Background: How addicts manage their funds can be understood from the studies of impulsive spending, contingency management, self-reported expenditures, behavioral economics, and anthropology. Objective: To show how these differing perspectives can provide theoretical explanations for substance abuse, they were applied to the question of when extra "windfall" funds are spent ...

Background: There remains a long-standing argument regarding the need for money management strategies to control poor spending habits among people with substance use disorders. Objective: The objective was to review issues relevant to the design and implementation of money-management-based interventions for substance abuse. Methods: Using a comparative, cross-cultural framework of ...

Whereas shrines in Africa, and to a lesser extent their links with medicine and healing, have been extensively studied by historians and anthropologists, they have been largely neglected by archaeologists. Focus has been placed upon palaeopathology when medicine is considered in archaeological contexts. Difficulties certainly exist in defining medicine shrines, ...

This article discusses the management of the facial gingival margin before and after tooth removal. Important factors including diagnostic assessment, wound healing, bone resorption and remodeling, gingival thickness, and gingival margin are reviewed, and key procedures suggested. Gingival thickness can have a major influence on the maintenance of the facial ...

Abstract The arrival of the novel agents thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide has significantly changed our approach to the management of multiple myeloma and, importantly, patient outcomes have improved. These agents have been investigated intensively in different treatment settings, providing us with data to make evidence-based decisions regarding the optimal management ...

The advent of the biological era has seen many improvements in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These agents, however, are not a ubiquitous panacea as they are neither universally available nor are they universally efficacious in the short or long-term. There is, therefore, still a need for other ...

Eczema is a chronic relapsing atopic dermatitis (AD) associated with pruritus, sleep disturbance and poor quality of life of the patient. Treatment of eczema includes use of emollient, topical and systemic antimicrobial agents, corticosteroid or immunomodulating agents. Many patients also seek alternative treatments such as dietary avoidance, supplementation or both. ...

I still remember my first book on statistics: "Elementary statistics with applications in medicine and the biological sciences" by Frederick E. Croxton. For me, it has been the start of pursuing understanding statistics in daily life and in medical practice. It was the first volume in a long row of ...

Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a common clinical condition usually associated with exposed dentinal surfaces. It can affect patients of any age group and most commonly affects the canines and premolars of both the arches. This article concisely reviews the patho-physiology, mechanism and clinical management of the DH. Treatment of DH ...

Participating in a conference poster session is an effective way to share information about clinical practice. This column offers some practical tips to help with the process of developing a visually appealing and informative poster.

Spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) is a common medical condition but continues to be a frequent management problem among doctors. Despite the availability of guidelines on management of SP, studies have shown that the compliance with the guidelines is low. The various treatment options available in treating this condition further confuse doctors ...

The ending of therapy is a crucial time for speech-language pathologists and can impact on their sense of achievement and satisfaction. Drawing on literature from psychotherapy, social work and rehabilitation as well as from the area of aphasia therapy, this paper explores how speech-language pathologists juggle the tensions of coping ...

This research aims to understand the prevalence of religious slaughter practices in Italy. Two different ways of slaughtering animals are identified. Conventional slaughter is performed with prior stunning; kosher slaughter is practiced without stunning. Halal slaughter is performed for most animals without stunning. Halal slaughter with prior stunning is acceptable ...

Over the past twenty years, there has been considerable interest in individuals' experience of chronic illness. In addition to the more established concerns of medical sociology, recent policy reflects an interest in how individuals manage their condition. Using material from qualitative interviews with 23 individuals carried out in the United ...

Positivity, or the experimental treatment assignment assumption, requires that there be both exposed and unexposed participants at every combination of the values of the observed confounders in the population under study. Positivity is essential for inference but is often overlooked in practice by epidemiologists. This issue of the Journal includes ...

The objective of this paper is to highlight the dimensions characterising the socialisation process in a crisis context. Based on the definition of organisational socialisation advanced by Van Maanen and Schein (1979) and employed later by Jones (1986), a crisis is presented as a passage from a 'normal' situation to ...

Of all the things managers perform to develop employees, many people believe the most important one is leadership. Leadership is defined as using skills, experience, and direction to help someone improve their performance. Leadership consists primarily of giving people feedback to reinforce what they do well while suggesting ways and ...

