OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of initiating and sustaining immunization recall by private practices, including the barriers and costs, using a statewide immunization information system (IIS). METHODS: Private practices in southeast Michigan were recruited in 2007 to perform IIS-based immunization recalls. Enrolled practices were provided with training and asked to ...

The success of ACOs will depend on whether they can avoid difficulties inherent in six areas: Measuring costs. Computing expected costs. Managing prevention and wellness. Managing resources per case type. Managing the direct cost of resource units and fixed costs. Addressing conflicting incentives.

In this account of an on-going reflecting team, a group of 4 therapists describe how they preserve multiple perspectives, yet join their voices to create coherent, meaningful reflections. This reflecting approach emphasizes developing a theme and creating variations on this theme, in a manner resembling a musical fugue. In addition, ...

We resume here the guidelines about sample processing and transport for laboratory tests. All the steps of the pre-examination phase process, downstream to the recording of the requests, are described in this document. The purpose is to assure a secure and optimal sample management. The traceability of all the steps ...

Because of its complex nature, surgical pathology diagnosis has an appreciable degree of fallibility and is increasingly subject to legal scrutiny. In litigation, the first practical step is to explain why and how this adversity could happen, and the second is the question of apportionment of responsibility and its legal ...

ICU teams have the difficult emotional burden of continuing complex life-sustaining therapy beyond the limits of what is felt to be reasonable. Among the reasons leading to a delay in the withdrawal of intensive therapy is the unwillingness or unpreparedness of the team or family members, or inadequate laws. We ...

AIMS: This investigation examined the current practice of tooth whitening carried out by a sample of dentists and beauty therapists from Portsmouth in the context of the relevant law. METHODS: A random sample of dentists and all beauty salons in Portsmouth were invited to respond to two postal questionnaires, one ...

The forceful pursuit of inner-city renewal in Shanghai since the early 1990s has to a great extent achieved spatial modernization, but at the same time it has given rise to increasing conflicts over residential relocation. Using law as a prism through which to examine the dialectic relationship between renewal practices ...

In Japan, for medicines we have the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law and for food the Food Sanitation Law, these two being applied appropriately for security management. The range of test data needed to be obtained by examination is prescribed by the laws, and each test method is notified in the form ...

This article provides summaries of the four presentations made during this panel. Tenu Avafia describes the evolution of international agreements concerning intellectual property rights, which formed the basis of Canada's Access to Medicines Regime (CAMR). Cailin Morrison describes how the CAMR works, outlines the limitations of the CAMR, and discusses ...

Some consider the terms "forensic" and "legal" medicine to be synonymous but this is counter to the title of the Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine or the dual strands for progression to fellowship of the Australian College of Legal Medicine. The paper examines a very brief historical background to ...

Many communities throughout the world, especially in the United States and Israel, contain large populations of religiously observant Jews. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive, descriptive guide to specific laws, customs, and practices of traditionally, religious observant Jews for the culturally sensitive management of labor, delivery, ...

There is no doubt that in today's practice of emergency medicine it is imperative to be familiar with how the law relates to administrative and clinical practice. It is my pleasure to announce, as section editor, the new Legal Medicine section of the Western Journal of Emergency Medicine. It is ...

Perioperative practitioners encounter consent issues constantly in their practice, both in terms of the main procedure listed and procedures they will undertake personally to enable the main procedure to be carried out safely. The law on consent has previously been governed by case (common) law but is now also partly ...

The department manager must be familiar with a few specific features of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), specifically those addressing the differences between exempt (salaried) employees and nonexempt (hourly) employees and the payment of overtime. The FLSA is the most frequently violated law relating to employment, and most department ...

There is no doubt that medicinal products are under strict control and regulation with the aim of protecting the consumers and hence promoting public health. However, there have been incidences in Nigeria where the use of some of these products have resulted to injury and even death. And in view ...

The issues of persons conceived as a result of donated gametes having access to genetic information concerning "their" donor remains controversial. New Zealand enacted legislation in 2004 giving offspring the right to learn the identity of the donor when they had reached the age of 18. This legislation followed changes ...

