AIMS: There are continuing uncertainties about how much screening for type 2 diabetes brings forward the clinical diagnosis and the impact that earlier diagnosis has on health outcomes. We compared the duration of diabetes and health outcomes in a population invited for diabetes screening at 5-yearly intervals from 1990 (screened ...

The ability to detect postpartum dysglycemia, intervene and prevent type 2 diabetes in this high risk population may be the most compelling reason to diagnose gestational diabetes. However, most studies show less than 50% of women receive any glucose screening in the postpartum period and are thus denied this opportunity. ...

SUMMARY: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rapidly increasing. A strong rationale exists for identifying asymptomatic individuals who are at high risk or are likely to have diabetes. Screening programs may provide a conduit through which diabetes intervention may be targeted towards those who might benefit most. Diabetes screening ...

Aim:  The aim of this study was to determine the relevance of universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the patients attending the antenatal clinic of a tertiary institute of North India. Material and Methods:  This was a prospective study conducted on 700 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic ...

Background:  Gestational diabetes mellitus is a potentially serious condition that affects many pregnancies and its prevalence is increasing. Evidence suggests early detection and treatment improves outcomes, but this is hampered by continued disagreement and inconsistency regarding many aspects of its diagnosis. Methods:  The Vitamin D and Lifestyle Intervention for Gestational Diabetes ...

Aims:  To compare the effect of our newly developed online evidence-based patient information vs. standard patient information about sub-threshold elevated blood glucose levels and primary prevention of diabetes on informed patient decision making. Methods:  We invited visitors to the cooperating health insurance company, Techniker Krankenkasse, and the German Diabetes Center ...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy and is associated with a range of maternal and neonatal complications and conditions. Given increasing levels of prevalence worldwide, there are growing calls for the implementation of screening practices to identify ...

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It involves both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems, and may be diagnosed by classical dynamic tests with measurements of heart rate (HR) and/or arterial blood pressure (BP). An original squat ...

Since the 1990s, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) has been the gold standard for monitoring glycaemic control in people diagnosed as having either type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Discussions are underway about diagnosing diabetes mellitus on the basis of HbA1C titres and using HbA1C tests to ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To describe implementation and first-year screening results of the first Chinese telehealth system for diabetic retinopathy (DR) - the Beixinjing Community Diabetic Retinopathy Telehealth system (BCDRT). METHODS: BCDRT implementation was based on the acquisition of adequate digital retinographs, secure digital transmission, storage and retrieval of participants' data and ...

AIMS: Screening high-risk individuals for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is recommended by many organisations. We report results from a pragmatic stepwise T2DM screening programme integrated into an annual review system in a UK general practice. METHODS: Patients with hypertension, cardiovascular disease or chronic kidney disease attending an annual review were ...

Current methods for lactose measurement in dairy products are time consuming and tedious and may require expensive equipment and skilled technicians. The aim of this research was to develop a novel and rapid method for the routine measurement of lactose in dairy products. The proposed method is based on the ...

To explore factors associated with the provision of diabetes-monitoring practices among older Latinos with type 2 diabetes. Data from 547 Latinos (≥55 years) were analyzed from the 2007 California Health Interview Survey. Multivariate logistic regression modeled the relationship between health status and sociodemographic factors and the receipt of semiannual HbA1c ...

OBJECTIVEThe validity of HbA(1c) as a population diagnostic tool was tested against oral glucose tolerance testing in Abu Dhabi nationals.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe screening tool of HbA(1c) and random glucose was validated against the "gold standard" oral glucose tolerance test according to World Health Organization criteria.RESULTSThe HbA(1c) threshold of 6.4% ...

OBJECTIVES: HbA(1c) has been recently recommended as the primary diagnostic test for diabetes. This study evaluated the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of HbA(1c) against the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in three locations. DESIGN AND METHODS: Three years of data with concurrent OGTT and HbA(1c) ...

Abstract Background: Point-of-care (POC) blood glucose measurement using glucose meters is used by diabetes patients to mange their disease. POC glucose testing also is also used in tight glycemic control protocols and as a screening tool for diabetes. We report the performance and effectiveness of the Accu-Chek(®) Active (Roche Diagnostics ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: In January 2010, the American Diabetes Association recommended the use of hemoglobin A1c (Hgb A1c) to screen and diagnose diabetes. This study explored the prevalence and clinical context of Hgb A1c tests done for non-diabetic primary care patients for the three years prior to the release of the ...

