A 7-year-old with congenital toxoplasmosis who took pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for reactivated chorioretinitis developed fever, severe cutaneous involvement, swelling, abdominal pain and transaminitis, persisting weeks after withholding medicines. Symptoms resolved when systemic corticosteroids were administered. This case underscores problems in clinical management with sulfadiazine hypersensitivity, potential immunosuppression from corticosteroids and ...

With a few exceptions, groundnut productivity in most developing countries continues to be low. Although many high-yielding varieties have been released, their full potential is not realized in the absence of appropriate crop management practices. General agronomic recommendations are broad based and do not help much because of large variation ...

BACKGROUND: The hospitalist model of inpatient care has been rapidly expanding over the last decade, with significant growth related to the quality and efficiency of care provision. This growth and development have stimulated a need to better define and characterize the field of hospital medicine. Training and developing curricula specific ...

BACKGROUND: The hospitalist model of inpatient care has been rapidly expanding over the last decade, with significant growth related to the quality and efficiency of care provision. This growth and development have stimulated a need to better define and characterize the field of hospital medicine. Training and developing curricula specific ...

The European Practice Database (EPD) project, developed by the EDTNA/ERCA Research Board, collects data on renal practice at centre level in different European countries. Results presented in this paper focus on the European Practice in Haemodialysis centres from 8 European countries or regions following data collection from 2002 to 2004. ...

Little is known about the effects of bites by the rare viperid snake Eristicophis macmahonii. A 31-year-old Belgian man, who keeps these animals as a hobby, was bitten on a finger by one of his pets while trying to give it some medicine. The patient developed syncope, followed by a ...

The managed realignment of coastal defences and subsequent creation of intertidal habitats is one of several 'soft' engineering options that could reduce the costs of maintaining embankments and at the same time deliver environmental benefits. The managed realignment at Tollesbury was one of the first in the UK, undertaken as ...

Physicians employed in government clinics and hospitals also frequently have private practices. The economic theory of such dual practice is relatively limited and recent. We provide a summary and comparison of five models of dual practice, including one we have developed based on total compensation theory and contracting limitations. We ...

In determining the importance of criteria in the management of wetlands, two key issues arise: that is whether they should be conserved for environmental benefits, or whether they should be used for development activities. This is indeed the conflict faced in many natural resource management problems. This paper considers the ...

In this study, we examined the methods used and knowledge required by 16 elite men's gymnastic coaches in the development of skill progressions. Following in-depth interviews, a conceptual model representing the process of skill progression development was generated. We found that: (1) elite gymnastic coaches developed skill progressions through experimental ...

Cytokine medicines have been licensed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis since 2000. The rheumatology community has accrued a large amount of experience in the use of these medications. This experience has led to the development of guidelines for their use that include ongoing vigilance for long term adverse events ...

A viable option for increasing nitrogen (N) use efficiency and mitigation of negative impacts of N on the environment is to capitalize on multi-element interactions through implementation of nutrient management programs that provide balanced nutrition. Numerous studies have demonstrated the immediate efficacy of this approach in the developing regions like ...

Total joint replacement has evolved over the past 50 years from a concept that was first attempted in people suffering from osteoarthritis to a commonly applied practice in veterinary medicine. Although many questions have been answered, several controversies still exist, with many implant and technical options being explored. Currently, total ...

There are challenges in using ethnobotany as a research technique. Foremost, there is a generational loss of traditional medicine knowledge and a loss of plant resources as raw material for medicinal use. These losses are frequently attributed to the development and modernization of cultures. However, recent work has reported that ...

An important by-product of sequencing the human genome has been the development of a novel 'toolbox' for biomarker discovery and development. Genomic medicine is an emerging discipline in the genome sciences that integrates these tools to interrogate genomic variation in well-defined populations in order to develop predictors of disease susceptibility, ...

Eastern African coral reefs were severely impacted by the El Niño Southern Oscillation of 1997-98, with bleaching and mortality levels varying from <1% in South Africa to 80% and greater on reefs in northern Tanzania and Kenya. Recovery of affected reefs to 2002 has been poor to moderate, and patchy. ...

The purpose of this investigation was to develop and validate the Weight Management Support Inventory (WMSI). The WMSI assesses social support specifically for weight management. It quantifies the frequency and subjective helpfulness of supportive behaviors as well as examining four specific subtypes of support (emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal). The ...