At what point does an international telemedicine transaction create a sufficient commercial nexus to allow one country the authority to impose its laws on a foreign telemedicine providers? Some light on this matter was shed by the US case of Hageseth versus Superior Court. The authority for extraterritorial jurisdiction is ...

To the consternation of many physicians, the modern law of informed consent imposes certain constraints on their actions, not least that they respect patients' decisions to redefine at will the scope of care. The consequences of this transfer of power are often a nuisance and occasionally fatal, but always a ...

The successful practice of hospice and palliative medicine requires basic knowledge of its medicolegal aspects. In this paper, we review several recent legal cases that highlight important, evolving legal issues in palliative medicine. These issues include efforts to change to advance directive laws after the Schiavo conflict, the Attorney General's ...

In the practice of psychosomatic medicine, the psychiatric consultant is likely to be confronted with questions at the interface of psychiatry and law. These issues generally emerge around questions of confidentiality and exceptions to confidentiality, assessments of a patient's ability to consent to and refuse treatment, and concerns about malpractice ...

With the advent of molecular biology, genomics, and proteomics, the intersection between science and law has become increasingly significant. In addition to the ethical and legal concerns surrounding the collection, storage, and use of genomic data, patent disputes for new biotechnologies are quickly becoming part of mainstream business discussions. Under ...

BACKGROUND: A critical analysis was made of cucurbit descriptions in Dioscorides' De Materia Medica, Columella's De Re Rustica and Pliny's Historia Naturalis, works on medicine, agriculture and natural science of the 1st century ce, as well as the Mishna and Tosefta, compilations of rabbinic law derived from the same time ...

Alternative medicinal systems like Ayurveda and homeopathy are respected and legitimate sciences. The former was born in India. Colleges abound in this country churning out tens of thousands of graduates of these fields. It is ironic that a large number of them pratice allopathic general practice instead of, or along ...

When students suggest sentences for criminal offenders, do they rely more heavily on the harmfulness or on the wrongfulness of the offender's conduct? In Study 1, 116 Princeton University undergraduates rated the harmfulness and wrongfulness of, and suggested appropriate sentences for, a series of crimes. As expected, participants emphasized wrongfulness ...

Emerging genetic and molecular technologies are revolutionizing our understanding of the relationship between genes and the environment. This Article develops an innovative framework for understanding the implications of the genomic revolution for the law of toxic torts. Professor Grodsky demonstrates how new technologies are poised to challenge longstanding distinctions between ...

The interface of medicine and law highlights the difference between doctors and lawyers. It is the doctor's role to determine his or her adversary (diagnosing an illness) and to decide the optimal means for overcoming same, such that the doctor assumes the role which is analogous to not only the ...

This brief commentary compares the law relating unfitness to plead in England and Wales with that of competency to stand trial, as reflected in the AAPL Practice Guideline. In so doing, it presents the argument that English law, with its adherence to a test of unfitness that goes back to ...

In addition to many other compliance areas a physician practice administrator must oversee, attention to employment law issues can minimize risk, as well as improve employee relations and morale. Wage/hour compliance should be at the top of an administrator's employment law to-do list. This article reviews the most common mistakes ...

Ayahuasca is a tea made from two plants native to the Amazon, Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis, which, respectively, contain the psychoactive chemicals harmala alkaloids and dimethyltryptamine. The tea has been used by indigenous peoples in countries such as Brazil, Ecuador and Peru for medicinal, spiritual and cultural purposes since ...

In a developmental center, a preemployment chest x-ray was required for all job applicants. We scrutinized the pros and cons of this practice through a review of the medical literature and our experience, and discussion with our colleagues. We concluded that such chest x-ray caused unwarranted radiation exposure, did not ...

Over the past few decades, transfusion medicine and haemotherapy have evolved into complex medical disciplines comprising a broad field of subspecialties such as immunohaematology, blood component production, haemapheresis and haemostaseology. Transfusion medicine is thus an important qualification at the interfaces of analytical laboratory medicine, pharmaceutical production and clinical disciplines such ...

In Italy the diagnostic and therapeutic radiology practice is regulated by special laws, which are changed acting in accordance with EURATOM directive so that other specialists can use radiological instrument, such as orthopedic surgeons and cardilogists do. Medical and technological progress enables vascular surgeons to choose other treatments alternative to ...