We often think of Tokugawa Japan as a closed society. As represented by Hiraga Gennai - one of the most colourfully inventive figures of his age - we see that domestic and imported knowledge and skill were put to work there in carefully managed ways to achieve domestic peace and ...

Translational research requires basic innovation and development, an infrastructure for deployment to the experimental clinical arena and a distribution system to connect patients to innovation. The University of Minnesota cardiovascular program led the way in translational medicine after World War II. Subsequently, it briefly lost its way. Learning from the ...

The Sackler Colloquium entitled "Nanomaterials in Biology and Medicine: Promises and Perils" was held on April 10-11, 2007. We have been able to assemble a representative sampling of 17 of the invited talks ranging over the topics presented. Any new technology carries with it both a promise of transforming the ...

Lumbar ureteral benign stenosis can be managed by laparoscopy. Prevention of repeat strictures after ureteral anastomosis includes the placement of a ureteral catheter. When laparoscopy is used to perform the anastomosis, a second position is needed to insert the Double J stent. We provide a way to place the double ...

The objective of this paper was to study angling from September, 2002 to September, 2004 in the Lobo-Broa Reservoir, Itirapina, SP (22 degrees 15' S and 47 degrees 49' W). Interviews (total 1,027) with sport fishers were accomplished in the three main fishing sites (Horto, Píer and Praia). This fishing ...

Archibald Watson was an Australian anatomist and surgeon who kept operating theater diaries. He made detailed notes on the work of surgeons that he observed in Britain and North America, as well as in Australia. Watson's diaries provide significant evidence that early twentieth-century surgeons did not just apply scientific knowledge ...

Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) are being procured and used in increasing numbers. However, the resultant effect of RDT-based diagnosis on fever management has been limited by lack of confidence in RDT results or the inability to act on results appropriately. If the utilisation of malaria RDTs is going to ...

Every busy professional needs support in the form of a well-trained assistant. In many practice settings, pharmacy technicians have assumed greater responsibilities and are vital in pharmacy practice, freeing pharmacists to concentrate on clinical care concerns. In many ways, the history of the pharmacy technician movement parallels that of pharmacists ...

The standard notion is that biomedicine and religious healing are two completely different practices in modern Western societies. In this article, this notion is questioned by comparing in the Netherlands one practice of religious healing, namely the 'Services of salvation and healing' of the Pentecostal Levensstroom gemeente (Livingstream Church) of ...

The uses of thermoacoustic effect are the conversion of heat onto acoustic wave by thermoacoustic prime mover and pumping heat by acoustic wave using a thermoacoustic refrigerator. Thermoacoustic refrigerator is a good alternative to conventional vapor compression device. It can be very compact, using a minimum of uncomplicated, economical components. ...

In 1989, the recognition by our group at UCLA that nitric oxide was indeed the chemical mediator of penile erection turned out to have major influences on our society and on some of those who participated in this research. Not only did it ultimately lead to the development of drugs ...

This article examines homeopathic practitioners 'real life' accounts, and illustrates the ways in which they negotiate their homeopathic practices as contingently formulated ongoing social events in research interview settings. Interview transcripts were analysed in a qualitative framework using discourse analysis. The findings show that practitioners construct homeopathy and defend their ...

Normal and abnormal levels of human participation in ecosystems can be revealed through the use of macro-ecological patterns. Such patterns also provide consistent and objective guidance that will lead to achieving and maintaining ecosystem health and sustainability. This paper focuses on the consistency of this type of guidance and management. ...

In the experiments effectuated in 2007, at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania, in a "Venlo" type greenhouse, the fructification managing and fertilization of medium-long fruit cucumbers was studied. During the experiment, observations regarding early and total yield as well as fruit commercial quality have been ...

Mount McKinley, or Denali, is the tallest mountain in North America and attracts over 1,000 climbers annually from around the world. Since Denali is located within a national park, the National Park Service (NPS) manages mountaineering activities and attempts to maintain a balance of an adventurous experience while promoting safety. ...

Acupuncture, a method of traditional Chinese medicine that uses Back-Shu and Huatuo-Jiaji points, is especially effective for treating diseases of the visceral organs. Applying acupuncture on Back-Shu points affects visceral organs in many ways. For example, it dilates the bronchus, affects the heartbeat, stomach motility, urinary bladder contractions and so ...

