OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (DM2) in obese children and adolescents of Greek origin and compare our data with pertinent literature findings in an attempt to uncover predictive, risk, and preventive factors. RESEARCH METHODS AND ...

This study investigates the influence of changes in impaired fasting glucose (IFG) criteria by the American Diabetes Association in 2003 in estimating the prevalence and cardiovascular risks in Taiwanese with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between 100 and 109 mg/dL. Data came from a cross-sectional study on 1411 participants aged 30 ...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by defects in insulin secretion and action and obesity plays an important role in the deterioration of glucose metabolism. In the present study we evaluated the degree of insulin resistance and first-phase insulin secretion of beta-cell in obese subjects with ...

BACKGROUND: The DANish StUdy of impaired glucose metabolism in the settings of cardiac rehabilitation (DANSUK) examined the effect of an intensified multifactorial intervention on risk factor profile in 104 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) attending hospital-based outpatient comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CCR) compared to ...

A high prevalence of newly detected diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) has been reported in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and no previous diagnosis of DM. However, the prevalence of newly detected DM is grossly underestimated by using fasting plasma glucose (FPG). We determined the prevalence ...

OBJECTIVE: Subjects with type 2 diabetes are at risk for vascular injury. Several vasoactive factors (e.g., angiotensin) have been implicated. We hypothesize that adrenomedullin, a novel vascoactive factor, is deranged in subjects with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Using a new immunoluminometric method, plasma midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) was ...

AIMS: To determine whether there is an association between Type 2 diabetes mellitus and schizophrenia, independent of medication. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study we performed an oral glucose tolerance test on 38 non-obese white Caucasians who fulfilled the criteria for first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia, 38 control subjects (matched for age, gender, ...

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 (ARHGEF11), located on chromosome 1q21, is involved in G protein signaling and is a pathway known to play a role in both insulin secretion and action. We genotyped 52 single nucleotide polymorphims (SNPs) in ARHGEF11 and compared the genotype frequencies of subjects with type ...

OBJECTIVE: To identify a subgroup of individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) based on the new 2003 criteria that would most likely benefit from performance of oral glucose tolerance test. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 1999-2001 in an Iranian urban population which enrolled 8766 individuals over 20 ...

OBJECTIVES: We examined the usefulness of the combined use of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin Alc (HbA1c) levels to predict the progression of diabetes in a Japanese population. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 1995 to 2002 among 449 non-diabetic Japanese workers, ages 23-65, in whom baseline ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the clinical phenotype of adolescent/adult patients with cystic fibrosis, according to heterozygosity or homozygosity for cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) deltaF508 mutation, and to analyze their characteristics according to glucose tolerance status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 76 cystic fibrosis patients with CFTR ...

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes frequently complicates cystic fibrosis (CF) without fasting hyperglycemia or despite spontaneous hypoglycemia (anecdotally ascribed to malnutrition), whose prevalence, clinical meaning, and relationship with glucose tolerance and clinical/nutritional status were not previously investigated. The relationship of CF genotype with insulin secretion control is also unclear. DESIGN AND METHODS: A ...

Increasing evidence suggests that the postprandial state is a contributing factor to the development of atherosclerosis. To evaluate the effects of acute hyperglycemia on the oxidative stress, concentrations of serum-oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in subjects with normal glucose ...

AIM: The outcome of 743 French men (age 20-60) with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) [blood glucose 6.1-6.9 mmol/l] at T1 was evaluated 5 years later, at T2. METHODS: Personal and family medical history, smoking, nutritional habits, physical activity, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and waist girth, fasting biological data ...

Although a hyperbolic relationship between insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity has been shown, the relationship has been often questioned. We examined the relationship using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived indexes. A total of 374 Japanese subjects who had never been given a diagnosis of diabetes underwent a 75-g OGTT. In ...

There is indirect evidence of unfavorable effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on glucose metabolism. Teriparatide (recombinant human PTH 1-34-TPTD) has recently been available for the treatment of osteoporosis. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the acute and chronic effect of TPTD on blood glucose and insulin levels ...

