Hiroshima Y, Bando M, Inagaki Y, Mihara C, Kataoka M, Murata H, Shinohara Y, Nagata T, Kido J. Resistin in gingival crevicular fluid and induction of resistin release byPorphyromonas gingivalislipopolysaccharide in human neutrophils. J Periodont Res 2012; doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01466.x.© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective:  Resistin is an ...

Dialysis regimens for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients vary with the need for fluid removal, but also because of concerns about the local and systemic consequences of high glucose exposure. The implications of various regimens for dialysis adequacy-that is, fluid and small-solute removal-are not always clear. We therefore analyzed ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess control of blood glucose and other cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients monitored at an outpatient endocrinology clinic. To ascertain treatment used and its changes over time. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cohort of 424 randomly selected diabetic patients (both type 1 and type 2) was monitored from ...

Levels of proinflammatory cytokines associate with risk for developing type 2 diabetes but whether chronic inflammation contributes to the development of diabetic complications, such as ESRD, is unknown. In the 1990s, we recruited 410 patients with type 2 diabetes for studies of diabetic nephropathy and recorded their characteristics at enrollment. ...

Understanding the determinants of human health and disease is overwhelmingly complex, particularly for common, late-onset, chronic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes. Elucidating the genetic and environmental factors that influence susceptibility to disruptions in energy homeostasis and metabolic regulation remain a challenge, and progress will entail the integration of multiple ...

Aims:  A causal relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of diabetes mellitus has been suggested, but little research has been conducted on the Korean population. Methods:  We analysed the glucose tolerance status and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in 12 263 subjects > 19 years old who were registered for the Korea National Health ...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D(3) (25-OH-D) deficiency are two separate disorders associating with obesity, inflammation, and impaired glucose metabolism. We aimed to investigate the vitamin D status of OSA patients regarding to potential links between lower vitamin D levels and abnormal glucose metabolism, which is one of the main ...

The goal of treating hypertension in patients with diabetes is reduction of macrovascular and microvascular complications. Most current guidelines recommend more aggressive treatment goals with blood pressure (BP) targets of <130/80mmHg. Retrospective data analyses suggest an association between a lower BP and slower declines in chronic kidney disease (CKD) as ...

Background: Postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia have been considered as important determinants for the development of atherosclerosis. However, it remains to be elucidated whether correction of the postprandial glycemic status prevents atherosclerotic changes. Methods and Results: The DIANA (DIAbetes and diffuse coronary NArrowing) study is a prospective randomized open-label multicenter trial. ...

Effects of vitamin E and selenium supplementation on aldehyde oxidase (AO) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities and antioxidant status in liver, kidney, and heart of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were examined. AO and XO activities increased significantly after induction of diabetes in rats. Following oral vitamin E (300 mg/kg) and sodium ...

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 could be significantly reduced by early identification of subjects at risk allowing better prevention and earlier treatment. Glucose intolerance (GI) is a hallmark of the pre-diabetic stage. This study aims at identifying a) prognostic biomarkers predicting the risk of developing GI later in ...

It is well known that advanced glycation plays an important role in the progression of diabetic complications. Although several studies have been done on protein glycation, studies related to DNA glycation is limited. The aim of this study is primarily to investigate DNA glycation in diabetes mellitus and secondarily to ...

In the present article, we propose the perspective that abnormal glutamate homeostasis might contribute to diabetes pathogenesis. Previous reports and our recent data indicate that chronically high extracellular glutamate levels exert direct and indirect effects that might participate in the progressive loss of β-cells occurring in both T1D and T2D. ...

One of the major complications in patients with diabetes is diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of blindness worldwide. It takes several years before any clinical signs of retinopathy appear in diabetic patients, which gives an ample opportunity for scientists to uncover biochemical and molecular mechanism implicated early in the ...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive disease characterized by worsening hyperglycaemia. Lowering haemoglobin A1c to below or around 7% has been shown to reduce microvascular and neuropathic complications of diabetes. The ongoing uncertainty regarding whether intensive glycaemic control can reduce the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in ...

: To estimate whether metformin use by ovarian cancer patients with type II diabetes was associated with improved survival. : We reviewed the effect of diabetes and diabetes medications on ovarian cancer treatment and outcomes in a single-institution retrospective cohort. Inclusion criteria were International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage ...

