Aims and background. To describe feasibility, tolerability and clinical outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in the treatment of adrenal metastases in 34 consecutive cancer patients. Material and methods. Between March 2004 and July 2010, a total of 34 consecutive patients, accounting for 36 adrenal metastatic lesions, were treated ...

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has remained the main therapeutic option for patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa) for about 70 years. Several reports and our findings revealed that aggressive PCa can occur under a low dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level environment where the PCa of a low malignancy with high DHT dependency ...

A 60-year-old Japanese male presented with swelling of bilateral cervical lymph nodes was subsequently diagnosed as the late stage of primary small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). He was then treated with cisplatin and irinotecan as first-line chemotherapy, but hypokalemia with muscle weakness of the bilateral legs became gradually noticeable following ...

The radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) procedure is a modification of standard distal pancreatosplenectomy. It was designed to provide the operative approach developed for cancers of the head of the pancreas to cancers of the body and tail of the pancreas, particularly with respect to the extent of node dissection ...

BACKGROUND: Extranodal involvement is considered a poor prognostic factor for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); however, the prognostic impact of specific sites of involvement has not been fully elucidated. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed 1221 patients treated uniformly with standard R-CHOP therapy between 2003 and 2006. Patients with ...

PURPOSE: Intracranial chordomas and chondrosarcomas are histologically low-grade, locally invasive tumors that infiltrate the skull base. Currently, consensus therapy includes surgical resection and adjuvant radiotherapy. Radiation delivery is typically limited by the proximity of these tumors to critical skull base structures. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of 13 cases ...

ABSTRACT: Radiotherapy (RT) remains an effective treatment in patients with acromegaly refractory to medical and/or surgical interventions, with durable tumor control and often biochemical remission; however, there are still concerns about its potential late toxicity, especially high rates of hypopituitarism. Stereotactic radiotherapy has been developed as a more accurate technique ...

Radiotherapy for pituitary adenomas is a well-established and effective treatment, but it has been linked to a number of complications, including an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease and mortality. Possible underlying mechanisms include the direct effects of radiation on cerebral vasculature and deficiencies in specific pituitary hormones. Higher administered dose ...

Pituitary carcinoma occurs in ~0.2% of resected pituitary tumours and carries a poor prognosis (mean survival <4 years), with standard chemotherapy regimens showing limited efficacy. Recent evidence suggests that temozolomide (TMZ), an orally-active alkylating agent used principally in the management of glioblastoma, may also be effective in controlling aggressive/invasive pituitary adenomas/carcinomas. ...

This study on the treatment of kidney tumor metastases aims to expose our experience in different interventional therapies for renal cell carcinomas metastasis in different organs, broaching their complications and comparing our results with the literature. In the last 5 years, after informed consent, 22 patients with metastatic kidney tumors were ...

A girl presented with a right adrenal mass, and multiple hepatic lesions and subcutaneous nodules 3 months after complete resection of left adrenal neuroblastoma in the neonatal period. She was treated with six cycles of chemotherapy and is well after 13 months' follow-up. This is the first case report of heterochronous bilateral ...

A 29-yr-old man, presented with abdominal pain and fever, had an initial computed tomography (CT) scan revealing low attenuation of both adrenal glands. The initial concern was for tuberculous adrenalitis or autoimmune adrenalitis combined with adrenal hemorrhage. The patient started empirical anti-tuberculous medication, but there was no improvement. Enlargement of ...

Radiation-induced empty sella (ES) or pituitary atrophy/small pituitary and endocrine impairments, including pituitary and gonadal dysfunction, can manifest decades after radiation and chemotherapy in childhood-onset leukemia patients who received prophylactic cranial irradiation or total body irradiation in preparation for bone marrow transplant. Six childhood-onset leukemia patients (age at diagnosis of ...

BACKGROUND: Long-term survival of patients who undergo surgical resection of isolated adrenal metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been reported. The aim of this study was to compare survival of patients who underwent adrenalectomy with those treated nonoperatively, and to analyze clinical characteristics associated with long-term survival. METHODS.: ...

To study the currently available data of recurrence rates of functioning and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas following surgical cure and to analyze associated predisposing factors, which are not well established. A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochran Library for studies reporting data on ...

A delayed, metachronous presentation of bilateral adrenal metastases following colorectal cancer has never previously been reported. We describe the case of a 68-year-old man who underwent curative surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy for a locally invasive sigmoid adenocarcinoma, only to be diagnosed with metachronous bilateral adrenal metastasis necessitating further resection and ...

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Adrenal cancer is classically a silent tumor that is often advanced at presentation. Conventional approaches to systemic therapy have been associated with relatively low objective tumor response rates, and modest survival benefit. More recent approaches have implemented targeted therapies ...

