Brain metastases represent a significant healthcare problem. It is estimated that 20% to 40% of patients with cancer will develop metastatic cancer to the brain during the course of their illness. The burden of brain metastases impacts on quality and length of survival. Presenting symptoms include headache (49%), focal weakness ...

The objective of present study was to classify oral mucositis according to the Common Toxicity Criterion (CTC) international parameters in head and neck tumor patients simultaneously treated with radio and chemotherapy, and characterize a patient profile in our area, observing the individuals' habits, tumor characteristics, treatment protocol and acute reaction ...

For heifers, beef and moderate-yielding dairy cows, fertilisation generally exceeds 90%. In high-producing dairy cows, it may be lower and possibly more variable. The major component of embryo loss occurs before Day 16 following breeding, with emerging evidence of greater losses before Day 8 in high-producing dairy cows. Late embryo ...

PURPOSE:: Patients with cancer of any origin with preexisting diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk for all-cause mortality compared with those without DM. However, the influence of DM on biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS), cause-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) has not been clearly defined for men with clinically ...

ASCO produced the 2011 Focused Update based on phase III randomized clinical trials published on maintenance chemotherapy, addressing one question from the 2009 Guideline Update on chemotherapy for stage IV NSCLC: what is the optimal duration of first-line chemotherapy for stage IV NSCLC?

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is common in CF and associated with more severe disease. It is unclear whether DM influences outcome of lung transplantation (LTx). METHODS: One hundred twenty-three CF patients evaluated for LTx at our centre were included. Survival was calculated. RESULTS: Patients with and without DM did not ...

OBJECTIVES: Congestive heart failure (CHF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are increasing in prevalence. There are conflicting data regarding the crosstalk of DM and CHF with respect to the prognostic impact for the patients. Health-related quality of life (Hr-QoL) has been reported to be useful for risk stratification. The purpose of ...

Studies that have analyzed survival between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis have showed heterogeneous outcomes for both techniques, and often confusing, also dependent on many factors. For this reason, it is necessary to know if there are real differences between the two treatments, to put the scientific evidence as a fundamental ...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are known risk factors for poor outcomes in patients with systemic malignancies but are not well-studied in the brain tumor population. In this study we asked if type 2 DM and elevated body mass index (BMI) are independent risk factors for poor prognosis ...

BACKGROUND: Recent observational studies have shown that metformin use in diabetic patients decreases both cancer incidence and mortality. Metformin use is also independently predictive of pathologic complete response. In the current study, the authors explored the association between metformin use and survival outcomes in patients with triple receptor-negative breast cancer ...

BACKGROUND:: Surgery is the only therapy with potentially curative intention in pancreatic cancer. This analysis aimed to determine prognostic parameters in a patient cohort with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a special focus on the revised R1-definition. METHODS:: Between October 2001 and August 2009, data from 1071 consecutively resected patients with ...

Primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) is an important treatment modality for men with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer and without bone metastasis. There is, however, a lack of data on the biochemical relapse (BR) outcomes in these patients. Here, we studied the outcome of a contemporary series of men ...

To compare the predicted outcome by radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) of patients actually treated with prostate brachytherapy (PB) for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, using a surgical nomogram. Data of consecutive patients treated with PB from the start of our program in 1998 to February 1, 2005 were extracted from ...

Goals of this study are to report the outcomes and tolerance of salvage radiotherapy (SRT) after prostatectomy, to identify risk factors for failure after SRT and to evaluate how these results compare with published results of immediate post-operative adjuvant radiotherapy (ART). Men receiving SRT for elevated PSA levels after radical ...

To evaluate the oncological outcomes of patients with specimen Gleason 8 and 9 prostate cancers and to determine factors that predict biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCRFS) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Of 4156 patients who underwent RARP from January 2001 to 2009, we identified 368 men with Gleason 8 or 9 ...

To determine the adequacy of T2 prostate cancer (PCa) sub-staging as an independent Predictor of biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS) after radical prostatectomy. The Duke Prostate Center database was queried for patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1988 and 2007 and had pT2 PCa, identifying 1990 cases. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence ...

Study Type - Prognostic (case series) Level of Evidence 4 What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Currently, controversy continues with regards to the efficacy of performing radical prostatectomy (RP) and the potential predictor of outcome after surgery in patients with prostate cancers of higher biopsy Gleason ...

Study Type - Therapy (outcomes research) Level of Evidence 2b • To determine oncological outcomes after high-intensity focused ultrasonography (HIFU) treatment in patients with localized prostate cancer using a new, more accurate, definition ('Stuttgart' definition) of biochemical failure. • We performed a retrospective review of all patients in our centre who received first-line ...

