Nowadays, it is difficult to ignore the major role played by orthodontic anchorage. Given our convictions and after several years of using these systems, we believe it is time to take stock. Is there any real benefit to using them? And if so, when? What systems should we use? Miniscrews ...

Sharing knowledge between colleagues and among corporate same-system entities can catapult excellence. The norm, however, is that one entity is unaware of what is being done, lessons learned, or best practices accomplished in their own organizations. Open knowledge flow is important in an age when changing rules, regulations, and evidenced-based ...

The use of bisphosphonate drugs has been popularised in the late 20th century for the management of many conditions associated with abnormalities of bone turnover, particularly metastatic and haematogenous malignancy and osteopenia. The increase in indications for the use of bisphosphonates was supported by what was thought to be a ...

Shetty P, Xavier AM.Management of a talon cusp using mineral trioxide aggregate. International Endodontic Journal. ABSTRACT: Aim  To report on the successful conservative management of three patients having a talon cusp with pulpal involvement using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Summary  Mineral trioxide aggregate was used to induce hard-tissue formation following ...

Hand splinting after stroke is a common practice despite inadequate evidence. This warrants a better understanding of the therapists' splinting practice, to develop clinically meaningful treatment options. The study examined the nature and prevalence of the factors associated with therapists' hand splinting practice and their perceived splinting efficacy. A cross-sectional ...

Esthetics is a topic that has become much discussed both in medicine and in dentistry. However, it should be questioned how reliable and reproducible the guidelines and protocols for esthetic procedures really are. This article will describe in detail the interactions between the musculoskeletal and masticatory systems. Dentists are frequently ...

Nanosized particles have received much attention in industry, biology, and medicine. Today nanotechnology is finding growing applications in pharmaceutical formulation for skin delivery. This review surveys some of the approaches in the field of nanosized particulate systems for both dermal and transdermal delivery, highlighting the nanosized microemulsion, vesicular systems, solid ...

During medical X-ray examinations of patients, humans as well as animals, voluntarily assisting persons are frequently needed in order to calm down the patient or animal. Typical exposure situations have been identified and measurements were performed in the fields of scattered X-rays. The personal dose equivalent H(p)(10) for persons assisting ...

What do learners do when they control whether to engage in massed or spaced practice? According to theories by Son (2004) and by Metcalfe and Kornell (2005), the tendency for learners to choose spaced practice over massed practice should decline as item difficulty becomes greater. Support originally was obtained when ...

Almost a decade ago, Gillil and proposed a model of leukemogenesis for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this model, AML results from activating mutations in genes that confer increased proliferation and survival capabilities (class I mutations) acting in concert with chromosomal abnormalities or gene mutations that block differentiation and subsequent ...

Half of the most severe cases of cerebral palsy (CP) survive to adulthood, but because this longevity is relatively recent, there is no empirical experience of their life expectancy past middle age. The last 2 decades have seen significant developments in the management of persons with CP, involving specialist services ...

Sir William Osler (1849-1919) recognized that "variability is the law of life, and as no two faces are the same, so no two bodies are alike, and no two individuals react alike and behave alike under the abnormal conditions we know as disease". Accordingly, the traditional methods of medicine are ...

Personalized medicine provide to physicians a molecular makeup of each patient. Looking at the patient on this level helps the physician get a profile of the patient's genetic distinction, or mapping. By investigating this genetic profile, medical professionals are then able to select patients, and use the found information to ...

Personalized medicine promises to represent a transformation in clinical care that will be ushered in by the unprecedented growth and development in the field of human genetics. Further examination of the scientific foundations of this new hope reveals a great number of challenges that lie ahead. While basic science research ...

In this introduction to the special issue of Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics on the topic of personal identity and bioethics, I provide a background for the topic and then discuss the contributions in the special issue by Eric Olson, Marya Schechtman, Tim Campbell and Jeff McMahan, James Delaney and David ...

Molecular diagnostics plays an important role in the development of personalized medicine. Innovative diagnostic technologies that are increasingly utilized in personalizing treatment include novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR), direct molecular analysis without amplification, DNA sequencing, biochips/microarrays, and nanobiotechnologies. Technologies for detection of copy number variations, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and cytogenetic ...