Introduction. Proteinuria and albuminuria are established risk factors for progressive renal damage. Albuminuria can be effectively controlled by antihypertensive drugs that interrupt the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. However, the efficiency of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in preventing diabetic nephropathy is uncertain. Renoprotective effects of angiotensin receptor blockers and NAC in preventing or reducing ...

OBJECTIVETo assess the relationship between 1,5-anhydroglucitol (AG) levels, which are a marker of glycemic control, and stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis was a cross-sectional study with 269 subjects with type 2 diabetes who were divided into four groups based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using ...

Chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes leads to microvascular complications that severely impact quality of life. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) may be the most common of these and is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among working age adults in developed nations. Many large-scale type 1 and type 2 diabetes clinical ...

Objective: The aim of this work was to investigate the antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects of the aqueous extract of Zygophyllum album on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Methods: Diabetes was induced in Swiss albino mice by the administration of STZ (45mg/kg b.w.) intraperitoneally. Aqueous extract of Z. album (100 and ...

Aim:  The aim of the study was to determine whether fasting serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) could be associated with long-term progressive deterioration of insulin secretion in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Methods:  Seventy-seven Japanese patients with Type 2 diabetes (mean BMI 23.3 kg/m(2) ) were followed for 10 years. We measured fasting C-peptide ...

Type 1 diabetic patients with varying severity of kidney disease were investigated to create multi-metabolite models of the disease process. Urinary albumin excretion rate was measured for 3 358 patients with type 1 diabetes. Prospective records were available for 1 051 patients, of whom 162 showed progression of albuminuria (8.3-year follow-up), and ...

Aim:  Recent data has shown that vitamin D increases insulin sensitivity; however, there is little evidence about the effects of this treatment on elderly people with impaired fasting glucose. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D treatment on insulin sensitivity and metabolic parameters ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: To investigate the relationship between levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a Spanish population. METHODS: We undertook a population-based prospective study in a population from southern Spain. The first phase of the study (1996-1998) included 1226 individuals. Of this original cohort, ...

Background: The incidences of obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are reaching epidemic levels. Recently obesity has been associated with the development of CKD. However, it is unclear whether obesity is a risk factor for the progression of CKD. This study investigated the effect of raised body mass index (BMI, ...

OBJECTIVETo describe the prevalence of biochemical B(12) deficiency in adults with type 2 diabetes taking metformin compared with those not taking metformin and those without diabetes, and explore whether this relationship is modified by vitamin B(12) supplements.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSAnalysis of data on U.S. adults ≥50 years of age with ...

Maternal diabetes increases the risk for embryo malformations. Folic acid and safflower oil supplementations have been shown to reduce embryo malformations in experimental models of diabetes. We here tested whether folic acid and safflower oil supplementations interact to prevent embryo malformations in diabetic rats, and analyzed whether they act through ...

BACKGROUND: The Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial (IDNT) demonstrated that irbesartan significantly slowed established Type 2 diabetic nephropathy progression. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), now widely used to monitor chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, was not previously examined in IDNT. This post hoc analysis aimed to confirm IDNT results using eGFR ...

In this study, we report the effect of zinc supplementation on the distribution of elements in kidney tissue of diabetic rats subjected to acute swimming exercise. Diabetes was induced by two subcutaneous injections of 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin within a 24-h period. Zinc was given intraperitoneally at a dose of 6 mg/kg ...

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE) acts as a regulator of p53 or vice versa in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Since oxidative stress-induced apoptosis is suggested in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy, we proposed that APE may have a feasible role in the progression of diabetic complications. We investigated the interrelationship ...

PURPOSETo investigate patterns of prognostic associations over time of insulin- and obesity-related variables measured at diagnosis of early breast cancer (BC), focusing on whether the prognostic associations with distant recurrence and death changed over time. PATIENTS AND METHODSFive hundred thirty-five nondiabetic women with T1-3, N0-1, M0 invasive BC diagnosed from ...

Aims:  To assess associations between maternal serum vitamin D concentration and glucose metabolism in a cohort of pregnant women living in an Australian subtropical environment. Methods:  Cross-sectional assessment of 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations in 399 Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ancillary study participants, treated at an obstetric teaching hospital in Brisbane, Australia. ...

It has been reported that beta cell function progressively declines in patients with type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of obesity on declining beta cell function after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 689 consecutive subjects with type ...

