Microscale hydrogels find widespread applications in medicine and biology, e.g., as building blocks for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In these applications, these microgels are assembled to fabricate large complex 3D constructs. The success of this approach requires non-destructive and high throughput assembly of the microgels. Although various assembly methods ...

In 1938, the field of Transfusion Medicine began as the simpler entity - Blood Banking. It was a discipline that focused on collecting, processing, storing and distributing end stage blood cells, plasma and plasma fractions to patients. Over the years, the field progressed to include clinical patient services such as ...

The Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service (SNBTS) originated in Edinburgh in the 1920's by dentist Jack Copland. Since that time the scope of Transfusion Medicine has broadened significantly to accommodate advances in technologies such as cell isolation, culture and manipulation [1]. Many transfusion services, including SNBTS, now provide expertise both ...

Background Considerable amount of information about the potential of stem cell therapy in regenerative medicine is available today. Scientific meetings and publications in specialized journals enable experts in stem cell science and regenerative medicine to follow worldwide cutting-edge research. However, controversial information plaguing the media and the Internet lead patients ...

In this report, guidelines for the evaluation, medical and surgical management of renal cell carcinoma is presented. It is categorized according to the stage of the disease using the tumor node metastasis staging system, 7(th) edition. The recommendations are presented with supporting evidence level.

The target of the present review is to draw attention to many critically important unsolved problems in the future development of medicinal mushroom science in the twenty-first century. Special attention is paid to mushroom polysaccharides. Many, if not all, higher Basidiomycetes mushrooms contain biologically active polysaccharides in fruit bodies, cultured ...

We review the etiology and the management strategy of genital burns. The incidence of genital burns ranges from 2.8 to 13%. Most are part of larger injuries. Scald burns are typical for children, whereas flame and chemical burns happen more often in adults. For first and second-degree genital burns, a ...

The Parkland formula is the standard for calculating the initial intravenous fluid rate for resuscutation after thermal injury. However, it is cumbersome when used by those with modest burn training. We propose an easier method to calculate fluid requirements that can be initiated by first-line providers. Burn size is estimated ...

This study proposes a method for assessing the probability that land management interventions will lead to an improvement in the carbon sink represented by peat soils. The method is able to: combine studies of different carbon uptake and release pathways in order to assess changes on the overall carbon or ...

Reconstruction of penile skin loss resulting from various causes is a challenge for clinician. Especially in a potent man, functional and cosmetic outcomes are demanded. Conservative treatment with topical agents is not enough for the full-thickness burn although hypertrophic scar and secondary contracture usually occurs. Resurfacing of total penile full-thickness ...

Adaptive management is an iterative process of gathering new knowledge regarding a system's behavior and monitoring the ecological consequences of management actions to improve management decisions. Although the concept originated in the 1970s, it is rarely actively incorporated into ecological restoration. Bayesian networks (BNs) are emerging as efficient ecological decision-support ...

Pruritus ani is a dermatologic condition characterized by an unpleasant itching or burning sensation in the perianal region. This article briefly discusses the incidence and classification of pruritus ani followed by a more lengthy discussion of primary and secondary pruritus ani. The important points are summarized and a simple algorithm ...

There have been few cases of cold burn related to the exposure of liquid petroleum gas (LPG). We present the case of a young woman exposed to LPG while refueling her car who sustained partial thickness burns to the dorsum of her hand. Contact with LPG leaking from a pressurized ...

A number of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are available for managing burn injury patients but clinical practice is highly variable. We report the first steps to trans-contextual adaptation of international burn CPGs to local settings. Key clinical topics and questions to be covered in the final guideline were defined and ...

There is an intense debate about the effects of postfire salvage logging versus nonintervention policies on regeneration of forest communities, but scant information from experimental studies is available. We manipulated a burned forest area on a Mediterranean mountain to experimentally analyze the effect of salvage logging on bird-species abundance, diversity, ...

Cervical spondylosis is a common degenerative condition that is a significant cause of morbidity. This review discusses the pathophysiology and natural history of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and focuses on the current literature evaluating the clinical management of these patients.

Several skin substitutes are available that can be used in the management of hand burns; some are intended as temporary covers to expedite healing of shallow burns and others are intended to be used in the surgical management of deep burns. An understanding of skin biology and the relative benefits ...

