Abstract Background: The need for doctors who have skills in pain management and palliative medicine is greatest in low and moderate resource countries where patients most frequently present to their health care system with advanced illness and greater than 80% of the global deaths occur. While medical students trained in ...

Biographies of medieval English doctors are uncommon and fragmentary. The two best-known English medieval physicians were Gilbertus Anglicus and John of Gaddesden. This paper brings together the known details of their lives, compiled from extant biographies and from internal references in their texts. The primary records of their writings exist ...

The future of veterinary medicine is best understood in the context of history. What began as a profession rooted in urban centers in proximity to horses, physicians, and medical schools, was transformed into a land grant-based agricultural profession with the arrival of the internal combustion engine in the early twentieth ...

To prove the hypothesis that procedural knowledge might be tested using Key Feature (KF) questions in written exams, the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation (TiHo) pioneered this format in summative assessment of veterinary medicine students. Exams in veterinary medicine are either tested orally, practically, in written form or digitally ...

ON THE COVER: Gross anatomy lecture c. 1888 delivered by Joseph Leidy, M.D., LL.D., (1823-1891), Professor of Anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Leidy, a founder and first president (1899-1889) of the American Association of Anatomists, received a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1844 ...

The availability of portable ultrasound devices is changing the approach to the diagnosis and management of shock by offering timely diagnosis and acting to guide therapy. Goal-directed echocardiography (GDE) can be performed well by noncardiologists and consists of a limited number of standard cardiac views: parasternal long axis, parasternal short ...

To determine the impact of an advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) to develop skills needed to apply an evidence-based approach to population-level practice decisions. A 4-week evidence-based medicine APPE was implemented that included active-learning techniques and online learning modules, participation in state drug-policy committee meetings, and completion of an evidence-based ...

John Alexander Lindsay was born at Fintona, county Tyrone in 1856, and at the age of 23 he graduated in medicine at the Royal University of Ireland. After two years in London and Europe he returned to Belfast to join the staff at the Royal Victoria Hospital and in 1899 ...

Practices contemplating the Patient-Centered Medical Home recognition process are confronted with an arduous task. Perhaps the most palpable constraints are time management combined with staff allocation decisions. Outside consultants can be expensive and disruptive to practice flow. Collaborating with a local college or university's healthcare management or other health career ...

The one-year Diploma in Anaesthetics (DA) was the first postgraduate programme offered by the then Faculty of Medicine of The University of the West Indies (UWI). It was instituted in 1966, when the need for trained physician anaesthetists became paramount. Over 200 physicians have been awarded the DA which was ...

Department of Family medicine has been formed in academic year 2002/2003, few years later after the foundation of the School of Medicine University of Mostar. The formal members of department are professor and assistants who lecture and lead seminars. In addition, physicians in rural practices contribute to teaching of family ...

The LR has the potential to be a valuable tool to mitigate uncertainty in the diagnostic process for clinicians in any area of medicine. With more and more LRs being published in the literature and the ready availability of the likelihood nomogram, there has never been a better time to ...

Adding a project management credential to their professional arsenal opens HIM professionals to new opportunities both within their facilities and in a range of nonprovider settings.

The University of Louisville School of Medicine Trover Campus (ULTC) was established in rural west Kentucky in 1998 with the purpose of increasing the number of rural physicians. Utilizing the affinity model, a primary goal of the ULTC is to encourage rural students to pursue a medical education and return ...

Identify the most important factors associated with choosing rural medical practice. Cross-sectional design using a web survey to collect quantitative and qualitative data. One hundred and ninety junior doctors--91 interns, 99 PGY2. Choice of practice location (urban/rural), reason for choosing location, enticement to a rural location. Twenty-seven per cent of ...

We sought to understand the motivations and barriers for recruitment of new emergency medicine residency graduates to rural emergency departments (EDs). We used the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile to identify 2006 to 2008 emergency medicine residency graduates and then surveyed everyone currently practicing in rural EDs and a random ...

Although burn disaster is not a frequent event, with urbanisation and industrialisation, burn disaster is becoming an emerging problem in Bangladesh. On 3 June 2010, a fire disaster killed 124 people in Neemtali, Dhaka, Bangladesh. This paper narrates the management of burn patients of this disaster in the burn unit ...

