Pest management techniques have evolved over the past 50 years. Inorganic chemical pesticides were replaced by synthetic organic chemicals, and now biopesticides constitute a significant part of pest management technology. Requirements for the regulatory approval of pesticides changed dramatically in 1996 with the passage of the Food Quality Protection Act ...

In the wake of the floods of 1998 and 2000 the Government invited the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) to carry out a technical review of flood-risk management in England and Wales and to consider the most appropriate approaches to flood-risk management for the 21st century. The findings of this ...

Before an audit project in one trust there was no formal means of assessing the risk of falling among older patients. By raising staff awareness and consulting on the best evidence available, a specific falls-risk assessment has been developed and is now widely used. Follow-up audits have demonstrated a change ...

The objective of this article is to harmonize descriptive definitions for the condition known as alveolar osteitis and to critically review and discuss the aetiology and pathogenesis of alveolar osteitis. In addition, the need for the identification and elimination of risk factors as well as the preventive and symptomatic management ...

There is a need for the traditional risk management model, which focuses on department based risk assessment, loss management and risk financing, to evolve to enable it to become more responsive to the increasing demands for safety and accountability imposed on the current US healthcare system. The risk management focus ...

Herd size is frequently studied as a risk factor for swine diseases, yet the biological rationale for a reported association with herd size (whether positive or negative) is rarely adequately discussed in published epidemiological studies. Biologically plausible reasons for a positive association between herd size and disease include a greater ...

Risk management is formally defined as the process by which an organization assesses and addresses its risks. Historically, the role of risk management has been associated with insurance-buying, occupational safety and health, and legal liability management. In recent years managers and physicians alike have begun to recognize that organizational risks ...

A review of the current literature on risk assessment and management in offenders with intellectual disability (ID) revealed little direct evidence for the specific population. Theoretical models and non-ID populations have been abstracted and adapted, but not validated, for those with ID. The varying conceptual frameworks of risk, and its ...

Risk management, as applied to practice in the endoscopy center, is a framework of processes that attempt to minimize medical errors, prevent adverse events and patient injury, reduce the probability of malpractice actions being brought, and limit the financial and personal psychological costs that accompany malpractice lawsuits. This article summarizes ...

This article describes the development of an innovative approach to case management for rural clients in drug abuse treatment. This innovative approach is discussed in the context of the broader field of case management-including social casework, public health, nursing, modern case management, and managed care. Because case management has been ...

In 1998, terrorists simultaneously bombed United States Embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya. The local response to these bombings was unorganized and ad hoc, indicating the need for basic disaster preparedness and improvement of emergency management capabilities in both countries. In this context, risk and risk management ...

Evaluating cardiovascular risk and managing hypercholesterolemia are essential components in the identification and treatment of coronary artery disease. A collaborative care-based lipid clinic is a beneficial part of an integrated prevention program and can result in improved lipid management. Advances in technology now enable use of the electronic medical record ...

Case management is an essential service for adults with severe mental illnesses. Case managers, however, often come to their positions with little formal case management education. This preliminary study examined the catalogues of one hundred public universities, looking for case management content. Less than 200 courses with case management content ...

A case of successful management of spontaneous perforation of an orthotopic sigmoid colon neobladder 18 months following radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma is described. Conservative management of such perforations has rarely been described in the literature; however, this is the first case report of sigmoid colon neobladder perforation ...

This paper presents a practical application of sewage network management strategy using radar data to control a detention-settling basin. This practical application, used in operational mode since January 2000, is based on three main notions. Firstly, the use of radar data without rainfall estimation. Secondly, the definition of some gradual ...

There is substantial variation in the advice given to funeral workers on handling bodies with infection risk. Inconsistent advice results in inappropriate practice. A model code of practice is presented that uses risk assessment in response to statutory and executive responsibilities to provide health and safety advice to funeral workers. ...

BACKGROUND: This review article reports the evolution of knowledge regarding the benign proliferations of the posterior glottis commonly termed "vocal process granuloma". METHODS: A comprehensive review of publications addressing lesions of the posterior glottis is affected to analyze the contemporary management of vocal process granuloma. RESULTS: Contemporary management emphasizes interventions ...