Chemical burns continue to pose a variety of dilemmas to the clinician managing such cases. Assessment of burn depth is often difficult and the decision whether to excise the wound early is not always clear-cut. In this updated review, common agents are classified and the basic principles of management and ...

Pruritus is a universal symptom associated with burns healing. Little research has been conducted to assess physicians' attitudes and management principles in specialist units. A survey of UK burn units has identified a variety of opinions on the importance of various factors affecting the incidence of pruritus and a lack ...

Facial burns present significant acute and reconstructive challenges. It has long been our practice to excise facial burns unlikely to heal in a timely manner in order to reduce the risk of aesthetic and functionally debilitating scar contractures. We present our approach to the acute surgical management of facial burns.

The current cervical screening guidelines lay the duty of care of women under 25 years of age on genitourinary (GU) medicine clinics. To date there has not been an extensive review of cervical cytology results sourced from GU medicine departments. We reviewed the annual reports of the cervical screening programme, ...

The role of the speech pathologist in the burns population is still emerging, with detailed discussion of the assessment and management of dysphagia limited to date. This report describes the case of a 60-year-old man who developed severe contractures of the head and neck and oropharyngeal dysphagia after sustaining 53.5% ...

The increasingly widespread use of prescribed burns to manage oak (Quercus spp.)-hickory (Carya spp.) forests in the Missouri Ozarks, USA, has considerable potential to alter the abundance of Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae), the lone star tick, an important vector of several emerging pathogens. In particular, responses of important tick ...

The management of abnormal cervical cytology in adolescents differs from that of the adult population. Cervical cancer is almost nonexistent in adolescents, yet human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is very common in this population. In the past 5 years there has been significant advancement in the management of HPV-related diseases in ...

Eyelid involvement is common in facial burns. Ocular sequelae, including corneal ulceration, are usually preventable and secondary to the development of eyelid deformities, exposure keratopathy, and rarely, orbital compartment syndrome. Early ophthalmic review and prophylactic ocular lubrication is mandatory in burns involving the eyelids. Early surgical intervention, often requiring repeat ...

Prescribed fire and livestock grazing are used for the management and restoration of native grasslands the world over; however, the effects of these management techniques on ant communities are unclear. We examined the response of ants to these disturbances in grasslands in northern California. Twenty-four 30 by 30 m plots ...

INTRODUCTION: Effective handover of clinical information between working shifts is essential for patient safety. The aim of this study was to identify current practice and trainees' assessment of handover in the burns units of the British Isles. METHODS: A telephone questionnaire was conducted to trainee burns surgeons (at junior and ...

ABSTRACT: The relationship between bulk tank somatic cell count (SCC) and farm management and infrastructure was examined using data from 398 randomly selected, yet representative, Irish dairy farms where the basal diet is grazed grass. Median bulk tank SCC for the farms was 282,887 cells/ml ranging from 82,209 to 773,028 ...

This paper presents a summary of the forest fire reports in the insular Caribbean derived from both management reports and an analysis of publicly available Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrodiometer (MODIS) satellite active fire products from the region. A vast difference between the amount of fires reported by land managers and ...

I propose several broad fire regimes and provide an analysis of fire ecology for the principal vegetation types in Mexico. Forty percent of Mexican ecosystems are fire-dependent (pine forests, several oak forests, grasslands, several shrublands, savannas, palm lands, wet prairies, "popal" and "tular" swamps), 50% are fire-sensitive (tropical rain forests ...

For decades, international lenders, agencies, and foundations as well as national and local governments have spent millions of dollars trying to modernize the traditional practices of farmers in many mountainous areas of Southeast Asia-an agenda driven by the belief that their age-old shifting cultivation practices (known pejoratively as slash and ...

This study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the recovery effects of herbal medicines on acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxicity. In the present study, the recovery effects of 251 herb medicines on HEK 293 cells that had been damaged by acetaminophen were evaluated using an MTS assay. HEK 293 cells were cultured in 96-well ...