About 40% of diabetic patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) are missed on the basis of the current screening guidelines. Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is a powerful marker of asymptomatic CAD. Aim of the study is to evaluate whether ED can improve the effectiveness of the current guidelines for the ...

OBJECTIVE To assess random venous blood glucose (RBG) measurement at antenatal booking to detect "overt diabetes in pregnancy" (ODIP). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of regional hospital obstetric data from 2004-2008 was performed. Universal RBG screening was included at booking. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered if ...

OBJECTIVES: Unconventional locations outwith general medical practice may prove opportunities for screening. The aim was to determine the resource implications and economics of a screening service using random capillary blood glucose (rCBG) tests to detect raised blood glucose levels in the "at risk" population attending high street optometry practices. METHOD: ...

We evaluated the agreement between HbA1c- and FPG-based criteria for screening of diabetes in an asymptomatic Korean population and identified independent factors associated with discordance. The discordance between the two diabetic criteria was significantly associated with obesity and older age.

OBJECTIVE There is limited evidence on how intensive multifactorial treatment (IT) improves outcomes of diabetes when initiated in the lead time between detection by screening and diagnosis in routine clinical practice. We examined the effects of early detection and IT of type 2 diabetes in primary care on the prevalence ...

This paper introduces an algorithm for the automated diagnosis of referable maculopathy in retinal images for diabetic retinopathy screening. Referable maculopathy is a potentially sight-threatening condition requiring immediate referral to an ophthalmologist from the screening service, and therefore accurate referral is extremely important. The algorithm uses a pipeline of detection ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to reduce the frequency of diabetic eye-screening visits, while maintaining safety, by using information technology and individualised risk assessment to determine screening intervals. METHODS: A mathematical algorithm was created based on epidemiological data on risk factors for diabetic retinopathy. Through a website, www.risk.is ...

OBJECTIVE: To test whether information about benefits and harms of screening for type 2 diabetes increases intentions to make lifestyle changes amongst attenders, predominantly among the socially advantaged and those with a strong future time orientation. STUDY DESIGN: Planned subgroup analysis of attenders for screening participating in a randomized controlled ...

Unconventional settings, outside general medical practice, are an underutilised resource in the attempt to identify the large numbers of people with undiagnosed diabetes worldwide. The study investigated the feasibility of using optometry practices (opticians) as a setting for a diabetes screening service. Adults attending high street optometry practices in northern ...

In Thailand, type 2 diabetes screening was implementing at national level by the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) recommendation but screening methods have not been fully evaluated Objective: To compare the performance, cost, and cost-effectiveness offour screening methods in identifying individuals with abnormal fasting plasma glucose among Thai adults participating ...

Diabet. Med. 28, 785-788 (2011) ABSTRACT: Aim  To investigate associations between anxiety and measures of glycaemia in a White European and South Asian population attending community-based diabetes screening. Methods  In total, 4688 White European and 1353 South Asian participants (aged 40-75 years) without a previous diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes underwent an ...

The objective was to validate the methodology for the dynamic insulin sensitivity and secretion test (DISST) and to demonstrate its potential in clinical and research settings. One hundred twenty-three men and women had routine clinical and biochemical measurements, an oral glucose tolerance test, and a DISST. For the DISST, participants ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:This study assessed the effect of introduction of diabetic retinopathy screening using non-mydriatic digital fundus photography (nDFP) in an urban academic family practice clinic on patient compliance to recommended dilated eye examination (REE). PATIENTS AND METHODS:Two hundred four patients with diabetes mellitis who were noncompliant to annual REE ...

Rationale, aims and objectives  Large clinical trials demonstrate that lifestyle modification can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes in those with prediabetes. However, recent National Health and Nutrition Survey data suggest that prediabetes often goes unrecognized, and the majority of prediabetic individuals do not report having received lifestyle advice ...

Aims:  To describe and compare attendance rates and the proportions of people identified with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in people with previously unknown diabetes who participated in screening programmes undertaken in general practice in the UK, Denmark and the Netherlands as part of the ADDITION-Europe study. Methods:  In Cambridge, routine computer ...

Systematic screening for diabetic retinopathy using retinal photography has been shown to reduce the incidence of blindness among people with diabetes. The implementation of diabetic retinopathy screening programmes faces several challenges. Consequently, methods for improving the efficiency of screening are being sought, one of which is the automation of image ...