This study examined the interaction effects of the amount of practice and the cane technique used in drop-off detection with a sample of 32 adults who were blind. The advantage of the constant contact technique over the two-point touch technique was significantly greater for the less experienced cane users than ...

Currently Canadians living in rural communities tend to have a poorer health status than those living in urban settings. This is contributed to by the shortage of health professionals choosing work in rural and remote areas. Over the past decade there has been much research into the recruitment and retention ...

Living and practicing psychology in a small, rural community has opportunities and challenges. We describe the context of rural communities and identify several of those challenges and opportunities. A case study demonstrates the influence of multigenerational involvement, complex professional and social situations, and the potential difficulties facing the responsible clinician. ...

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with veterinarians leaving a career in rural veterinary practice (RVP). DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Veterinarians from the United States who no longer worked in RVP. PROCEDURES: Veterinarians in any area of practice were solicited to participate in an online survey through invitation letters ...

INTRODUCTION: A large of amount of literature exists on the factors that influence the recruitment and retention of rural general practitioners (GPs) in Australia and other countries. The selection of a rural practice location is known to be influenced by professional, personal and family, community and economic factors. Most of ...

In 2003, China launched the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) as a form of health insurance for rural areas. Counties play an important part in the management of the system, raising issues over the capacity of local government to manage complex health insurance systems. This paper examines the extent and ...

This study attempted to determine if there were identifiable trends in where surgeons moved from and to over time. Physicians, including surgeons, change the location of their practices over their careers. If this movement follows economic theory that surgeons, like most professionals, seek better economic opportunities, then their movements should ...

The practice of rural and remote medicine in Australia entails many challenges, including a broad casemix and the remoteness of specialist support. Many rural practitioners employ advanced procedural skills in anaesthetics, surgery, obstetrics and emergency medicine, but the use of these skills has been declining over the last 20 years. ...

CONTEXT: Recruiting and retaining physicians is a challenge in rural areas. Growing up in a rural area and completing medical training in a rural area have been shown to predict decisions to practice in rural areas. Little is known, though, about factors that contribute to physicians' decisions to locate in ...

This exploratory study assessed the self-management learning needs, experiences, and perspectives of COPD patients treated at a Certified Federal Rural Health Clinic to inform the development of a COPD self-management DVD. A purposive, homogeneous sample of COPD patients participated in focus group interviews. Data from these interviews were referenced to ...

BACKGROUND: With the influx of Australian medical graduates into the workforce, new clinical prevocational training rotations within general practice need to be developed. This study describes the relationship between general practitioner teachers' interest in hosting junior doctor rotations, and general practice characteristics including rural location, size and infrastructure. METHOD: All ...

The study aimed to quantify the preferences of young physicians for different attributes relevant to practice establishment in Germany. Qualitative in-depth interviews of 22 physicians were conducted to identify relevant practice attributes. Based on this information, a questionnaire was developed containing a discrete choice experiment comprised of a "best-worst scaling" ...

Diagnostic practice style describes the ways in which physicians diagnose information about disease. Like practice style effects in general, diagnostic practice style effects may emerge as the result of training, inter-personal relationships between professionals, medical enthusiasm for particular diagnoses and patient-physician interactions. In this study we analyze the ways in ...

Since 1995, the Cuban Sports Medicine Institute has integrated natural and traditional medicine (NTM, also known in the United States as Complementary and Alternative Medicine or CAM) into its array of prevention techniques and rehabilitation therapies for Cuban athletes. Incorporating NTM into conventional medical practice-both for the Institute and the ...

Vaginal practices, such as intra-vaginal cleansing, drying and tightening, are suspected of placing women at higher risk of acquiring HIV and STIs. Yet, there is limited understanding of what these practices entail, what motivates women to undertake them and what their socio-cultural and historical meanings are. This paper explores the ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare counselling provided by community pharmacists in Australian metropolitan and rural pharmacies. METHODS: Mail surveys to 650 randomly selected New South Wales (NSW) community pharmacies [385 (59%) metropolitan, 265 (41%)] rural were conducted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The rates of verbal and written prescription medicine information and ...

This study presents an assessment of a unique exploitation of a peri-urban mangrove. The diversity of respondents, spread over wide areas, some with no apparent links with the ecosystem, coupled with legal and illegal resource exploitation, in the midst of inadequate but punitive enforcement meted on impoverished communities, pose significant ...

