Wound management has progressed significantly over the last five decades. This emanates from a greater understanding of wound healing, technological progression and improved clinical and scientific research. There are currently a plethora of absorbent dressings on the wound care market which claim to have the ability to manage exudates whilst ...

A recent study has found that autistic people donate the same to charity regardless of whether they are observed. This is not because they are oblivious to others, but because they are free of hypocrisy.

The present paper describes standardized procedures within clinical sleep medicine. As such, it is a continuation of the previously published European guidelines for the accreditation of sleep medicine centres and European guidelines for the certification of professionals in sleep medicine, aimed at creating standards of practice in European sleep medicine. ...

A process for evaluating physician practices by their strategic alignment with a health system's mission separates the practices into four categories: "Must-have"--Strategically and financially beneficial. "Cash is king"--Financially beneficial but not a strategic priority. "Dream big"--strategically important but currently not financially beneficial. "Avoid acquiring"--neither strategically nor financially beneficial.

Background  Studies in neurological rehabilitation have been undertaken in recent years to improve knowledge transfer. The manager is an important player in the health care system, yet few studies have examined their role in knowledge transfer. The main objective was to explore the importance of knowledge transfer and improving practices ...

Acute cutaneous wounds following trauma are commonly encountered in the emergency department. This article explains the principles of their closure and provides advice on optimal management. Wound healing occurs in four phases: haemostatic, inflammatory, proliferative and maturation (Janis et al, 2010). The guidance below is based on the authors' personal ...

As reconstructive specialists, burn surgeons are often involved in managing large wounds of various etiologies. Such wounds can pose a management challenge, especially if they are chronic or occur in the setting of critical illness or multiple medical comorbidities. Medical maggots are an effective, selective, and low-risk method for wound ...

The current study documented local utilization of Cyperus papyrus L. (papyrus), harvesting patterns, threats, and local management practices among the Endorois community living around Loboi swamp (Kenya). Papyrus is a highly productive freshwater macrophyte that is widely utilized throughout tropical Africa. However, increased human population and poverty, has led to ...

Since its inception, osteopathic medicine has been concerned with the lymphatic system. Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of lymphatic osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) techniques in affecting fluid management and immune function. Many of the functions provided by the lymphatic system and augmented by OMT are necessary for proper wound healing. ...

Abstract Purpose . In most states, smoking has been curtailed to some extent in public buildings, workplaces, and restaurants. The next frontier for smoke-free policies is the multiunit dwelling industry. However, the extent to which smoke-free housing currently is available is unknown. The purpose of this study was to measure ...

Second molars can create great delays in orthodontic treatment if they are not managed intelligently. The purpose of this article was to describe common torque and position problems of the second molars and techniques for managing them. A simple technique for freeing mesially impacted second molars is presented.

The poor management of natural resources has led in many cases to the decline and extirpation of populations. Recent advances in fisheries science could revolutionize management of harvested stocks by evaluating management scenarios in a virtual world by including stakeholders and by assessing its robustness to uncertainty. These advances have ...

Perforations are an uncommon but serious complication of endoscopy. Although they are well recognized, no universally accepted strategy for their management exists. The need for management algorithms in situations that call for multiple interventions in a short time, with coordinated effort encompassing multiple providers from different specialties, has long been ...

How can a better understanding of wound biofilms change your clinical practice? And what is the likely impact on clinical outcomes? At this year's JWC lecture, sponsored by sorbion, two of the world's leading microbiologists, Steve Percival and Randy Wolcott, answered these questions. Steve Percival explained what a wound biofilm ...

Remote management of pacemakers and implantable defibrillators is being increasingly used in Europe, due to its potential to improve follow-up efficiency and patient outcome. However, this paradigm shift needs to be economically viable for it to be sustainable in the long term. This article covers the economic aspects of remote ...

Background:  Mohs micrographic surgery is the preferred treatment for certain skin cancers. It had already been considerably refined prior to its introduction into Australia in 1978, refinement has continued since. Documenting the work practices of Australian Mohs surgeons serves to clarify the current role of Mohs surgery and may help ...

BACKGROUND: Weed management in glyphosate-resistant (GR) maize, cotton and soybean in the United States relies almost exclusively on glyphosate, which raises criticism for facilitating shifts in weed populations. In 2006, the benchmark study, a field-scale investigation, was initiated in three different GR cropping systems to characterize academic recommendations for weed ...