Garlic products are marketed in the European Union (EU) as foodstuffs and as herbal medicinal products. All EU countries have garlic foodstuffs on their markets. In contrast, garlic medicinal products are available only in a limited number of EU member states. This difference is due to discrepancies among the national ...

Of the twenty nine anatomy professors in the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, primus inter pares is Abraham Colles. In his 1811 book A Treatise on Surgical Anatomy he revolutionised the subject by teaching it topographically, seeking "to describe the relative position of the parts and to point out ...

This paper estimated the effects of tort law and insurer investment returns on physician malpractice insurance premiums. Data were collected on tort law from 1991 through 2004, and multivariate regression models, including fixed effects for state and year, were used to estimate the effect of changes in tort law on ...

The legal duty of a psychiatrist or psychotherapist to warn an identifiable victim of a patient's serious threat of harm has been well recognized in U.S. jurisprudence and clinical practice since the Tarasoff decision of the Supreme Court of California in 1976. Warning practices vary over a spectrum ranging from ...

The unique properties of nanocomposites have seen them creating the next revolution in materials science. Their quantal properties as a result of their size have given them unique physical characteristics, previously not possible because of classical physical laws. There is now evidence that these may also extend into the world ...

As in any other industry, laws and regulations significantly impact the functioning of the healthcare industry. Some laws, such as those relating to malpractice and social insurance systems, affect the manner in which the industry operates. Other laws, such as those regulating antitrust and employment practices, affect the organization and ...

In the healthcare industry, the rules of regulation and competition often collide. Despite the view of Medicine as a "learned profession", it is clear that physicians will be subject to the same legal restrictions against sharing price information as those in place for any other industry. Thus, the relevant provisions ...

After only about a year of law practice, Abraham Lincoln participated in his first murder trial. Dr. Jacob M. Early was shot and killed in a bitter political imbroglio. Lincoln joined a defense team of highly accomplished litigators. Despite his having the least legal experience, he was selected to give ...

The Fisheries Act Commencement: 25th August, 1989 An Act of Parliament to provide for the development, management, exploitation, utilisation and conservation of fisheries and for connected purposes

On the heels of widespread patient protection legislation in the states, the managed care industry abandoned or greatly scaled back the core elements of gate-keeping, utilization management, and financial incentives, which are the very targets of this legislation. This article explores whether, and to what extent, the industry's abrupt change ...

Obsolescence of environmental laws and regulations is unavoidable, and policies dealing with endangered species and ecosystem conservation often lag decades behind the relevant science. For example, endangered species laws and regulations and other conservation statutes typically fail to consider the interactions of strongly interacting species, probably because the importance of ...

In recent years there have been a number of malpractice suits based on lack of consent or inadequate consent from the patient for the procedure used in treatment. This is a particularly dangerous suit for the doctor since the burden of proof lies on the doctor. Furthermore since the suit ...

The increasing number of traffic accidents connected with rapid development of motorization makes us think of their causes. Regulations by law binding in Poland demand traffic users to be checked up on the presence of agents similar ethyl alcohol. Commonly abused medicines, especially sedative and psychotropic but also hypnotic and ...

Forensic medicine deals with the interactions of medical science with the law. All branches of medicine can play a role in dealing with medico-legal problems. Clinical and forensic evaluators need to be able to recognize variations of symptoms or syndromes that "don't read the textbooks". Atypical presentations of dizziness or ...

The physicians of today and tomorrow face the most daunting set of regulations ever imposed on the practice of medicine. Through the passage of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), the federal government has thrust its regulatory authority into three of the most controversial and cutting-edge ...

Not even forensic pathologists were spared by the anti-Jewish laws of the Third Reich. Fritz Strassmann and Paul Fraenckel were among more than 140 faculty of the Berlin Department of Medicine persecuted by the national socialist dictatorship. It was because of their Jewish background that Georg Strassmann was expelled from ...

As long ago as 400 BC, Hippocrates and his followers recognized that someone must oversee the practice of medicine and impose effective consequences when practice proves substandard. This article focuses primarily upon negligence law, trends toward using imaging in criminal cases and the intersection between the law and controversial, cutting-edge ...