Livelihood in the rural areas is intrinsically tied to the natural environment. The rural environment is also incidentally the most natural and most suitable for the protection of both fauna and flora diversities. In Africa, the interrelationship between the environment and rural dwellers represent a major challenge to the successful ...

There is new and increasing emphasis on the contribution of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) to improving the livelihoods of rural communities and therefore the need for sustainable management of forest ecosystems of the Miombo woodlands to ensure the continued availability of these NTFPs. This paper examines and reviews some of ...

A rural pharmacy initiative (RPI) designed to increase access to medicines in rural Kyrgyzstan created a network of 12 pharmacies using a revolving drug fund mechanism in 12 villages where no pharmacies previously existed. The objective of this study was to determine if the establishment of the RPI resulted in ...

Tuberculosis is prevailing in both urban and rural areas of Pakistan. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of private practitioners (PPs) regarding tuberculosis management have been reported only in urban areas of Pakistan. This survey was conducted for the first time in a rural area of Sindh, Pakistan. This survey was ...

Although rural medicine interest groups (RMIGs) are prevalent in Canadian medical schools, there is little research on their contribution to rural education, training and careers. We explored 2 broad questions by means of an electronic survey to people who were RMIG participants at McMaster University from 2002 to 2007: 1) ...

The objective of this project was to achieve high, sustainable levels of net coverage in a village in rural Tanzania by combining free distribution of long-lasting insecticide-impregnated nets (LLINs) with community-tailored education. In Tanzania, malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Although malaria bed nets have a well-established ...

Ecotourism is widely promoted as a conservation tool and actively practiced in protected areas worldwide. Theoretically, support for conservation from the various types of stakeholder inside and outside protected areas is maximized if stakeholders benefit proportionally to the opportunity costs they bear. The disproportional benefit distribution among stakeholders can erode ...

It is well-known that every health problem, not only presents itself with different epidemiological profiles in different population settings, but is also perceived and managed differently. Having knowledge of these variations in its presentations and perceptions in different population settings, for example, in urban and rural settings, will be useful ...

Physician distribution nationally and in Texas trends away from rural toward more urban areas. Consequently, access to health care in rural areas is adversely affected. The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB) Family Medicine Residency established a rural training track (RTT) in 2000 to combat this trend. This ...

Two experiments investigated the relationship between perceptual experience (during practice) and posttest improvements in perceptual accuracy and consistency. Experiment 1 investigated the potential relationship between how often knowledge of results (KR) is provided during a practice session and posttest improvements in perceptual accuracy. Experiment 2 investigated the potential relationship between ...

OBJECTIVE: This exploratory study serves as a starting point to establish a psychobiological profile for rural GPs. The overall aim is to describe how individual levels and combinations of temperament (mildly heritable) and character (influenced by sociocultural learning) traits allow GPs to flourish or fail in rural medicine. DESIGN: In ...

We studied the perceptions of primary care providers (PCPs) about the telemedicine intervention in a trial of telemedicine for management of diabetes in medically under-served areas of New York State. A survey was mailed to 206 rural and 159 urban PCPs. The response rates were 25% and 22%, respectively. Eighty ...

CONTEXT: Small towns across the United States struggle to maintain an adequate primary care workforce. PURPOSE: To examine factors contributing to physician satisfaction and retention in largely rural areas in Massachusetts, a state with rural pockets and small towns. METHODS: A survey mailed in 2004-2005 to primary care physicians, practicing ...

Prenatal diagnosis of fetal chromosomal abnormalities is the most common indication for invasive prenatal testing. The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in clinically recognized early pregnancy loss is greater than 50%(1). Fetuses with aneuploidy account for 6-11% of all still births and neonatal deaths(2). Chromosomal abnormalities that are compatible with life ...

OBJECTIVE: This paper repositions the challenge of attracting and retaining rural GPs in a marketing context as a new focus for future research and policy development. DESIGN: Case study with mixed design of surveys of GPs and medical students and depth interviews with GPs, medical students, regional-division administrators and GP ...

As India shines in its enviable achievements, one after the other in rapid succession, it also invites criticism from visitors for what they witness. It is imperative to delve deeper to fathom the realities of the predominantly rural India with its poverty and lack of awareness which are stumbling blocks ...