Neutral zone technique is long being used for the management of severely resorbed mandibular ridges. Various materials are used in recording neutral zone, which have their own advantages and disadvantages. This article discusses the use of Polyether impression material which is simpler and more practical.

In today's practice of medicine, seeing patients requires space. The amount and type of space a practice needs are based on the volume of patients to be seen, services provided, and the number of providers in the practice. To evaluate whether or not your current practice space effectively houses your ...

New technologies are enabling patients to capture and transmit health data from their homes. Managing this new data stream takes some planning.

The last 40 years have witnessed substantial changes to the experience of later life. Health and life expectancy have improved and the emergence of a putative third age has allowed post-working life to move beyond being a residual social category to become an arena in which later life lifestyles can ...

The author has been managing osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) for more than six years. This paper will outline the dental management of patients taking bisphosphonates. This will include: 1. The predisposing factors causing ONJ, 2. Its clinical presentation, 3. Staging for the appropriate conservative and surgical management, 4. Guidelines ...

Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is generating intense attention as interest grows in finding new and better drug technology assessment processes. The federal government is supporting the expansion of CER through funding made available in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) and by establishing the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research ...

A report on the Joint Cold Spring Harbor/Wellcome Trust Conference 'Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine', Hinxton, UK, 12-15 September 2009.

The rise of anti-ageing medicine is emblematic of the current conditions of American biomedicine. Through in-depth interviews with 31 anti-ageing practitioners, we examine how practitioners strive for-and justify-a model of care that runs counter to what they see as the 'assembly line' insurance-managed industry of healthcare. Their motivation, however, is ...

Personalized medicine is the tailoring of therapies to defined subsets of patients based on their likelihood to respond to therapy or their risk of adverse events. The advent of improved genomic tools has greatly hastened our understanding of the molecular pathology of diseases, enabling us to redefine disease at the ...

The aim of pediatric personalized medicine is to uniquely combine genetic variation with developmental stage and environmental exposure to provide a tailored preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic regimen. Recent advances in genomic research have identified many genetic variants that may be related to allergic and inflammatory disease and therapeutic response. These ...

Successes in biomedical research and state-of-the-art medicine have undoubtedly improved the quality of life. However, a number of diseases, such as cancer, immunodeficiencies, and neurological disorders, still evade conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. A transformation towards personalized medicine may help to combat these diseases. For this, identification of disease molecular ...

The idea of individualizing therapies to obtain optimal clinical results is not new but has only recently been applied to kidney diseases. Nonetheless, kidney disorders present a variety of opportunities to personalize medicine. Here, the heterogeneity of kidney disorders is reviewed to provide a rationale for pursuing personalized medicine. Data ...

As urbanisation increases globally and the natural environment becomes increasingly fragmented, the importance of urban green spaces for biodiversity conservation grows. In many countries, private gardens are a major component of urban green space and can provide considerable biodiversity benefits. Gardens and adjacent habitats form interconnected networks and a landscape ...

Personalized medicine is a custom-tailored approach to patient treatment based on individual genetic traits. In personalized medicine, a patient group is characterized by a clinical biomarker that has been correlated to a differential response to drug treatment. During the past decade, several developments in the understanding of the structure and ...

Unlike the concept handed down by philosophy (and by the philosophy of science), which proposes a univocal, intellectualistic vision of space, Previc's studies have shown that the relationship between consciousness and space is instead managed by a number of modules, making it possible to categorise spatial interaction on four levels ...

Personalized medicine may be considered an extension of traditional approaches to understanding and treating disease, but with greater precision. Physicians may now use a patient's genetic variation or expression profile as well as protein and metabolic markers to guide the selection of certain drugs or treatments. In many cases, the ...

BACKGROUND: Health risk behaviours such as smoking and binge drinking track from adolescence to adulthood. Medicine use is associated with smoking and binge drinking among adolescents. Whether medicine-use behaviour tracks from adolescence to adulthood is unknown. AIM: To examine tracking of medicine use for headache from age 15 to 19 ...