BACKGROUND: Studies were conducted on experimental cabbage plantings in 2009 and on experimental and commercial plantings in 2010, comparing farmers' current chemical standard pesticide practices with an integrated pest management (IPM) program based on the use of neem (Aza-Direct) and DiPel (Bacillus thuringiensis). In experimental plantings, the IPM program used ...

The current pre-eminent focus in osteoarthritis research and clinical practice is on persons with established radiographic disease. This is the very end-stage of disease genesis and modern therapies are thus largely palliative. A major shift in the focus of osteoarthritis research and clinical practice is critically needed if an impact ...

Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in both the immunocompetent and the immunocompromised populations. This article reviews the clinical presentations of the different forms of oral candidiasis, as well as the diagnosis and management.

Abrupt and rapid ecosystem shifts (where major reorganizations of food-web and community structures occur), commonly termed regime shifts, are changes between contrasting and persisting states of ecosystem structure and function. These shifts have been increasingly reported for exploited marine ecosystems around the world from the North Pacific to the North ...

Cadaveric allografts and a large variety of other biologic dressings have been reported as being useful for the postoperative management of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) wounds. Although the use of porcine xenografts for the immediate postoperative management of these wounds is known, their use has not been detailed in the ...

Venous malformation results from an error in vascular morphogenesis. Although this condition is present at birth, it may not become evident until childhood or adolescence when it has grown large enough to cause a visible deformity or symptoms. This article discusses the types, diagnosis, and the nonoperative and operative management ...

Terror medicine, which is related to emergency and disaster medicine, focuses on the constellation of medical issues uniquely related to terrorist attacks. It ranges from recognizing features of biologic and chemical agents such as Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) and sarin to the treatment of multi-injury victims of suicide bombings. Medical personnel ...

This article describes the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of arteriovenous malformation, capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation, and PTEN-associated vascular anomaly.

Experiments from a range of ecosystems have shown that insectivorous birds are important in controlling the populations of their invertebrate prey. Here, we report on a large field experiment testing the hypothesis that management for enhancing recreational values in suburban woodlands affects the intensity of bird predation on canopy-living arthropods. ...

This article examines the conditions under which epistemological shifts in medicine have shaped the history of apoplexy and stroke. Our intention is to understand how stroke medicine as a distinct branch of bio-medicine has emerged in its current form. In doing so, we draw on aspects of the work of ...

Recognizing the international trend for patients to choose both allopathic western medicine (WM) and traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM), the World Health Organization has called for stronger collaboration between WM doctors (WMD) and TCAM practitioners. This resonates with the situation in Hong Kong where the dominant modality of patient ...

Tendinopathy of the long head of the biceps brachii encompasses a spectrum of pathology ranging from inflammatory tendinitis to degenerative tendinosis. Disorders of the long head of the biceps often occur in conjunction with other shoulder pathology. A thorough patient history, physical examination, and radiographic evaluation are necessary for diagnosis. ...

Much was learned about the diagnosis, management, and pathogenesis of influenza from the 2009 pandemic of influenza A (H1N1). This knowledge can be applied to the management of people affected by seasonal infection and to future pandemics.

Background:  Principles of evidence-based medicine (EBM) may be inconsistently applied to clinical decision-making due to lack of practice-based training, experience, and time. Objectives:  The authors sought to design, implement, and test the feasibility of an experiential learning model for senior emergency medicine (EM) residents to apply EBM principles during real-time ...

Abstract Morbidly adherent placenta is often associated with severe maternal morbidity. An increased incidence over the recent years may be secondary to the increased cesarean section rates. Identification of patients with risk factors antenatally is essential for the early diagnosis and management. Diagnosis can be achieved by ultrasound or MRI ...

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) or temporal arteritis (TA) with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is among the most common reasons for long-term steroid prescription. GCA is a critically ischaemic disease, the most common form of vasculitis and should be treated as a medical emergency. Visual loss occurs in up to a fifth ...

Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a common form of meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa due to the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. This report outlines the management of CM with a focus on resource-limited settings. Sections covered include epidemiology and diagnosis, pharmacotherapy, management of complications, timing of antiretrovirals, and primary and secondary prevention ...

Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a primary increase in whole-body carbon dioxide stores caused by a positive carbon dioxide balance. This acid-base disorder, if severe, may be life-threatening, therefore requiring prompt recognition and expert management. The case presented highlights the essential features of the diagnosis and management of respiratory acidosis. ...

This case report presents the endodontic management of an anatomically variant palatal root with 2 canals (Vertucci type II) in a maxillary first molar, which was confirmed with the help of spiral computed tomography (SCT). This serves to remind clinicians that such anatomic variations should be taken into account during ...

Traumatic anterior shoulder instability is a common orthopaedic problem encountered in adolescents. Approximately 90% of patients who experience their first traumatic instability event before the age of 20 will go on to have recurrent episodes if appropriate interventions are not pursued. Acute shoulder dislocations should be reduced promptly. Definitive management ...

The early diagnosis and detection of progression are two key-elements in the actual management of glaucoma. The current opinion in clinical practice is to quantify the structural damage for a better follow-up of the patient and the standardization of the results. The present review is a concise survey of literature ...

Achilles tendon disorders are among the most common conditions seen by sports medicine physicians. The request for radiological assessment and for radiologically assisted therapy is on the steady increase. Thus understanding the anatomy and biomechanics of the Achilles tendon is crucial to the effective radiological diagnosis and thus the management ...

Translational medicine encompasses the itinerary from the conception of an idea to its implementation in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of human diseases. It cannot be identified as a stand-alone field; rather, it comprises a fragmented patchwork of activities, competencies, and knowledge distributed along diverse and often disparate disciplines. In ...

Pericardial diseases can present clinically as acute pericarditis, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and constrictive pericarditis. Patients can subsequently develop chronic or recurrent pericarditis. Structural abnormalities including congenitally absent pericardium and pericardial cysts are usually asymptomatic and are uncommon. Clinicians are often faced with several diagnostic and management questions relating to ...

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency requiring urgent fasciotomy to save the limb. However, time is of the essence and diagnostic uncertainty can lead to unnecessary surgery. Measurement of intracompartmental pressure (ICP) to aid decision making is becoming commonplace, particularly in unconscious or confused patients. However, inaccurate readings ...

INTRODUCTION: The Manichean diagnosis, psychogenic or organic, is the first and most frequent diagnostic scope managing sexual disorders. The aim of this Controversy is to discuss if this philosophy is still useful both in the conceptual and clinical perspective. METHODS: Five scientists (an endocrinologist, two psychologist, and two urologists) with ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a devastating syndrome afflicting previously healthy individuals. Early recognition of the illness is crucial, as aggressive treatment may improve outcomes. Despite significant advances in care, however, the mortality remains high (30-100%). This brief review will focus on the causes and overall management ...

The appropriate management of asymptomatic congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations of the lung (CCAM) remains controversial. The aim of this study is to determine the outcome of expectant management of these lesions and the sensitivity of antenatal ultrasound diagnosis. A retrospective review was undertaken of all cases identified from prospectively collected ...

Burn wound cleansing is an integral step in every wound management protocol. Yet a lot of this practice is based on myth rather than real scientific basis. The literature is poor in scientific papers comparing the outcome of patients who underwent wound cleansing to those who did not. A survey ...

A 37-year-old man presented with a facial abscess that progressed to external ophthalmoplegia and proptosis. Neuroimaging was consistent with cavernous sinus thrombosis. The diagnosis, management options, and management controversies of septic cavernous sinus thrombosis are discussed, including neuroimaging, antibiotic choice, and the role of corticosteroids and anticoagulation.

Magnesium is commonly used in the prevention of eclampsia. Reports of acute toxicity are rare and we are not aware of detailed management algorithms. We present a case of acute magnesium toxicity presenting as ventilatory impairment and failure to rouse adequately from general anaesthesia. The patient was managed with controlled ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common condition characterised by breathlessness, cough and sputum production. However these are nonspecific, common symptoms which may be misattributed; resulting in a possible underdiagnosis of COPD. To outline the current views on COPD diagnosis and management with a focus on the role of ...

Congenital chylothorax is a rare entity which is characterized by abnormal accumulation of chyle in pleural cavity. Chylothorax presenting as non-immune hydrops is even rarer. We report a case of congenital bilateral chylothorax presenting as non immune hydrops and managed successfully with chemical pleurodesis. A term male baby presented at ...