AIM: To establish the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance in patients with lichen planus (LP), and to examine whether diabetic status showed any relation with the type of LP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with LP and 30 age, weight, and sex matched volunteers were included. Serum ...

AIM/METHODS: Diabetic nodular glomerulosclerosis is considered to be the specific renal lesion of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, some cases, in which nodular glomerulosclerosis was found without any manifestation of DM, have also occasionally been reported. We clinicopathologically examined seven cases without a prior history of DM. They consisted of six ...

The aim of the present study was to assess the association of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OX-LDL) with carotid intimal medial thickness (IMT) in different grades of glucose intolerance in Asian Indians. Three groups were recruited from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study, a population-based study: group 1, normal glucose tolerance ...

BACKGROUND: While the relationship between impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) is well established, there is no information whether IL-6 levels are elevated in impaired fasting glucose (IFG). METHODS: To this end, we examined the relationship between plasma IL-6 concentration and different degrees of glucose homeostasis in a ...

AIM: To determine the incidence of Type 2 diabetes and to examine the effect of different cut-points for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) on diabetes incidence. METHODS: Population-based longitudinal study (1990-2000) with clinical, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, including an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), in 1040 non-diabetic adults aged 40-69 years ...

OBJECTIVE: Insulin resistance and impaired beta-cell function are key elements in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to develop valid algorithms for estimation of the insulin sensitivity index (S(I)) and acute insulin response (AIR) derived from simple and cheap physiological measurements that could be used in large-scale metabolic, ...

AIMS: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) exchanges neutral lipids between lipoproteins. As the role of CETP in the atherogenic process is still not fully clarified, we studied the association of CETP concentration with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and with intima-media thickness of the carotid artery (IMT) in subjects ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the insulin sensitivity and visceral fatness in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), who are prone to develop type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed 1 year postpartum identified 21 GAD(-) women ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to estimate the rate of progression from newly acquired (incident) impaired fasting glucose (IFG) to diabetes under the old and new IFG criteria and to identify predictors of progression to diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We identified 5,452 members of an HMO with no prior history of ...

OBJECTIVE: To optimize identification of future diabetic patients, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) introduced criteria for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in 1997 (IFG 6.1 mmol/l [IFG6.1]) and lowered the threshold from 6.1 to 5.6 mmol/l (IFG5.6) in 2003. Our aim was to assess the consequences of lowering the IFG cutoff ...

Exercise superimposed on insulin stimulation is shown to increase muscle glucose metabolism and these two stimuli have synergistic effects. The objective of this study was to investigate glucose infusion rates (GIR) in groups with a wide variation in terms of insulin sensitivity during insulin stimulation alone and with superimposed exercise. ...

INTRODUCTION: With the objective to assess the diagnostic power of the ADA criteria in detecting glucose intolerance, we studied 654 patients by performing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The design required computing sensitivity, specificity and predictive values for different cut-off levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG). ...

OBJECTIVE: We compared and contrasted cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, subclinical manifestations of CVD, incident coronary heart disease (CHD), and all-cause mortality by categories of impaired glucose regulation in nondiabetic individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study included 6,888 participants aged 52-75 years who had no history of diabetes or ...

AIMS: Type 2 diabetes is preceded by a symptom-free period of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Pancreatic B-cell function decreases as glucose intolerance develops. In many patients with IGT, fasting blood glucose is within normal limits and hyperglycaemia occurs only postprandially. We examined whether pancreatic B-cell function changes during acute hyperglycaemia ...

OBJECTIVE: Shortening of telomere length has been reported in several conditions including Type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. The aims of this study were (1) to assess whether telomere shortening occurs at the stage of pre-diabetes, i.e., impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and (2) whether telomere shortening was greater in Type 2 ...

Partially inconsistent data exist on mutual relations between nontraditional atherosclerotic risk factors, including the magnitude of insulin resistance (IR), as well as on their relevance for atherogenesis in the metabolic syndrome. Subjects exhibiting combined impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance (IFG/IGT) are exposed to an exceptionally high risk for ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the beta-cell function in individuals with mitochondrial DNA A3243G mutation with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or diabetes mellitus (DM). Furthermore, in diabetic individuals, we evaluated the effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on insulin secretory response. METHODS: Eight mutation-positive individuals with NGT (n = 4) or DM (n ...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of our individual-based counseling program and tools among individuals in ordinary Japanese communities with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and mild type 2 diabetes. A total of 233 eligible participants (age 30-69 years) in 14 local study centers were randomly ...

