No longer is ...

This notice offers interested parties an opportunity to comment on a proposed revision to Circular A-122, "Cost Principles for Nonprofit Organizations." The proposed revision establishes special provisions for costs related to political advocacy. Similar revisions are being simultaneously proposed for civilian and defense contractors through appropriate actions by the Department ...

Environmental pressures from such sources as economic conditions, the government, third-party payers, and inter-institutional competition create managerial challenges. Although cost-containment has received considerable attention, long-term cost-effectiveness is probably the significant issue. Dietitians must become more cost-conscious and effective in resource management to attain desired performance outcomes. Some of the skills ...

Effective management of a respiratory therapy department requires the determination of the relative effectiveness of the products used. It is important for the department manager to recognize how well the alternative products meet their intended purpose and at the same time to determine their actual cost. This article describes a ...

In this paper, the reader is given a number of clues as to the identity of a country doctor who made unique contributions to medicine and science which still affect our daily practice and living. The paper also hints at our current responsibility to provide some foundation to the presently ...

The labor movement in the United States has its roots deep in the soil of worker discontent over grueling working conditions, low pay, and indifference of bosses, who profited from others' sweaty labor. As more and more grubby jobs are replaced by technological innovations, as work becomes more abstract and ...

It is difficult to assess and analyze current history. A selected number of the important events that have occurred in Canadian medicine during the past 25 years are analyzed from the point of view of their impact on and revelance to family practice. Many of the events and advances that ...

Repeated scouring and soiling of the breech region with faeces rendered mulesed, Merino sheep susceptible to breech strike. Anthelmintic treatment of ewes before and after lambing and of lambs 6 to 8 weeks old reduced intestinal trichostrongylosis, scouring and consequent breech strike. Wether lambs tended to be more susceptible than ...

The incidence of goiter (any swelling of the thyroid, either diffuse or localized) varies from five to ten percent in the adult population. Carcinoma of the thyroid is rare, occurring in approximately 2.5 per 100,000 population. The prognosis is generally good. Clinically patients usually present in one of four ways: ...

As a former General Counsel of the NLRB, Peter Nash enjoyed a vantage point from which to observe the procedures of the Board and evaluate how the provisions of the NLRA itself operated. Nou in private practice, he has made a detailed analysis of the labor reform legislation pending in ...

Doctors in Nova Scotia, as in most provinces in Canada, are facing the unique problems related to the injured athlete. With the development of Sport Nova Scotia, combined with the efforts of the Canadian Academy of Sports Medicine, sports medicine is rapidly moving to a more scientific platform. The Nova ...

Systolic murmurs are commonly encountered in family practice, often necessitating distinction between ejection and regurgitant murmurs. This distinction can be made by the family physician providing he is familiar with the characteristics of both, which are described in this article. Practice on normal hearts will help to distinguish the abnormal.

Today, managers are being asked to analyze and justify the costs for new and expensive equipment. In the case of the CAT Scanner, however, there has been little "hard" information available. To fill the gap, the authors present the findings of several Swedish studies that compare the uses and the ...

A review of 12 years' experience with term breech delivery at Overlake Memorial Hospital, Bellevue, Washington, was undertaken to ascertain patterns of care as practiced in a suburban community hospital setting. A total of 402 term breech deliveries were managed by 34 family practitioners and 21 obstetricians. X-ray pelvimetry was ...

"Overview in 2000 of environmental issues with a emphasis on enhancing sustainability through improved resource management, including information on issues pertaining to forest and policy issues, biodiversity and protected parks, water resources, coastal and marine resource management, urban and industrial pollution, and energy use." (.pdf ; ISBN 971-561-294-6)

Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.

This COST Action is a network of researchers and practitioners working in the field of fire ecology and forest management from all around Europe, and it aims to develop and disseminate scientifically based decision criteria for post-fire forest management in Southern Europe. The Action runs from May 2008 for 4 ...

The European Committee for Hyperbaric Medicine (ECHM) works in the areas of 'Studying and defining common indications for hyperbaric therapy, research and therapy protocols, common standards for therapeutic and technical procedures, equipment and personnel, and cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness criteria'. It also acts as a representative body with the European health ...

The current approach to treatment at St. Mary's Hospital of dissecting aortic aneurysms uses a period of induced hypotension before aortography and consideration for surgical correction. There are 13 survivors of a series of 24 patients treated in this way.