The Newcastle, North Tyneside and Northumberland Mental Health NHS Trust and the Laing O'Rourke Team were awarded the best practice runner-up prize at the recent North East Constructing Excellence Awards for their Adult Forensic Psychiatry Development (Phase 1) at St. Nicholas Hospital, Gosforth. Report by Rob Smith, estates manager at ...

Biomedicine has experienced explosive growth, fueled in parts by the substantial increase of government support, continued development of the biotechnology industry, and the increasing adoption of molecular-based medicine. At its core, it is composed of fiercely independent, innovative, entrepreneurial individuals, organizations, and institutions. The field has developed unprecedented capacity to ...

The role of appraisal within professional development has assumed a higher profile in response to national policies including those relating to clinical governance and workforce development. Under the guidance of a service development manager trained in human resource management, a new interprofessional Primary Care Practice Team near Cambridge defined and ...

This paper highlights the emergence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) within New Zealand. The historical path of development and acceptance of CAM from 1908 will be outlined, with reference to the development of current legislation and government policy. Emphasis will be placed on rapid changes occurring over the last ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in both developed and developing countries. Whilst there have been a number of studies investigating the current physiotherapy management of LBP in the former, little is known about such management in developing countries. The objectives ...

INTRODUCTION: In the Netherlands, rehabilitation care plays an important role in the symptomatic and palliative treatment of ALS patients. However, until 1999 there were no guidelines or practice parameters available for the management of ALS. Therefore, the Dutch protocol for rehabilitative management in ALS was developed. We describe the development ...

The incidence of foramen ovale restriction or closure is greater in fetuses with congenital heart defects (CHDs) and obligate atrial shunting and/or left atrial hypertension. Foramen ovale restriction or closure in fetuses with CHD can cause distress in utero or at birth. We suggest performing serial ultrasound assessment for at-risk ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a 6-month rotation in forensic medicine in developing medicolegal and forensic skills for doctors training for a fellowship with the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM). METHODS: Over a period of 6 years 12 trainees undertook a 6-month rotation with the Victorian Institute of ...

When aligned to participants' needs, evaluation may be used to enhance practice developers' work. Process evaluation enables practice developers to evaluate as they develop; making evaluation an integral part of practice development rather than an 'add on task'. It is contended that beginning practice developers can discharge their need to ...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the development of emergency medicine (EM) in Israel and review the specific problems faced by the discipline and describe the solutions that were found. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted for data on development of EM in the UK and in North America, and the personal ...

Corruption is a worldwide phenomenon, particularly in many developing countries, which contain a large proportion of global biodiversity. Most alarming, from a biodiversity-conservation perspective, is the frequent corruption of government officials who manage valuable natural resources, such as timber, oil and precious minerals. A recent study by Joyotee Smith and ...

The pharmaceutical domain represents a type of internationalised policy network theorised in recent writings on neo-liberalism, neo-corporatism and governance. This article presents an analysis of developments in prescription drug regulation in Australia. A relatively stable, state-managed pattern of interaction has been superseded by less closed exchange, and the government itself ...

Co-management acknowledges pragmatic developments and progression of institutional choice theories in natural resource management. This innovative concept embraces a pluralistic management approach based on the principle of subsidiarity and creates opportunities for the reconciliation of competitive property claims. This article reviews definitions of co-management, distinguishes it from other property rights ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the current international representation of members of editorial and advisory boards and authors in the leading peer reviewed literature on tropical medicine. DESIGN: Systematic review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Country affiliations, as classified by the human development index, of editorial and advisory board members of all tropical medicine ...

The development of penicillin was a watershed in the battle against infectious diseases. The primary individuals responsible for its discovery and development were Sir Alexander Fleming, Sir Howard Walter Florey, and Ernst B. Chain, now primary figures in the annals of medical history. The individual who serendipitously "discovered" penicillin was ...

Children who undergo a prolonged stay within the intensive care unit require adequate sedation and analgesia. During the recovery phase there will need to be a period of sedation withdrawal to prevent occurrence of an abstinence syndrome. We present a strategy developed within our hospital for managing this process which ...