Facing a civil claim for negligence or prosecution for breach of Health and Safety law is something that any sensible clinician wishes to avoid. This review discusses the main areas of risk in clinical practice and how such risks can be minimized when acting as a clinician and as an ...

BACKGROUND: In Nairobi, the prevalence for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among attenders at antenatal and family planning clinics is substantial, but knowledge about the quality of STD case management is scarce. GOAL: To assess quality of STD case management in Nairobi healthcare facilities. STUDY DESIGN: All the facilities in five ...

Case management programs need to be evaluated for outcomes achievement and efficient use of resources. As a provider intervention, case management is interactional and situational. Little is known about how to measure the actual dose delivered in order to assess quality and manage outcomes. Case management is interdisciplinary, has identifiable ...

Safety and risk management hazards are a fact of life for the medical practice, and the costs of these incidents can place the group at significant risk of liability. Good compliance and risk management programs help minimize these incidents, improve staff morale, increase a practice's visibility in the community, and ...

Talon cusp is an uncommon condition often present in the maxillary incisors and mandibular premolars. Morphologically, this anomaly has a well-delineated cusp that extends at least half the distance from the cementoenamel junction or cingulum area to the incisal edge. The alteration can cause clinical problems such as caries or ...

Physicians play a key role in making your care pathways successful, says Maria Brillant, RN, coordinator of case management at NYU Medical Center. Case managers at her facility have a philosophy of cooperation that encourages the right doctors to champion the right pathways. Using a step-by-step pathway for getting buy-in ...

Risk harmonization means more than harmonizing the way that the risk from ionizing radiation is managed by regulatory agencies. It also means bringing a common language and approach to the management of all environmental carcinogens. If this goal is accomplished, it can result in better communication between radiation and chemical ...

At the above-mentioned study day, Lesley Fudge gave a colleague's paper on risk management. The colleague was Jill Ashley-Jones, then a Health Safety Manager at the Frenchay Hospital at the North Bristol NHS Trust, and she had been unable to attend the day. She had focused on the risk management ...

Many subfertile stud dogs can sire pups with appropriate management. Determination of the area of the problem (libido, ability to breed, semen quality) is the first step. Each of these areas can often be improved or managed. A complete history, physical examination, and semen evaluation should be performed on every ...

Professional practice standards and ethical obligations in the realm of suicide and risk management have been discussed for the last several decades. In the civilian sector, this discussion has taken the form of malpractice case law, the development of numerous assessment tools and practice guidelines for clinicians, and some attempts ...

Research examining the relative risk-taking propensities of entrepreneurs and managers has produced conflicting findings and no consensus, posing an impediment to theory development. To overcome the limitations of narrative reviews, the authors used psychometric meta-analysis to mathematically cumulate the literature concerning risk propensity differences between entrepreneurs and managers. Results indicate ...

In 1976, the Tarasoff case established a new legal duty to protect third parties from a psychiatric patient's foreseeable violence. After the Tarasoff case, courts expanded the scope and role of a clinician's duty to protect, sometimes in novel ways. Later interpretations of Tarasoff began to limit significantly the situations ...

The authors explore how case management evolved from utilization review in order to address the lack of flexibility of basic utilization review. They examine case management's widely diverse state regulatory oversight as well as its lack of a clear definition. The authors then suggest three mechanisms that might be used ...

For case managers in the hospital setting, eligibility for the Commission for Case Manager Certification's CCM credential can be difficult to prove. Kathryn Bennett, RN, case manager coordinator at Bloomington (IN) Medical Center, found out that her official job description did not meet the requirements, even though her duties include ...

Case managers sling certification jargon around, often without knowing the differences between credentialing, certificates, certification, accreditation, and licensure. As presented at a recent conference for hospital case managers sponsored by the Case Management Society of America, here is a list of terms you should know, as well as the definitions ...

The authors report the case of a young man, 18 years of age, who died as a result of autoerotic asphyxia. In the practice of forensic medicine such cases are presented as deaths from mechanic asphyxia in which, using various means and devices, the neck is constricted or the external ...

