This article reviews aspects of management of traumatic brain and spinal cord injury. A discussion of management of intracranial pressure after traumatic brain injury is followed by a discourse on cerebrovascular trauma and pediatric injuries. Specific management methods are discussed, including medical and surgical management in intracranial hypertension. A special ...

The presence of shrapnel or a bullet lying in the medial orbital and retrobulbar area is rare. A review of the literature revealed only a few reports. Recently eye/orbital penetrating trauma has increased dramatically, mainly due to IEDs or conventional weaponry in civilian and military casualties. Our experience in the ...

In 1998, the Guidelines Committee on the Management of Severe Head Injury was established by the Japan Society of Neurotraumatology, and performed a critical review of national and international studies published over the past 10 years. The guidelines were first published in 2000 based on the results of this literature ...

Pelvic fractures are serious injuries. Death within 24 hours is most often a result of acute blood loss. The emergency management of these patients is challenging and controversial. The key issues in its management are identifying the site(s) of hemorrhage and then controlling the bleeding. Management of hemodynamically unstable patients ...

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common medical problem affecting 25% to 50% of women in the United States. This article reviews the literature on the current systems- and population-based costs of management of SUI in women. A PubMed search was conducted to seek studies examining the cost of various management ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine current practice patterns, we mailed a questionnaire regarding urethral stricture evaluation, treatment, and follow-up to members of the American Urological Association (AUA). The minimally invasive methods used for treating and evaluating anterior urethral strictures vary widely among clinicians. METHODS: A nationwide survey of practicing members of the ...

Too few French prescribers use international nonproprietary names (INNs).

Management of distal anterior urethral stricture is a common problem faced by practicing urologists. Literature on urethral stricture mainly pertains to bulbar urethral stricture and pelvic fracture urethral distraction defect. The present article aims to review the management of the strictures of fossa navicularis and pendulous urethra. The literature in ...

Floors are one of the biggest capital assets of the healthcare estate and, under a continual stampede of feet, suffer the most wear and abuse of all, making it unsurprising that flooring--of whatever type--is regularly replaced, despite the considerable potential expense. Richard Harrison, operations manager of floor cleaning experts, PHS ...

Activities on radon management strategy of international organisations (International Atomic Energy Agency, International Commission on Radiation Protection, etc.) should be carefully and continuously traced to discuss how to control radon in various environments, for example, dwellings, workplace, underground, caves, mines, hot springs, disposal facilities and so on. It is more ...

The management of pregnancy and delivery of a woman on opiate-substitution therapy with buprenorphine requires a coordinated team approach by social services, addiction medicine, obstetrics, and pediatrics. Her obstetrical care is further complicated by the unique pharmacology of buprenorphine and the issues of pain management. Obstetrical providers should be familiar ...

Waste management in Greenland (56 000 inhabitants) is characterized by landfilling, incineration and export to Denmark of small quantities of metals and hazardous waste. The annual amount of waste is estimated to about 50 000 tons but actual data are scarce. Data on the waste composition is basically lacking. The ...

Unwind or incise has been the standard of management for removing hair tourniquets. The hair ends are usually difficult to hold and unwind as they break at the ends easily, and using scalpels or needles to get under the hair tourniquet is difficult when the involved appendage is swollen and ...

Introduction - It is estimated that about 70-80% of the world's population relies on non-conventional medicine, mainly of herbal origin. However, owing to the nature and sources of herbal medicines, they are sometimes contaminated with toxic heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, mercury and cadmium, which impose serious health risks ...

Depending on their nature and severity, disasters can create large volumes of debris and waste. The waste can overwhelm existing solid waste management facilities and impact on other emergency response and recovery activities. If poorly managed, the waste can have significant environmental and public health impacts and can affect the ...

The construction and demolition waste generation rates (C&D WGRs) is an important factor in decision-making and management of material waste in any construction site. The present study investigated WGRs by conducting on-site waste sorting and weighing in four ongoing construction projects in Shenzhen city of South China. The results revealed ...

Tranexamic acid, an oral antifibrinolytic, is due to become available soon for purchase from pharmacies without prescription for the self-management of heavy menstrual bleeding. It is the first over-the-counter (OTC) medicine licensed specifically for this condition.1 The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) views such availability of tranexamic acid ...