BACKGROUND: Locoregionally advanced salivary gland malignancies have a poor prognosis despite aggressive therapy. Herein we report our experience in treating high-risk salivary gland malignancies with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS: Medical records of 15 patients with salivary gland malignancies treated with CRT at our institution between 1997 and 2010 were analyzed. ...

BACK GROUND: Although patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a poor prognosis, a subset of patients with solitary brain or adrenal metastasis have more favorable outcome following surgical resection. Nevertheless, the outcome and predictive factors for survival following metastatectomy for patients with other metastatic sites are ...

PURPOSE: Dexamethasone has a high therapeutic index when used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, the chronic use of glucocorticoids has been associated with suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Therefore, the authors designed this pilot study to assess the incidence of adrenal insufficiency after dexamethasone therapy as an antiemetic ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To report the outcomes of patients with locoregionally advanced and high- risk salivary gland malignancies treated with surgery followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: From 09/1991 - 06/2007, 24 high-risk salivary gland cancer patients were treated with surgery, followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for high-risk pathologic features including, perineural involvement, ...

Primary adrenal Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is rare. The symptoms of the disease and response to treatment are variable depending on the type of lymphoma, tumor size, and presence of adrenal insufficiency. We report two cases of primary adrenal lymphoma who had varied presentations. One presenting with abdominal pain and weight loss ...

The aim was to evaluate the clinical outcome of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) with CyberKnife for nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. From October 2000 to March 2009, 100 patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma were treated with hypofractionated SRT. Forty-three patients were male, and 57 were female. The patient's ages ranged from 16 ...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To present clinical outcomes, early toxicity, and dosimetric constraints for patients undergoing stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for abdominal or pelvic tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From May 2008 to February 2010, 47 patients with 50 lesions in proximity to hollow viscous organs at risk, including stomach, duodenum, small bowel, ...

Aim:To investigate the incidence of metastasis to the submandibular gland in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:We retrospectively evaluated histological reports of neck dissections for upper respiratory tract carcinoma (performed 2002-2009), recording: primary tumour site, tumour-node-metastasis stage, level Ib involvement, previous radiotherapy, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, extracapsular spread, ...

PURPOSE: The severe reduction of salivary function (xerostomia) is a common complication after radiation therapy for head-and-neck cancer. Consequently, guidelines to ensure adequate function based on parotid gland tolerance dose-volume parameters have been suggested by the QUANTEC group and by Ortholan et al. We perform a validation test of these guidelines ...

Objective: To characterize endocrine dysfunction in pediatric brain tumor patients who received proton beam (PB) radiation, and to compare those treated with PB alone vs combined conventional and PB (Con/PB) radiation.Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients ≤ 18 years of age who received PB radiation for a brain tumor ...

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii oocysts are environmentally resistant and can survive outdoors for months in dry and cold climates. In the present study, sporulation and survival of T. gondii oocysts was studied in different types of cat litters commercially available in the U.S. Oocysts sporulated within 2-3 days in all types ...

The possible prognostic significance of the expression of a variety of markers has been investigated in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the present study we investigated the prognostic significance of CD13 and CD33 myeloid antigens (MY) aberrantly expressed on the blasts of ALL patients and Bcl-2 anti- apoptotic molecule expression ...

Background: Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) carries a very poor prognosis with traditional treatments. Hypothesis/Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of adding carboplatin to a previously published accelerated radiation protocol in the treatments of oral SCC in cats. Animals: Thirty-one cases of oral SCC in cats. Tumor sites included lingual ...

Little is known about brain tumors in early infancy. Investigators reviewed the records of 27 patients (12 boys and 15 girls) diagnosed within 120 days of birth. The median age was 66 days (range, 0-110 days) at diagnosis. All patients underwent surgery; 18 received adjuvant chemotherapy, and 3 received adjuvant ...

BACKGROUND: The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed a single-arm, phase 1/2 study of everolimus in patients with advanced HCC. METHODS: Patients with histologically confirmed measurable advanced HCC, 0-2 prior regimens, and adequate hematologic, hepatic, and renal ...

Abstract Additional large animal models for the acute radiation syndrome (ARS) would facilitate countermeasure development. We demonstrate here that Gottingen minipigs develop hematopoietic ARS symptoms similar to those observed in canines, non-human primates (NHPs) and humans. Dosimetry for whole-body γ irradiation (0.6 Gy/min) was performed using electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with ...

Homoharringtonine (HHT) is one of several cephalotaxine alkaloids that has shown clinical efficacy in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of HHT for de novo pediatric AML. Patients entered in this study were treated with a regimen ...