In the entire quality management jigsaw, no one piece is more important than an adequately trained and qualified quality manager. The terms quality co-ordinator and quality improvement officer do nothing to assist the understanding of this vital member of a hospital's staff. This paper describes the qualifications and role of ...

This is a final rule amending the NASA FAR Supplement (NFS) to emphasize considerations of risk management, including safety, security (including information technology security), health, export control, and damage to the environment, within the acquisition process. This final rule addresses risk management within the context of acquisition planning, selecting sources, ...

The original article to which this Correction refers was published in Statistics in Medicine 2000 19(14): 1901-1914.

The specific objectives of this report were to determine (1) the usual practice of vascular surgeons with respect to risk factor inquiry and intervention, (2) which risk factors are endorsed by vascular surgeons as being very important in the management of patients with PAD, and, finally, (3) which risk factors ...

Case management is experiencing rapid growth and evolutionary transition. This article explores the diversity and richness of case management models found in practice. Interdisciplinary communication in case management programs can be facilitated by an awareness of discipline-specific definitions and models. A categorization of models is described as a device to ...

Multifactorial risk-factor modification-especially intensive ways to manage hyperlipidemia-may slow, halt, or even reverse the progression of coronary artery disease. The American Heart Association recently published comprehensive risk-reduction strategies in patients with coronary heart and vascular disease. These recommendations, endorsed by the American College of Cardiology, have been expanded and can ...

A 56-year-old woman is referred with angina. A number of sequential management strategies have been attempted with varying results. Upon examination of her case, it is clear that she has cardiovascular dysmetabolic syndrome and is thus at high risk for adverse cardiovascular events. Two opinions for further management are presented.

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a traditional practice with serious health consequences to women that is still practiced in 28 countries with approximately 2 million girls exposed to the practice annually. The complications of FGM cause suffering to the woman all her life. Pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period are ...

Elective in-patient surgery is a common occurrence among older persons and primary care physicians are routinely called on to provide preoperative assessment and perioperative risk management of these patients. Older patients undergoing noncardiac surgery may be at increased risk for cardiac or cardiovascular complications, thus perioperative assessment of risk in ...

The number of patients a case manager can handle effectively and efficiently largely depends on the manager's overall responsibilities and the hospital's case management model. Although the hospital industry recognizes several different models, they are defined differently, and experts say it is useless to try to apply a textbook-appropriate ratio ...

Risk management is worthwhile, and should be given high priority by health professionals. There is a direct payoff for practitioners. The past decade has witnessed organizational trappings of risk management. However, until practitioners appreciate the personal payoff of risk management, and that treatment will be more effective at the same ...

This article will examine some of the benefits of vendor managed inventory (VMI) and consignment from a supplier's perspective. Indeed, there are benefits to both approaches, as well as costs and risks. By understanding and managing the costs, and controlling the risks through careful negotiations, one can make both consignment ...

Driven by differing statutory mandates and programmatic separation of regulatory responsibilities between federal, state, and tribal agencies, distinct chemical and radiation risk management strategies have evolved. In the field this separation poses real challenges since many of the major environmental risk management decisions we face today require the evaluation of ...

The ability of case managers to rely on the traditional intuitive appreciation for the value of case management is declining. Case managers must accept the challenge of identifying, measuring, and reporting their outcomes, and clearly link outcomes with accountability. Practicing case managers must be as familiar with outcomes measurement and ...

The concerns of doctors regarding their risk of malpractice litigation and the costs of indemnity premiums are resulting in calls for legal reforms to limit their liability. We do not believe these returns will be successful either practically or politically. Medical defence organisations often attempt to vindicate the doctor rather ...

The production, storage, and transportation of hazardous materials are processes of vital economic importance for any advanced and technologically complex society. Although the production and distribution of hazardous materials is associated with economic development, there is a significant potential danger to the natural and social environment in the event of ...

This article describes a geriatric case management practice approach developed in a hospital-based program for clients living in the community. The model integrates concepts of case management and the brief treatment strategies of the task-centered model. First the rationale for the case management model will be presented, followed by a ...