Personalized medicine represents a new model in how the medical community approaches disease management. Rather than managing those with a particular diagnosis according to an established guideline, the personalized medicine model seeks to identify unique characteristics within each patient that can serve as a basis for disease characterization and specialized ...

Personalized medicine has become a topic of great interest because of its potential to improve patient care and optimize therapeutic strategy. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is interested in promoting personalized medicine, whenever appropriate, to protect and promote the public health. The ability to better diagnose, screen, and ...

This essay places Foucault's work into a philosophical context, recognizing that Foucault is difficult to place and demonstrates that Foucault remains in the Kantian tradition of philosophy, even if he sits at the margins of that tradition. For Kant, the forms of intuition-space and time-are the a priori conditions of ...

Aims: To evaluate the impact of the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) decisions on access to medicines listed on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) for children. Methods: We analysed all public summary documents from PBAC meetings from July 2005 to November 2006 and compared these with the Therapeutic Goods Administration ...

The evolving era of pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine is greeted with optimism by many, but this sentiment is not universally shared. The existence of diametrically opposed opinions concerning the potential benefits and obstacles facing the widespread implementation of genomic medicine should stimulate discussion and guide the design of studies to ...

Almost nothing was known about the effects of spaceflight on human physiology when, in May of 1961, President John F. Kennedy committed the United States to land a man on the Moon and return him safely to Earth within the decade. There were more questions than answers regarding the effects ...

"An individual's genetic inheritance of microRNA polymorphisms associated with disease progression, prognosis and treatment holds the key to create safer and more personalized drugs and can be a giant leap towards personalized medicine."

Molecular diagnostics play an important role in development of personalized medicine and may be termed personalized diagnostics. This chapter shows the role of various diagnostic technologies in personalizing treatment. Besides polymerase chain reaction (PCR), several non-PCR methods, biochips/microarrays, and nanobiotechnologies play an important role. Technologies for biomarkers, single nucleotide polymorphisms ...

Information about personalized medicine abounds, yet it is difficult to comprehensively search for information on this topic due to the broadness of the term "personalized medicine," the variety of terms that are used to describe this concept, the vast amount of pertinent journal articles and Web sites, and the fast ...

The mean age recommended by veterinary practices for neutering kittens is 22.6 weeks, with only 28 per cent of veterinarians considering it appropriate to neuter 12- to 16-week-old kittens. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with veterinarians' opinion that 12 to 16 weeks is an appropriate age ...

This paper is based on a panel discussion held at the Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Europe (AIME) conference in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in July 2007. It had been more than 15 years since Edward Shortliffe gave a talk at AIME in which he characterized artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine as ...

While an important factor in depth perception, the occlusion effect in 3D environments also has a detrimental impact on tasks involving discovery, access, and spatial relation of objects in a 3D visualization. A number of interactive techniques have been developed in recent years to directly or indirectly deal with this ...

Against the common assumption that modern medicine is altogether secular and scientific, this article argues that the practice of medicine manifests characteristic features of religion. This exposition is predicated upon a delineation of the phenomenological characteristics of religion and upon a critical analysis of the ways scientific medicine does or ...

This book is a compilation of 40 essays written by many of the most recognized names in the field of travel medicine. It is divided into 9 sections with such topics as the history of travel medicine, vaccines, travel medicine research, pilgrimages, and even space travel. Photographs, tables, and charts ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess obstetrician-gynecologists' judgments of gestational age of viability and earliest age of medical intervention for preterm delivery, and to associate these practice decisions with physician characteristics. METHODS: Questionnaires were mailed to 1193 members of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). RESULTS: The response rate was 59%. ...

In Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact, Ludwik Fleck uses the concept of an "ideogram" to designate the representation of a thought style through an image, which condenses its features in graphic properties. Pedigrees are such ideograms used by scientists and health professionals on the one hand, patients and ...

There is evidence for the use of prostheses from the times of the ancient Egyptians. Prostheses were developed for function, cosmetic appearance and a psycho-spiritual sense of wholeness. Amputation was often feared more than death in some cultures. It was believed that it not only affected the amputee on earth, ...