BACKGROUND Multiple laboratory tests are used to diagnose and manage patients with diabetes mellitus. The quality of the scientific evidence supporting the use of these tests varies substantially. APPROACH An expert committee compiled evidence-based recommendations for the use of laboratory testing for patients with diabetes. A new system was developed ...

BACKGROUND: Multiple laboratory tests are used to diagnose and manage patients with diabetes mellitus. The quality of the scientific evidence supporting the use of these tests varies substantially. APPROACH: An expert committee compiled evidence-based recommendations for the use of laboratory testing for patients with diabetes. A new system was developed ...

There is ample empiric evidence to indicate that oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and has a key role in the onset and progression of diabetes and its complications. Diabetes leads to depletion of the cellular antioxidant defense system and is associated with an increase in ...

This brief report discusses the introduction of routine Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody (GADA) testing in primary care for newly diagnosed diabetes. GADA testing is well used and the majority of people found to be positive are initiated on insulin rapidly and progress to require a basal bolus regime.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of an educational intervention at increasing the rates of postpartum (PP) follow-up for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study of all patients with GDM delivering during 2002-2009 was conducted. The primary outcome was ...

AIMS: Evaluate the reproducibility and relationship of various metabolic tests conducted as part of the Diabetes Prevention Trial - type 1 diabetes (DPT-1) METHODS: Coefficients of variation, intraclass correlation coefficients, and Pearson correlations between the same metabolic tests performed at different times as well as the different tests were determined. ...

AIM: Currently, there is no international consensus for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis. This is a report of our experience of GDM screening according to the 1996 French guidelines. METHODS: For 5years, all pregnant women followed at our hospital (n=11,545) were prospectively screened for GDM between weeks 24 and 28 ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the results of recently published studies on diabetic retinopathy screening. RECENT FINDINGS: Despite numerous public health campaigns and the existence of guidelines designed to promote annual retinal exams for diabetes patients, an unacceptably high number of patients are not screened for diabetic retinopathy. Current findings ...

Resveratrol has been shown to have vasoprotective effects by upregulating oxidative defense mechanisms in a variety of pathophysiological conditions. However, the effect of resveratrol on diabetic oxidative stress and vascular and metabolic abnormalities is not completely understood. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate whether long-term resveratrol supplementation has a ...

The purpose of this study is to determine the glycaemic index of seven traditional Indian snacks modified in composition and preparation and to determine their glycaemic and insulinaemic response in type II diabetics. Blood glucose and insulin level at fasting, postprandial - 1 hour and 2 hours in ten normal ...

Citation information: Howse JH, Jones S & Hungin APS. Screening for diabetes in optometry practices: acceptability to users. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2011. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2011.00826.x ABSTRACT: Purpose:  Diabetes is a leading cause of blindness in the working age population. While optometrists have an established role in screening people with known diabetes ...

Abstract Background: This study is aimed at developing and evaluating a diabetes risk score (DRS) to predict incident diabetes and screen for undiagnosed diabetes and abnormal glucose tolerance in the Chinese population. Methods: Three DRS instruments were respectively developed and validated based on the data collected from a 10-year longitudinal ...

Aims  Probing to bone was defined and validated by Grayson in 1995. Despite the proven validity of this test, one of the limitations of previous studies and one of the most important characteristics from any diagnosis test is its reproducibility. The objectives of our study were (i) to analyse the ...

Aim:  This study aimed to investigate the cut-off value of the glucose challenge test in an Iranian population. Materials and Methods:  A total of 1804 consecutive native Iranian women who underwent a glucose challenge test were prospectively investigated. The test was performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation; each subject ...

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing consistantly. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of death; however, silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) is more frequent in diabetic patients. Early CAD diagnosis provided by SMI screening could lead to decreased cardiovascular complications and mortality. Current guidelines recommend screening for SMI ...

Proper cellular function requires the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) sustained by the electron transport chain. Mitochondrial dysfunction is believed to play a role in the development of diabetes and diabetic complications possibly because of the active generation of free radicals. Since MMP can be investigated in clinical settings ...

Purpose:  To investigate the redox state of human serum albumin concerning cysteine-34 as a possible systemic redox marker in patients with different eye diseases with and without complications and with consideration of possible effects of age. Methods:  Cataract (CAT), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic retinopathy and ...