OBJECTIVE: Alexithymia refers to difficulty in identifying and expressing emotions, and it is a characteristic common to several psychiatric and medical conditions, including autoimmune disorders. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder with increased psychiatric comorbidity. Previously reported associations between alexithymia and T1D may have been confounded by the ...

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the association between serum uric acid (SUA) level and subsequent development of type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We searched Medline (31 March from 1966 to 2009) and Embase (31 March from 1980 to 2009) for observational cohort studies examining the association between SUA and ...

BACKGROUND: We examined whether atorvastatin affects diabetic kidney disease and whether the effect of atorvastatin on cardiovascular disease (CVD) varies by kidney status in patients with diabetes. STUDY DESIGN: The Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS) randomized placebo-controlled trial. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Patients with type 2 diabetes and no prior CVD ...

Although diabetes mellitus is reported as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), persons with diabetes are frequently hospitalized for medical illness or surgery, or confined to a nursing home, all major VTE risk factors. Consequently, we tested diabetes for an independent association with incident VTE. Using Rochester Epidemiology Project ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The results of the Sarpogrelate-Aspirin Comparative Clinical Study for Efficacy and Safety in Secondary Prevention of Cerebral Infarction (S-ACCESS), a randomized double-blind study of sarpogrelate (selective 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist) versus aspirin in 1510 Japanese patients, have been reported. But S-ACCESS failed to demonstrate noninferiority of sarpogrelate to ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Increased retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been reported in association with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the association of serum RBP4 with impaired glucose regulation and microalbuminuria in Chinese adults aged 40 years or older. METHODS: Serum RBP4 was measured in 763 individuals with ...

BACKGROUND: Unlike most antihyperglycaemic drugs, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have a glucose-dependent action and promote weight loss. We compared the efficacy and safety of liraglutide, a human GLP-1 analogue, with exenatide, an exendin-based GLP-1 receptor agonist. METHODS: Adults with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes on maximally tolerated doses of ...

OBJECTIVE: To validate a case definition of pediatric diabetes using administrative health data and describe trends in incidence and prevalence over time in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: We sampled hospital records of 700 children from 1994 to 2003 with a prior history of at least one outpatient or hospital record for ...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare monogenic form of diabetes which is diagnosed in the first 6 months of life. Several studies in the last few years provide information on genetic causes for NDM. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify all patients with diabetes in ...

CONTEXT: Growth during infancy appears to be an important determinant of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes later in life. OBJECTIVES: To specify which period in the first year of life is related to determinants of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in early adulthood and to investigate the association ...

BACKGROUND: Simple prediction scores could help identify adults at high risk for diabetes. OBJECTIVE: To derive and validate scoring systems by using longitudinal data from a study that repeatedly tested for incident diabetes. DESIGN: Prospective cohort, divided into derivation and validation samples. SETTING: The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study, ...

In this study, we investigated the factors predicting poor glycemic control after an inpatient program. Using the hospital database from April 1999 to May 2003, we retrospectively identified patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hemoglobin A(1C) (HbA(1C)) of at least 8.0% at the time of admission for an inpatient ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare incidence rates of heart failure, stroke, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Type 2 diabetic patients using different types of insulin. METHODS: Included were patients with a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes and at least one insulin prescription from May 2001 ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: It is well known that chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are often associated, but it is not clear if these two disorders are patogenetically correlated. METHODS: An epidemiological study on CIDP in two Italian regions (population 4,334,225) was performed, using multiple concurrent sources ...

AIMS: To assess the relationship between depression scores and diabetes, glucose and insulin in a cross-sectional population-based study. METHODS: One thousand, five hundred and seventy-nine men and 1418 women from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study were assessed for diabetes. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at 0, 30 and 120 ...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of depression among people with diabetes and to examine the association of comorbid depression with lost productivity and health resource utilization in persons with and without diabetes. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey, enrolling 12,643 individuals aged >18 years. Clustered, stratified sampling procedure was utilized. This sample represented ...