The particles used in radiation therapy are part of a larger universe of particles discovered by experimental physicists. May of these particles are themselves composed of particles. Understanding the way particles interact, and the forces underlying their interactions, is basic to the quest to understand the universe. High-energy physics studies ...

The Twentieth European Conference on Philosophy of Medicine and Health Care was held in Helsinki, Finland, in August 2006 and highlighted the theme "Medicine, Philosophy and the Humanities." The four papers in this thematic section are developed from presentations made at that conference. They are the work of physicians and ...

Bowen, using the concept of differentiation, hypothesized that the way individuals learn to deal with their relationships with families of origin will influence the way they manage their relationships with their partners. This study surveyed a group of 53 lesbian couples on differentiation of self, internalized homophobia, and relationship satisfaction. ...

My cousin Ernest was born into an Anglo-Irish Protestant family on 15 February 1874. My Quaker grandmother was his second cousin. Shackleton did not follow his father into medicine, but went to sea at the age of 16, and accompanied Scott to the Antarctic on the Discovery expedition in 1902. ...

Many physicians will be spending three to four decades in the practice of medicine, and often they have nothing to show for these years of hard work when they decide to "take their shingle down. "It is not uncommon for a doctor to retire, give his or her charts away ...

Managing a department is a team effort, not a solo one. Your team must be engaged and feel a sense of ownership in day-to-day operations, not just patient care. Goals must be both attainable and measurable in order to be effective. Team members are, and should, be held accountable for ...

The internet is increasingly being used to distribute knowledge in medicine in novel and unconventional ways. In this article, we give a brief introduction into the website www.derm101.com, which was founded by A. B. Ackerman for the purpose of teaching dermatology and dermatopathology. A clinical atlas, online books such as ...

The past and present published studies reaffirm that nongonadal LH and hCG actions are real and here to stay. These actions have led to a better understanding of the biology of the hormones and more importantly begin to pave the way for novel therapies in reproductive medicine and in other ...

Practice and law around informed consent in healthcare have undergone a revolution for the better over recent decades. However the way we obtain informed consent remains problematic and is imbued with irreducible but not ineliminable uncertainty. The reasons for this uncertainty are varied. The uncertainty is partly due to the ...

This article looks at medical approaches to women's fertility in Argentina in the 1930s and explores the ways in which eugenics encouraged the reproduction of the fit and attempted to avoid the reproduction of the unfit. The analysis concentrates on three main aspects: biotypology (the scientific classification of bodies), endocrine ...

BACKGROUND: The impact of speech therapists' conceptual frameworks on their clinical methods tends to be ignored or taken for granted by today's practitioners. One way to show the importance of such frameworks is to study how they were used previously. John Thelwall, a 19th-century elocutionist, offers a rich source for ...

The author suggests a distinction between what is descriptively named après-coup, and what is dynamically identified as après-coup. This parallels Freud's distinction between the descriptive unconscious and the dynamic unconscious in the topographical model of the mind. The descriptive après-coup refers to the way in which the concept has found ...

Albrecht Ludwig Berblinger (1770-1829), known as the "Flying Tailor of Ulm", started with flight experiments in Ulm, Germany, in the early 19th century. He gained experience in downhill gliding with a maneuverable airworthy semi-rigid hang-glider and then attempted to cross the Danube River at Ulm's Eagle's Bastion on the 31st ...

Uninsured patients and those receiving Medicaid make up a smaller fraction of dermatology practices (5%) than would be predicted by their prevalence in the population (27%). We illustrate the ways in which insurance acceptance patterns and practice composition vary by the age, gender, practice type, and geographic location of the ...

The pharmaceutical industry is in crisis owing to spiralling costs and a lack of new product launches. It is said that expensive investments in technology have not paid off. But is this really true? In this review, we explore some of the recent medicines that were, or are being, brought ...

Physicians' practices constantly seek to improve their cash flow by better managing their accounts receivable. While one "best" method to make this happen does not exist, practices ofall types and sizes can adopt a number of simple and sensible procedures to help maximize collections--and the earlier a practice begins the ...

After graduating from Harvard Business School with highest honors, Jane rapidly moved up the corporate ladder at a large advertising firm, racking up promotions and responsibilities along the way. By the time she became the company's creative director, she was, in everyone's estimation, an A player--one of the organization's most ...