BACKGROUND: The classifications of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) represent glucose levels above normal, but below the decision threshold for diabetes. We sought to determine what the reproducibility of these classifications was when repeat tests were performed by conducting a systematic review of the literature. METHODS: ...

BACKGROUND: Increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is established, but not glucose intolerance (GI), nor benefit from parathyroidectomy on GI. We determined these during management of a continuous series of patients with PHPT routinely followed after surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: WHO criteria classified 75 g oral ...

Cardiovascular disease is a common cause of death for diabetic patients. High sialic acid levels (SA) and increased oxidative stress are important factors for cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to research whether SA and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels are associated with the degree of the diabetic regulation and investigate ...

BACKGROUND: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis that may be due in part to dyslipidemia. The purpose of this study was to assess the regulatory role of lipid transfer proteins in the development of this dyslipidemia. METHODS: Activities of cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) ...

Peripheral insulin levels are determined by beta-cell secretion, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic insulin extraction (HIE). We have previously shown that whereas sulfonylureas reduce insulin extraction, metformin enhances HIE. However, the effects of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) on HIE remain uncertain. Thus, we investigated the potential contribution of hepatic insulin clearance to peripheral ...

Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) represents risk of development of diabetes (DM) and its complications. We investigated insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in 403 IFG subjects divided into three levels of 2-hour postchallenge glucose (2-h PG) to clarify the factors responsible in the development of glucose intolerance in Japanese IFG. Nearly ...

BACKGROUND: The degree to which abnormal glucose tolerance contributes to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been clarified in Japanese. The relationship between abnormal glucose tolerance and severity of coronary artery stenosis, as well as the contributions of hypertension, diabetes and other risk factors for CAD to ...

To determine the relationship of intravenous (IVGTT) and oral (OGTT) glucose tolerance tests abnormalities to diabetes development in a high-risk pre-diabetic cohort and to identify an optimal testing strategy for detecting preclinical diabetes. Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 Diabetes (DPT-1) randomized subjects to oral (n = 372) and parenteral (n = ...

Impaired pancreatic beta cell function and insulin sensitivity are fundamental factors in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes; however, the predominant defect appears differ among ethnic groups. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the contribution of impaired beta cell function and insulin sensitivity at different stages of the deterioration ...

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in first-degree relatives (FDR) of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A cross-sectional study of FDR of type 2 diabetes patients was conducted between 2003 and 2005. A total ...

BACKGROUND: Impaired glucose regulation (IGR) is associated with detrimental cardiovascular outcomes such as cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD risk factors) or intima-media thickness (IMT). Our aim was to examine whether these associations are mediated by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (waist) or fasting serum insulin (insulin) in a population ...

CONTEXT: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis (BON) of the jaws is a newly identified condition for which the exact mechanism involved in its pathogenesis remains obscure. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether diabetes mellitus (DM) may be a contributing factor in the development of BON. DESIGN: From 2004 to ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: To estimate the 1-year progression rates from both IFG and IGT to diabetes in individuals identified in a pragmatic diabetes screening programme in general practice (the ADDITION Study, Denmark [Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People with Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care]). METHODS: Persons aged 40-69 years were screened ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether levels of inflammatory markers and different cytokines are abnormal in nondiabetic offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Cytokine levels were measured in 19 healthy control subjects and 129 offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes (109 with normal glucose tolerance ...

OBJECTIVE: We examined the associations of physical activity with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and with 2-h postload plasma glucose (2-h PG) in men and women with low, moderate, and high waist circumference. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study provided data on a population-based cross-sectional ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to test the hypothesis that a fixed-dose combination of trandolapril/verapamil-SR (T/V) is superior to a fixed-dose combination of losartan/hydrochlorothiazide (L/H) on glucose tolerance in hypertensive patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-end points design was used to assess the ...