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of serious psychological distress (SPD) according to diabetes status and to assess the association of diabetes-related risks and conditions with SPD among U.S. adults. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2007. SPD was determined by a score of > or ...

AIMS: To determine the national incidence of Type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-14 years and examine trends in incidence between 2000 and 2006 by age, sex and calendar year. METHODS: Case ascertainment was from the Australian National Diabetes Register, a prospective population-based incidence register established in 1999, with two ...

OBJECTIVE: We studied the incidence of dysglycemia and its prediction of the development of type 1 diabetes in islet cell autoantibody (ICA)-positive individuals. In addition, we assessed whether dysglycemia was sustained. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants (n = 515) in the Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) with normal glucose tolerance ...

To compare the lifetime prevalence of mood disorders among those with and without type 1 diabetes. Data from a nationally representative sample were obtained. Individuals were classified as having type 1 diabetes if a health professional diagnosed them with diabetes before age 30 and they began insulin within 1 month ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prospective association between objectively measured time spent sedentary and insulin resistance and whether this association is independent of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and other relevant confounders. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a population-based study (Medical Research Council Ely study) in 376 middle-aged adults ...

BACKGROUND: Women with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but the risk and time of onset have not been fully quantified. We therefore did a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the strength of association between these conditions and the effect of factors that ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Accumulating evidence suggests that diabetes increases the risk of dementia, but few studies have addressed possible mechanisms underlying this relationship. The aim of our study was to investigate the longitudinal association of glucose metabolism, insulin secretion and insulin action with the development of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. METHODS: ...

To investigate if diabetes is more common in drug-induced parkinsonism patients. We performed a hospital-based retrospective case-control study on 44 drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) patients, 177 Parkinson disease patients, and 176 acute stroke patients matched for age and sex who were seen over the same period at the same hospital. The ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the association between different ethnic groups and the prevalence, awareness, and control of diabetes in Malaysia. A population-based cross-sectional study using multistage sampling was conducted in Malaysia. Diabetes is defined as having a fasting blood glucose > or =7 mmol/L or a ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the risk of acute angle closure (AAC), changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), and factors associated with these outcomes after routine pupil dilation in a cohort of Asian subjects with diabetes mellitus. METHODS: The study was a prospective observational case series of 1910 consecutive Asian subjects newly referred ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between self-reported diabetes history and early or late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the European population. METHODS: Participants aged 65 years and over in the cross-sectional population-based EUREYE study underwent an eye examination including digital retinal photography. The images were graded at a single centre. ...

AIM: As it is unclear, whether or not, urinary albumin excretion (UAE) differs between patients classified as latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and other forms of diabetes, our study aimed to investigate the distribution of the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in LADA compared with those in the "classical" types 1 ...

To assess whether there is a statistical interaction between smoking and diabetes that is related to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in men in the Asia Pacific region. An individual participant data meta-analysis was conducted on 34 cohort studies, involving 16 492 participants with diabetes (47.4% smokers) and 188 ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether cutoff value of 5.6 mmol/l for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) improves the prediction of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison to the 6.1 mmol/l value. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 5794 non-diabetic subjects aged 42+/-13 years were followed for 6.5 years. T2DM was ...

BACKGROUND: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are widely used in the treatment of obstructive lung disease. ICSs have been shown to be systemically absorbed. The association between ICS and serum glucose concentration is unknown. METHODS: To explore the association of ICS dosing with serum glucose concentration, we used a prospective cohort study ...

BACKGROUND: Adult height and insulin are thought to modify the development of breast cancer. However, little is known about the association between height and 17beta-estradiol, a key factor in breast carcinogenesis, and whether insulin modifies such an association. METHODS: Among 204 healthy women, ages 25 to 35 years, who participated ...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for stroke, but whether there is differential gender-specific risk has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to explore the impact of gender on incidence and relative risks of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke among the diabetic population in Taiwan. METHODS: In this study, ...

OBJECTIVES: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of legal blindness in young adults. Scarce data from Brazilian subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) are available. Aims: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of DR and its risk factors in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) ...