Radiation proctitis is a known complication following radiation therapy for pelvic malignancy. The majority of cases are treated nonsurgically, and an understanding of the available modalities is crucial in the management of these patients. In this paper, we focus on the current treatments of radiation proctitis.

This study employed contingent valuation method to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) of the households to improve the waste collection system in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The objective of this study is to evaluate how household WTP changes when recycling and waste separation at source is made mandatory. The methodology ...

Modification of expectancies (headache self-efficacy and headache locus of control) is thought to be central to the success of psychological treatments for migraine. The purpose of this study is to examine expectancy changes with various combinations of Behavioral Migraine Management and migraine drug therapies. Frequent migraine sufferers who failed to ...

Recent evidence suggests that prosocial behaviors like conditional cooperation and costly norm enforcement can stabilize large-scale cooperation for commons management. However, field evidence on the extent to which variation in these behaviors among actual commons users accounts for natural commons outcomes is altogether missing. Here, we combine experimental measures of ...

In 1910, the first article describing a case of sickle cell anemia appeared in Archives of Internal Medicine. In 1987, a historian of African American medical history, Todd Savitt, took advantage of an opportunity to research the circumstances behind the publication of that first article and identify the people (patient ...

To examine the influence of personal and environmental factors on healthful weight management behaviors mediated through self-efficacy among low-income obese mothers. Cross-sectional design. Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in Wisconsin. Two hundred eighty-four obese mothers aged 18-34 years. Personal factors (eg, eating low-fat/low-calorie food for weight ...

It is a common sense that chewing a mint leaf causes a cold feeling, while masticating a piece of ginger root is associated with a hot sensation. The Traditional Chinese Medicine has termed this phenomenon as cold and hot properties of herbs and applied them in treating certain human diseases ...

Medicinal leeches (Hirudo spp.) swim using a metachronal, front-to-back undulation. The behavior is generated by central pattern generators (CPGs) distributed along the animal's midbody ganglia and is coordinated by both central and peripheral mechanisms. Here we report that a component of the venom of Conus imperialis, α-conotoxin ImI, known to ...

Hydrogels are playing an increasing role in regenerative medicine owing to their growing functional sophistication. This is being underpinned by advances in hydrogel synthesis, particularly through molecular and genetic engineering, which provide greater control of hydrogel structure and hence the emergence of hydrogels with new functionalities. In order to exploit ...

With the diffusion of networked technology, personal relationships can be easily formed and maintained online today. Similar to a face-to-face situation, conflict is also seen in these online relationships. Early theories suggested that computer-mediated communication (CMC) tends to increase conflicts because of the lack of social-context cues, and CMC is ...

Insomnia is a highly prevalent malady and adversely affects many dimensions of daily human function. Although its pathophysiology is poorly understood, it seems to arise in the context of heightened arousal in neurophysiologic and psychological systems. Because it often coexists with a wide variety of medical and psychiatric conditions, the ...

A major goal of the Behavioral Sleep Medicine Consensus Conference held in Ponte Vedra, Florida on March 27 through 29, 2009 was to have 15 key opinion leaders provide the latest information on their areas of expertise. Those leaders represented the breadth of the behavioral sleep medicine field (pediatrics, adults, ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Meta-analyses have a significant impact on clinical decision-making. In behavioral medicine, they are regularly used to derive clinical practice guidelines. Owing to an increasing complexity of data integration methods used, their interpretation has become a challenge to clinicians and researchers. This review aims to provide an accessible ...

This paper examines one aspect of professional practice for bioethicists: managing conflicts of interest. Drawing from our qualitative study and descriptive analysis of the experiences of conflicts of interest and/or conflicting interests (COI) of 13 Canadian clinical bioethicists (Frolic and Chidwick 2010), this paper examines how bioethicists define their roles, ...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex progressive brain degenerative disorder that has effects on multiple cerebral systems. In addition to cognitive and functional decline, diverse behavioral changes manifest with increasing severity over time, presenting significant management challenges for caregivers and health care professionals. Almost all patients with AD are affected ...

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to determine if the depiction of injury-prevention practices in children's movies is different from what was reported from 2 earlier studies, which showed infrequent depiction of characters practicing recommended safety behaviors. METHODS: The top-grossing 25 domestic G-rated (general audience) and PG-rated (parental guidance suggested) movies per ...