To assess pathological findings and oncological control afforded by radical prostatectomy (RP) in high-risk prostate cancers (PCa) at our institution. We performed a retrospective review of prostate cancer patients who underwent RP between 1995 and 2006 for a high-risk prostate cancer (i.e., PSA >20 or biopsy Gleason ≥8 or clinical ...

Study Type - Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4 What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Focality in prostate cancer has been characterized in the literature with regards to its incidence at the time of prostatectomy, but conflicting reports defining the biological significance of unifocal lesions ...

Background: Integrins mediate invasion and angiogenesis in prostate cancer bone metastases. We conducted a phase II study of Cilengitide, a selective antagonist of α(v)β(3) and α(v)β(5) integrins, in non-metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer with rising PSA. Methods: Patients were observed for 4 weeks with PSA monitoring, and then treated with 2,000 mg ...

To determine if the location and number of positive surgical margins (PSMs) after radical prostatectomy (RP) are associated with recurrence after salvage external beam radiation therapy (sEBRT). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 60 patients with PSMs who underwent three-dimensional conformal sEBRT for biochemical recurrence (BCR) or clinically detected ...

We report the long-term results of a prospective, Phase II study of long-term androgen deprivation (AD), pelvic radiotherapy (EBRT), permanent transperineal prostate brachytherapy boost (PB), and adjuvant docetaxel in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Eligibility included biopsy-proven prostate adenocarcinoma with the following: prostate-specific antigen (PSA) > 20 ng/ml; or Gleason ...

There is a discrepancy in reporting biochemical recurrence (BCR) rates in patients with positive surgical margins (PSM) after a radical prostatectomy (RP), ranging between 19 and 61%. Our aim was to identify the parameters that contribute to the absence of BCR in patients with PSM by performing a multivariate analysis. ...

Weekly paclitaxel, concurrent radiation, and androgen deprivation (ADT) were evaluated in patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PC) with or without prior prostatectomy (RP). Eligible post-RP patients included: pathological T3 disease, or rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≥0.5 ng/mL post-RP. Eligible locally advanced PC (LAPC) patients included: 1) cT2b-4N0N+, M0; 2) Gleason ...

Our aim was to present a summary of the 2010 version of the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of clinically localised cancer of the prostate (PCa). The working panel performed a literature review of the new data emerging from 2007 to 2010. The ...

OBJECTIVES:: Based on prospectively registered data from the Danish nationwide DANBIO database to investigate disease activity, treatment responses, drug survival and predictors thereof among patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) receiving their first treatment series with a tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha(TNFα)-inhibitor. METHODS:: Among PsA patients identified in DANBIO, clinical response (achievement of ACR20, ACR50, ...

Introduction: Prostate cancer with a Gleason score (GS) of 8-10 is linked to a higher risk of recurrence and progression. The aim of this paper is to evaluate treatment results of our high-risk patient cohort.Patients and Methods: The cohort of 42 patients with radical prostatectomy (RP) specimen histology GS 8-10 ...

Study Type - Therapy (outcomes research) Level of Evidence 2b What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Historically, surgeons were reluctant to perform radical prostatectomy (RP) in LN positive disease. Nowadays, a shift towards multimodal treatment strategies in such patients, comprising RP with extended lymph node dissection ...

In men with adverse pathology at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP), the most appropriate timing to administer radiotherapy (RT) remains a subject for debate. To determine whether salvage radiotherapy (SRT) upon early prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse is equivalent to immediate adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) post RP. 130 patients receiving ART ...

The aim of this study was to determine whether or not statins influence biochemical recurrence (BCR) in Korean patients undergoing surgical treatment for prostate cancer. We reviewed data from 687 men who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy and who did not receive neoadjuvant treatment. Of these patients, 87 reported the use ...

With widespread prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, there has been an increase in men diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer defined by a Gleason score (GS) ≥8 coupled with a relatively low PSA level. The optimal management of these patients has not been defined. Cause-specific survival (CSS), biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS), and ...

To analyze long-term outcome and prognostic factors for high-risk prostate cancer defined by National Comprehensive Cancer Network criteria treated with high-dose radiotherapy and androgen deprivation in a single institution. A total of 306 patients treated between 1995 and 2007 in a radiation dose-escalation program fulfilled the National Comprehensive Cancer Network ...

To correlate clinical low-risk prostate cancers with pathologic outcomes in men who are considered for active surveillance (AS), interstitial radiation therapy, or radical prostatectomy (RP). Clinical and pathologic data of 76 consecutive patients who underwent RP by a single surgeon between October 2001 and July 2008 were reviewed. The retrospective ...