AIMS: Type 2 diabetes and associated microvascular abnormalities are postulated to affect hearing. Our study reports on the relationship between Type 2 diabetes and the prevalence, 5-year incidence and progression of hearing impairment in a representative, older, Australian population. METHODS: The Blue Mountains Hearing Study is a population-based survey of ...

PURPOSE: We evaluated the association between sleep duration and type 2 diabetes in a multiethnic cohort, considering insulin sensitivity (S(I)) and secretion (acute insulin response [AIR]), two important diabetes risk factors. METHODS: Among 900 diabetes-free persons, 146 developed incident type 2 diabetes. At baseline, sleep duration was assessed by self-report ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Studies have shown a strong association between excess weight and risk of incident diabetes in Iranian women. Therefore, we investigated anthropometric indices in the prediction of diabetes in Iranian women. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We examined 2801 females aged > or =20 years (mean [SD] age, 45.2 [12.9] ...

The combined impact of lifestyle factors on incidence of diabetes mellitus later in life is not well established. The objective of this study was to determine how lifestyle factors, assessed in combination, relate to new-onset diabetes in a broad and relatively unselected population of older adults. We prospectively examined associations ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of patient-led sensor-guided pump management on glycaemic control, and compare the effect with that of standard insulin pump therapy. METHODS: An open multicentre parallel randomised controlled trial was conducted at five tertiary diabetes centres. Participants aged 13.0-40.0 years with ...

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether measures of glycemic status beyond fasting glucose (FG) levels improve incident heart failure (HF) prediction in patients without history of diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS AND RESULTS: The association of measures of glycemic status at baseline (including FG, oral glucose tolerance testing [OGTT], fasting insulin, hemoglobin ...

BACKGROUND: In a recent study, an inverse association between diabetes and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels was observed, and several studies reported lower PSA levels in groups with higher body mass index. However, all of the studies were conducted in populations with intensive PSA screening and the role of diabetes severity, ...

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies have identified novel type 2 diabetes loci, each of which has a modest impact on risk. OBJECTIVE: To examine the joint effects of several type 2 diabetes risk variants and their combination with conventional risk factors on type 2 diabetes risk in 2 prospective cohorts. DESIGN: ...

OBJECTIVES: We tested that slow heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise testing, indicative of decreased parasympathetic nervous system activity, is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes in 1,813 healthy men. METHODS: Heart rate recovery was calculated as the difference between maximum heart rate during the exercise test and ...

Although acute hypoglycemia may be associated with cognitive impairment in children with type 1 diabetes, no studies to date have evaluated whether hypoglycemia is a risk factor for dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes. To determine if hypoglycemic episodes severe enough to require hospitalization are associated with an ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Metabolic abnormalities frequently develop prior to the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. However, it is not known whether GFR predicts the onset of type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Incident diabetes was ascertained in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) (n = 864; age 40-69 years; median ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum uric acid predicts incident type 2 diabetes by glucose tolerance status in older community-dwelling adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants without diabetes at baseline were evaluated for incident type 2 diabetes 13 years later. Baseline glucose tolerance status was defined as normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose, ...

OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes is known to be associated with decrements in memory and executive functions and information-processing speed. It is less clear, however, at which stage of diabetes these cognitive decrements develop and how they progress over time. In this study, we investigated cognitive functioning of patients with recent ...

Previous studies suggest that birth weight and weight gain during the first year of life are related to later risk of type 1 diabetes. The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on these associations. Twelve studies involving 2,398,150 persons of whom 7,491 had type 1 diabetes provided odds ratios ...

BACKGROUND: Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disorder with major risk factors including advanced age, presence of an apolipoprotein E epsilon4 (APOE4) allele, and family history of AD. Other risk factors may be obesity and diabetes and related disorders, which are highly prevalent. METHODS: We reviewed longitudinal ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between diabetes preceding Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD. METHODS: PD individuals were matched to PD free individuals randomly selected from people in the same municipality as the cases. Occurrence of diabetes preceding PD onset among cases and controls was assessed through a structured questionnaire. Information ...