The pharmacokinetics of irinotecan vary markedly between individuals. This study sought to compare tailored irinotecan and S-1 therapy with S-1 monotherapy for the treatment of patients with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer. Patients with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer were randomized to receive tailored irinotecan and S-1 (arm A) therapy or S-1 therapy alone ...

Imatinib (IM)-associated myelosuppression is rare in gastrointestinal stromal cell tumors (<10%) but common in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Selective inhibition of predominantly Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+) driven hematopoiesis may explain myelosuppression in CML. In the absence of clinical methods to quantitate the Ph+/Ph- progenitor ratio, we hypothesized that the pre-IM percentage ...

Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an aggressive disease that is fairly common in the dog. The authors evaluated a doxorubicin, dacarbazine, and vincristine (DAV) combination protocol in dogs with nonresectable stage II and stage III HSA. Twenty-four dogs were enrolled in this prospective, phase 2 study. Doxorubicin and dacarbazine were administered on ...

OBJECTIVE:: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with mitomycin C can improve survival if used as an adjunct to cytoreductive surgery (CS) for treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). It remains unclear if both hyperthermia and chemotherapy are essential for the reported survival benefit. METHODS:: Eighty WAG/Rij rats were inoculated intraperitoneally with the ...

A 35-year-old Japanese woman in the 24th week of gestation with bilateral breast enlargement was referred to hospital. She was diagnosed with Burkitt's lymphoma and admitted for detailed evaluation and treatment. Early delivery and subsequent chemotherapy was chosen after considering the gestational week, her general condition and the wishes of ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To evaluate activity and tolerability of two anthracycline-containing regimens as first-line treatment for anthracycline-naive relapsed breast cancer patients. METHODS: Patients with relapsed breast cancer not previously treated with adjuvant anthracyclines were randomly assigned to epirubicin/vinorelbine (arm A: EPI/VNB, EPI 90 mg/mq on day 1, VNB 25 mg/mq on ...

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of antiemetic therapy for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in daily practice in Japan. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study using medical records. Eligible patients were those with bladder or testicular cancer receiving platinum-containing highly emetogenic chemotherapy. The ...

BACKGROUND: Our previous phase I study provided evidence that weekly paclitaxel, cisplatin, and bolus 5-fluorouracil (weekly PCF) was effective and well tolerated in patients with advanced gastric cancer. This study was conducted to confirm the efficacy and toxicity of weekly PCF. METHODS: Eligibility criteria were as follows: pathological confirmation; measurable ...

INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a distressing side effect that affects many patients undergoing emetogenic chemotherapy, despite the use of antiemetic medications. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin for the prevention of CINV during the first cycle of treatment in ...

BACKGROUND: This open-label phase III study assessed the addition of Toll-like receptor 9-activating oligodeoxynucleotide PF-3512676 to gemcitabine/cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were randomized (1 : 1) to receive six or fewer 3-week cycles of i.v. ...

Among all solid tumors breast cancer is the most common cause of meningeal carcinomatosis (MC). The purpose of this study was to analyze clinical and biological responses as well as overall survival in MC patients (pts) of breast primary treated with intrathecal methotrexate (MTX). Single-center retrospective series of MC pts ...

After curative resection, the prognosis of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma is poor. This phase III trial was designed to evaluate the benefit in overall survival (OS) of perioperative fluorouracil plus cisplatin in resectable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Overall, 224 patients with resectable adenocarcinoma of the lower esophagus, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), or stomach were randomly ...

We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the outcome of 94 consecutive patients with high-risk hematological malignancies who received allo-PBSCT, following idarubicin (IDA)-intensified BUCY2 (IDA-BUCY2) myeloablative conditioning regimens (n=53) and BUCY2 conditioning regimens (n=41). IDA 15 mg/m(2) once daily was administered by continuous infusion on days -11 to -9, followed by ...

This Phase II trial investigated the combination paclitaxel (P) and uracil-tegafur (UFT) in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). METHODS: Main eligibility criteria included HER-2 negative MBC, ECOG performance status of 0-2, exposure to 1-2 prior chemotherapy regimen in the metastatic setting, previous exposure to an anthracycline containing regimen either ...

Abstract Objective: This post hoc analysis evaluated treatment-associated quality-adjusted survival (QAS) in patients randomly assigned to temsirolimus or interferon alfa (IFN-alfa), corrected for censoring using inverse probability weighting (IPW), in the Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (ARCC) trial. Methods: Follow-up was divided into 11 time intervals; Kaplan-Meier estimates for not being ...

We evaluated the efficacy of daunorubicin  (40 mg/m(2)/day for 5 days, 200 mg/m(2)/cycle) combined with standard dose of cytarabine (100 mg/m(2)/day for 7 days) for acute myelogenous leukemia patients aged 65-74 years as induction therapy. Complete remission (81.3%) was achieved in 13 of 16 patients following the therapeutic program. The ...