Graduation date: 2008

Those practicing Emergency Medicine are frequently faced with a patient presenting with a chemical burn. Most dermal chemical burns are minor and do not require specialized treatment. Occasionally, however, the clinician may be in the position of responding to a chemical burn in which standard therapy of irrigation and good ...

Prescribed fire and herbicides are 2 silviculture tools used by forest managers to control hardwood competition in pine (Pinus spp.) forests. I tested effects of prescribed burning and herbicides on selected invertebrate communities, including carabid beetles, and compared 2 invertebrate sampling approaches in thinned, intensively managed pine stands in Kemper ...

INTRODUCTION: There is a paucity of literature pertaining to the role and techniques of moulage for creating high-fidelity medical simulations. As part of an Intensive Care Crisis Event Management Course, simulation of an extensive torso burn was desired. The aim of the moulage was to enhance the realism of the ...

SUMMARY: In this review, the appropriate legislation on the expansion of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in Europe is described. The collection of cells and the manufacturing of MSCs are being regulated by European Directives (EUDs). Recently, the Regulation on Advanced Therapies Medicinal Products (ATMPs) is being published, which is ...

Objective: To audit the referral patterns of burns in an emergency department compared with national referral guidelines. Methods: A retrospective case note audit of patients attending an emergency department with a diagnosis of "burn" in a 1-year period. Results: Only one quarter of the patients were managed according to the ...

Natural disturbance-based management and conservation strategies are needed to protect forest biodiversity. Boreal forests of northern Europe are typically clearcut and otherwise intensively managed for timber production. As a result, natural disturbances such as forest fires have became rare and the volume of dead wood has decreased. These changes have ...

This article will review the basic principles and techniques of managing axillary burn contractures in both industrialized and developing nations. Surgeons specializing in hand and upper extremity surgery should be adept in treating axillary soft tissue deficits secondary to burn contractures. The focus of this article will be to provide ...

Most partial-thickness burns in Europe and the United States are managed by non-burns specialists who do not treat burns on a regular basis. To achieve better patient outcomes, partial-thickness burns should be properly managed in non-specialist centres and referred to burn units when appropriate. Although some guidelines have been published ...

Two patients with severe palmar burns sustained from hot playground equipment during a heatwave are presented here, with a review of the management of palmar burn injuries.

Fire management is increasingly focusing on introducing heterogeneity in burning patterns under the assumption that "pyrodiversity begets biodiversity." This concept has been formalized as patch mosaic burning (PMB), in which fire is manipulated to create a mosaic of patches representative of a range of fire histories to generate heterogeneity across ...

A series of research on plants used in Calabria (Southern Italy) in the folk plant medicine was carried out in the last twenty years. The use of 104 taxa distributed into 42 families are described. Among the major findings: Ceterach officinarum as hypotensive; Heliotropium europaeum in the case of urinary ...

The medicinal properties of honey have been recognized since antiquity. Although used as an adjuvant method of accelerating wound healing from ancient times, honey has been sporadically used in the treatment of burns. Honey acts mainly as a hyperosmolar medium and prevents bacterial growth. Because of its high viscosity, it ...

The bird species in western North America that are most restricted to, and therefore most dependent on, severely burned conifer forests during the first years following afire event depend heavily on the abundant standing snags for perch sites, nest sites, and food resources. Thus, it is critical to develop and ...

Most forest carbon assessments focus only on biomass carbon and assume that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from forestry activities are minimal. This study took an in-depth look at the direct and indirect emissions from Pacific Northwest (PNW) Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco] forestry activities to support or deny this claim. ...

The spontaneous regression of cervical disc herniations is a rare occurrence. Six herniated cervical discs that had regressed spontaneously are presented. All radiological disc regressions correlated well with clinical improvements. We want to underscore the potential for regression that should be considered in the evaluation and management of any patient ...

The estimation of burn depth, which is essential in the management of burns, has traditionally been conducted using clinical evaluation, which has problems of subjectivity. A number of studies have been conducted assessing the use of laser Doppler to estimate burn depth. Some studies have advocated the use of this ...

Conflicting recommendations and clinical applications have been given concerning best practices for the management of burn blisters associated with partial-thickness burns. Arguments for the preservation of intact blisters center on the idea of naturally occurring biologic protection whereas the débridment of blisters has been advocated because of the perceived decreases ...