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a new treatment modality for prostate cancer. The current study evaluates CyberKnife SBRT and reports toxicity and early Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) kinetics. From June 2006 to August 2009, 45 low-and intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients received Cyberknife SBRT of 35 Gy in five fractions with 95% ...

Study Type - Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4 What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Despite excellent surgical cancer control, up to 40% of patients will have biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy (RP) for localized prostate cancer. Positive surgical margins (PSM) have been clearly demonstrated ...

Study Type - Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4 What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Today, controversies continue with regards to the potential impact of obesity or increased body mass index (BMI) on actual pathological features of prostate cancer and/or clinical outcome after radical prostatectomy ...

OBJECTIVES:: The association of a change in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) with overall survival OS in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) receiving chemotherapy is unknown. We evaluated the association of changes in ALP within 90 days with OS in men with CRPC and bone metastases treated with docetaxel ...

BACKGROUND:: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) mediated signaling has been implicated in the growth of many tumor types including prostate cancer, and it is hypothesized that lowering circulating IGF levels in men with castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) will slow tumor growth. In this study, the efficacy of depot octreotide acetate ...

• To investigate the pathological characteristics and the rates of biochemical recurrence (BCR) -free survival after radical prostatectomy (RP) in men with high-risk prostate cancer. • Of 4760 patients treated with RP for prostate cancer at three institutions, 293 patients (6.2%) had clinical stage T3, 269 (5.7%) had a biopsy ...

OBJECTIVES:: To assess prostate-specific antigen response after definitive radiotherapy in a patient with localized Skene's gland adenocarcinoma resembling prostate adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: A 71-year-old patient was evaluated for a 2 year history of painless hematuria and found to have a localized Skene's gland adenocarcinoma resembling prostate adenocarcinoma with a ...

• To report outcomes for patients with localized prostate cancer managed using a watchful waiting strategy at an American centre and to explore factors that have triggered intervention. • From 1991 to 2005, 218 patients diagnosed with untreated localized prostate cancer were followed at Massachusetts General Hospital with prostate-specific antigen ...

There is a paucity of data on long-term oncologic outcomes for patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) for prostate cancer (PCa). To evaluate oncologic outcomes in patients undergoing RARP at a high-volume tertiary center, with a focus on 5-yr biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCRFS). The study cohort consisted of 1384 consecutive ...

The area under the curve of a single ketoconazole dose has been shown to decrease significantly when administered with acid suppressive therapy. No published studies have examined the clinical impact of concurrent ketoconazole and acid suppressive therapy in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). To evaluate the effect of acid ...

miR-21 has been recognized as an "onco-microRNA" with the activity of negatively modulating the expression of tumor-suppressor genes. However, its role in prostate cancer (CaP) has not been well-documented. We designed this study to assess the potential function of serum miR-21 in the progression of CaP. Serum samples of 56 ...

OBJECTIVES: Prostate cancer (CaP) cryosurgery utilizes PSA nadir level and radiotherapy criteria as surrogates for success. We attempted to correlate PSA doubling time (PSAdt) and time of undetectable PSA (TUPSA) with biopsy-proven cancer recurrence (BPR) in men treated with primary third-generation cryotherapy for clinically localized CaP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Demographic, ...

Radical salvage prostatectomy represents a secondary local treatment with curative intent in patients with organ confined PCA recurrences following radiation therapy. Preoperative risk factors predicting organ confined disease are initial LDR brachytherapy, preoperative Gleason biopsy score ≤6, ≤50% biopsy cores involved with cancer, and a PSA doubling time > 12 ...

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is a well established curative treatment for prostate cancer. Retrospective studies demonstrate similar biochemical recurrence free survival rates of radical prostatectomy and EBRT for patients in comparable prognostic subgroups, so that patient information should particularly include the respective toxicity spectrum. In principle, EBRT can be offered ...

The presence of a tertiary Gleason grade (TGG) pattern 4 or 5 in radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens has been reported with adverse pathology and a higher biochemical relapse rate after RP. This study investigated the impact of a TGG pattern 4 or 5 on biochemical and pathological outcome in men ...

Focal cryoablation targets unilateral disease, sparing healthy tissue and the ipsilateral neurovascular bundle. Given half the prostate is spared, proper patient selection is imperative to optimize outcomes. We report focal cryotherapy outcome data and evaluate the accuracy of the 2007 Task Force patient selection criteria at predicting disease recurrence. This ...