Surgical management of hard cataracts can be problematic despite improvements in phacoemulsification devices. Phaco chop, considered one of the best techniques for dealing with hard cataracts, cannot always divide the hard cataract completely. We have devised a phaco forward-chop technique that can be implemented safely and efficiently following incomplete phaco ...

This article examines 18th-century European warfare, tracing the first formal codifications of conventions of war, frequently introduced by military physicians and initially regarding the treatment of the sick and wounded. It outlines to what extent these conventions were followed in practice, particularly in the challenging environment of American irregular warfare, ...

Effective influenza pandemic management requires understanding of the factors influencing behavioral changes. We aim to determine the differences in knowledge, attitudes and practices in various different cohorts and explore the pertinent factors that influenced behavior in tropical Singapore. We performed a cross-sectional knowledge, attitudes and practices survey in the Singapore ...

Chronic conditions closely related to lifestyles are the major cause of disability and death in the developed world. Behavior change is the key to managing well-being and preventing and managing chronic diseases. Wellness diary (WD) is a mobile application designed to support citizens in learning about their behavior, and both ...

BACKGROUND: Community pharmacy has long been advocated as an appropriate gateway of supply for nonprescription medicines and health-related advice. Consumers sometimes self-treat the symptoms of minor illness, yet there is conflicting evidence over their ability to do so properly. Emerging trends also suggest a variable approach to nonprescription medicine supply ...

Maintaining behavior change is one of the major challenges in weight management and long-term weight loss. We investigated the impact of the cognitive complexity of eating rules on adherence to weight management programs. We studied whether popular weight management programs can fail if participants find the rules too complicated from ...

Many kinds of body/mind practices are capable of producing remarkable behaviors and altered body states. A typology of such behaviors and states, defined as observable and intentional "extreme" alterations to the body, is presented. Epistemological and methodological issues are discussed: limitations of observational data, and role of meaning, intentionality, and ...

Behavioral medicine is based on the biopsychosocial theory that biological, psychological, and environmental factors all play significant roles in human functioning. This article reviews empirically supported and efficacious behavioral approaches to the treatment and management of migraine including cognitive behavioral therapy and biobehavioral training (ie, biofeedback, relaxation training, and stress ...

Graduation date: 1979

Ecstasy use remains a key concern for professionals working in fields related to youth and drug use. At the forefront of these concerns are issues related to neurological dysfunction and depression--both acute and long-term--associated with MDMA use. Ecstasy users have been shown to assess Ecstasy related harms and to engage ...

As the relationships between industry and medicine increase, the primary goals of medicine, -- high quality research, responsible patient care and excellent medical education -- are at risk of being compromised by the undue pursuit of financial gain. Conflict of interest policies and procedures are designed to reduce that risk. ...

BACKGROUND: Intention-to-treat (ITT) is an analytic approach where all randomized participants are included in analyses and in their originally assigned condition, regardless of adherence or protocol deviation. PURPOSE: The present study aimed to determine whether reporting and correct use of ITT in behavioral medicine randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published in ...

People often equate "Lean" with the tools that are used to create efficiencies and standardize processes. However, implementing tools represents at most 20 percent of the effort in Lean transformations. The other 80 percent of the effort is expended on changing leaders' practices and behaviors, and ultimately their mindset. Senior ...

The aim of this study was to examine optimal self-management in osteoarthritis and its association with patient-reported outcomes. We recruited a population-based sample of Medicare beneficiaries (n = 551) residing in Allegheny County, PA, USA and elicited an expanded set of self-management behaviors using open-ended inquiry. We defined optimal self-management ...

Stage dependent predation may give rise to the hydra effect--the increase of predator density at equilibrium as its mortality rate is raised. Management strategies that adjust predator harvest rates or quotas based on responses of populations to past changes in capture rates may eventually lead to a catastrophic collapse of ...

Management solutions offer a useful tool for owners faced with behavior issues in their pets. In some cases management will improve the behavior and allow control. In other situations it may be only the first step in treatment. By offering management solutions, veterinarians can help owners with problem pets and ...

Comprehensive treatment of epilepsy involves many facets including self-management behaviors. The primary purpose of this study was to characterize the self-management behaviors of our patients. Additionally, we wanted to assess if the behaviors differed depending on the level of seizure control. Adult patients with epilepsy were recruited for this cross-sectional ...