The aim of this paper was to analyze the relation between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albumin excretion rate (AER) in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Three hundred thirteen type 2 diabetic patients attending Diabetes Centre, Malta, were studied between 2008 and 2009. GFR was estimated using the Modified Diet ...

Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) can measure volatile compounds in breath on-line in real time and has the potential to provide accurate breath tests for a number of inflammatory, infectious and metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Breath concentrations of acetone in type 2 diabetic subjects undertaking a long-term dietary modification ...

To observe the dynamic expression of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in myocardium of diabetic rats and explore its role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, diabetic-4 weeks, diabetic-8 weeks and spermine treatment groups (240μM of spermine in drinking water). The type ...

Diabetes is a chronic disease and as a consequence of the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is related with oxidative stress. There are different sources of ROS, of which mitochondria is the main one. Oxidative stress seems to play an important role in mitochondria- mediated disease processes, though the ...

Objective: To investigate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on both insulin resistance and risk of metabolic syndrome in children. Methods: The study group consisted of 301 children and adolescents with a mean age of 14.2±1.8 years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and insulin resistance indices were evaluated. According to ...

This study assessed the relationship between the parameters of glycemic control, and zinc concentrations in blood and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in type 2 diabetes patients. Seventy-three individuals, aged between 25 and 59 years, were divided into the experimental group (type 2 diabetes patients, n = 36) and control group ...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is associated with mishandling of thiamine in the kidney and development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study is to assess the disturbance of thiamine and other B-vitamin status of patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia. METHODS: One hundred and fifteen patients with type 2 diabetes ...

OBJECTIVE: Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes. Among various functional foods with an antioxidant effect, probiotic foods have been reported to repress oxidative stress. The objective of this clinical trial was to assess the effects of probiotic and conventional yogurt on blood glucose ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction has been proposed as the underlying cause of diabetic angiopathy that eventually leads to cardiovascular disease, the major cause of death in diabetes. We recently demonstrated the ameliorating effect of regular vitamin D intake on glycemic status of the subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In ...

Context:The cardiac natriuretic peptides are involved in blood pressure regulation, and large cross-sectional studies have shown lower plasma levels of N-terminal pro-natriuretic peptide levels [N-terminal atrial natriuretic peptide (N-ANP) and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP)] in patients with insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetes.Objective:In this study, we prospectively tested whether plasma ...

Randomized clinical trials have clearly shown that inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) will slow the rate of progression of diabetic nephropathy, but controversy remains about whether the observed beneficial effects result from more than control of blood pressure. Deletion of eNOS in a model of type II diabetes, db/db ...

Background:  Moringa oleifera, the widely cultivated species in India is an exceptionally nutritious vegetable with a variety of potential uses in treating rheumatism, venomous bites and microbial infections. The antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of methanol extracts of Moringa oleifera pods in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats was studied. Methods:  Methanolic ...

ObjectivesElevated ozone levels have been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We investigated the effects of ozone on heart rate (HR) and repolarisation parameters in potentially susceptible populations.MethodsBetween March 2007 and December 2008, 363 ECG recordings including >2000 1 h intervals were measured in 64 individuals with type 2 diabetes ...

BACKGROUND: Patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus generally initiate therapy with either metformin [Met] or a sulfonylurea [SU] drug, followed by the addition of a second agent (Met, an SU drug, or a thiazolidinedione [TZD] drug) if the diabetes is not well controlled. If necessary, the usual third ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot ulcers are serious complications for diabetic patients, yet the precise mechanism that underlines the treatment of these diabetic complications remains unclear. We hypothesized that dietary antioxidant supplementation with vitamin C, combined either with vitamin E or with vitamin E and NAC, improves delayed wound healing through ...

AIM: To study the combinative effects of nanocerium and selenium in a murine model of diabetes.METHODS: Cerium oxide (CeO(2)) nanoparticles (60 mg/kg per day) and sodium selenite (5 μmol/kg per day) alone or in combination, or the metal form of CeO(2) (60 mg/kg) were administered for 2 wk by intraperitoneal ...

Chromium, selenium, and zinc malnutrition has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic mellitus. This study aims to investigate the effects of novel multiminerals-enriched yeast (MMEY) which are minerals supplementation containing elevated levels of chromium, selenium, and zinc simultaneously in a diabetic animal model. Streptozocin-induced diabetic male Balb/c mice (n = 80) ...