This article aims to draw attention to the process of harmonization of requirements for drug registration (the so-called ICH process) and to examine how it may affect access to medicines in developing countries. The ICH process, especially when seen in conjunction with the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Technical Barriers ...

Monitoring body kinematics and analyzing posture and gesture is an area of major importance in bioengineering and several other connected disciplines such as rehabilitation, sport medicine and ergonomics. Recent developments of new smart materials consent the realization of a new generation of garments with distributed sensors. What we present here ...

Despite its widespread use, oral anticoagulation therapy suffers from a number of problems that lead to underuse and inadequate treatment. Problems include its narrow therapeutic index, the influence of many concomitant conditions or comorbidities, and the need for high-quality dose management. Poor management of oral anticoagulation is a prime factor ...

This paper sets out to explore the meaning of practice development. The data from which this exploration is derived is largely drawn from an empirical research project that set out to explore practice development through concept analysis. The paper argues for a model of practice development that is focused on ...

We report a case of tension pneumocephalus developing after a continuous lumbar CSF drain had been inserted for the treatment of CSF rhinorrhoea following translabyrinthine removal of a vestibular schwannoma. Despite conservative management, the patient developed recurrent CSF rhinorrhoea and hydrocephalus requiring explorations of the petromastoid cavity, an external ventricular ...

Effective facilitation has been identified in the literature as one of three elements, along with context and evidence, that have a dynamic and coexisting relationship to enable the successful uptake of evidence into practice. This paper presents an overview of the concept of facilitation within the context of practice development, ...

Engagement in clinical practice development may be achieved in a range of ways. In this paper we describe the formation of a strategic plan for clinical practice development for Central Coast Health. The plan specifically builds on the work that has already been achieved by clinicians and is inclusive of ...

Effective management of the supply chain requires attention to: Product management--formulary development and maintenance, compliance, clinical involvement, standardization, and demand-matching. Sourcing and contracting--vendor consolidation, GPO portfolio management, price leveling, content management, and direct contracting Purchasing and payment-cycle--automatic placement, web enablement, centralization, evaluated receipts settlement, and invoice matching Inventory and distribution ...

Insecticide resistance has developed within many classes of pesticide, and over 500 species of insects and mites are resistant to one or more insecticides. Insecticide resistance and the consequent losses of food and fiber caused by failure to control insect and mite pests causes economic losses of several billion dollars ...

The history of spinal surgery is an important part of the spine-related sciences. The development of treatment strategies for spine-related disorders is acquired from the Western literature. In this article, an Eastern physician, Ibn Sina, who is known as Avicenna in the West, and his treatise, Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb (the ...

In this paper, we provide an overview of how the outcomes of the Uruguay Round affected the application of pharmaceutical intellectual property rights globally. Second, we explain how specific pharmaceutical policy tools can help developing states mitigate the worst effects of the TRIPS Agreement. Third, we put forward solutions that ...

There is a growing interest in practice development as a systematic process for the development of quality patient care. Whilst there is a range of accounts of practice development in the literature, little work has been undertaken to develop an understanding of the systems and processes involved and there is ...

Modern surgery owes its development to the innovations and skill of those craftsmen in the early 19th Century. Joseph-Frédéric-Benoît Charrière was a Parisian Cutler of renowned fame. He pioneered many developments in ether administration, urologic and other general surgical instrumentation. He also made profound modifications to the syringe, haemostat and ...

Four centuries ago, Christian moral theologians addressed the issue of dying by turning to scripture and the virtues. This work revives that tradition by showing that careful theological reflection upon the nature of Christian patience, compassion, and hope illuminates the shape of the Good Death. The author draws upon Luke's ...

To address the need for management development in public health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established three independent workforce development initiatives aimed primarily at strengthening management and leadership capacity: the Sustainable Management Development Program, the Management Academy for Public Health, and the CDC Leadership and Management Institute. ...

Few entomologists have impacted insect pest management as profoundly as Edward F Knipling (1909-2000). During WWII, Knipling and his colleagues developed highly effective measures to protect both military personnel and civilian populations from major arthropod-borne diseases. The sterile insect technique was Knipling's conception, and he successfully guided its development and ...

From page 1: "This article examines the case of the Joint Forest Management (JFM) program in Haryana, where a significant development pertaining to institutional reforms in the management of de facto common property resources such as forests and water harvesting dams have been undertaken in past few decades. Over the ...