OBJECTIVEWe examined the prevalence of knowledge of A1C, blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol (ABC) levels and goals among people with diabetes, its variation by patient characteristics, and whether knowledge was associated with achieving levels of ABC control recommended for the general diabetic population.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSData came from 1,233 adults ...

OBJECTIVEThere is now growing evidence that Mg deficiency is implicated in type 2 diabetes and its complications. However, it has not been fully elucidated whether hypomagnesemia is a predictor of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in type 2 diabetic nephropathy.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis retrospective cohort study included 455 chronic kidney disease ...

Zygophyllum album has been mentioned in Tunisian system of folk medicine to be of value in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The present study was designed to investigate the possible antihyperglycemic effects of ethanolic extracts of the whole plant of Z. album on blood glucose, plasma insulin, serum lipids and ...

Abstract BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a risk factor for diabetes, but long-term follow-ups are lacking. The aim of this community-based study was to analyze the influence of SDB on glucose metabolism after more than 10 years. METHODS:Men without diabetes (n=141, mean age 57.5 years) were ...

BACKGROUND: The median life expectancy of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has increased dramatically over the last few years and we now observe a subset of patients with a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25kg/m(2). The aim of this study was to characterize these individuals and to identify factors associated with ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: American Diabetes Association (ADA), French-speaking Societies for diabetes & cardiology (ALFEDIAM-SFC) and Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging (CRI) have proposed guidelines for the screening of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). The aim of the study was to evaluate their diagnostic values and how to improve them. METHODS AND RESULTS: 731 ...

It is well known that reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance which is the hallmark of type 2 diabetes. However, it is still needed to clarify the mechanism underlying insulin resistance. Glucose oxidase (GOD) is an oxi-reductase catalyzing the conversion of glucose to ...

PURPOSE: To investigate early functional changes of local retinal defects in type II diabetic patients using the global flash multifocal electroretinogram (MOFO mfERG). METHODS: Thirty-eight diabetic patients and 14 age-matched controls were recruited. Nine of the diabetics were free from diabetic retinopathy (DR), while the remainder had mild to moderate ...

This study sought to identify latent subgroups among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) patients with pre-diabetes based on their stages of change for multiple health behaviors. We analyzed baseline data from participants of the Special Diabetes Program for Indians Diabetes Prevention (SDPI-DP) Program, a lifestyle intervention program to prevent ...

As the incidence of diabetes mellitus continues to rise, parallel increases in the rates of diabetic atherosclerotic vascular disease are projected to impart major health and socioeconomic challenges for authorities worldwide. Diabetes results in a proatherogenic phenotype, manifesting in an accelerated, diffuse, polyvascular fashion. In this review, we highlight the ...

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to determine the efficacy of Five-Element Gymnastics (FEG) in controlling glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) at the 8th and the 16th weeks of intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes in ...

Arachidonic acid metabolites are crucial mediators of inflammation in diabetes. Although eicosanoids are established modulators of pancreatic β-cell function, the role of prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2) is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the role of prostacyclin in β-cell function. Prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) was weakly expressed in rat islet cells ...

Objective:The relationships among skeletal muscle lipid peroxidation, intramyocellular lipid content (IMCL), and insulin sensitivity were evaluated in nine insulin-sensitive (IS), 13 insulin-resistant (IR), and 10 adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Design:Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp [glucose disposal rate (GDR)]. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)-protein adducts and ...

Background: Diabetic patients often exhibit severe, asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). The relationship between osteoprotegerin (OPG), inflammatory markers and silent myocardial ischemia remains to be elucidated.Methods: We recruited 45 type 2 diabetic patients and 33 healthy controls and assessed them for silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) by myocardial perfusion imaging. Patient ...

The increasing prevalence of diabetes is a pressing issue in Korea. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between duration of diabetes and self-reported participation in diabetes education among diabetic patients in Korea. This study used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in ...

BACKGROUND: There is evidence that diabetic polyneuropathy (PNP) is associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) in type 1 diabetes but little is known about the impact of diabetic PNP on bone metabolism in type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in bone metabolism ...

AIMS: Data on glucose and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor control among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) according to insulin treatment status are lacking. We examined DM control, risk factors, and comorbidities among U.S. persons according to insulin treatment status. METHODS: In the U.S. National Health and Nutrition ...

AIM: Changes in NCV were surveyed over 10 years in type 2 diabetes patients to clarify the time-course relationships between NCV and retinopathy stage and between NCV and HbA1c. In addition, the natural course of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) was discussed based on the findings. METHODS: Using a simple NCV ...

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases globally. This study seeks to estimate the prevalence of impaired fasting glycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus in genetically isolated populations in Jordan: the Circassians and Chechans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were analyzed from a cross-sectional study that ...

BACKGROUND: High density lipoproteins (HDLs) have been implicated in glucose homeostasis. Among subjects with normal fasting glucose (NFG), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) we tested whether pancreatic β-cell function relates to HDL functionality, as determined by HDL anti-oxidative capacity and cellular cholesterol efflux to plasma. ...

Historically, clinical management of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been focused on glycaemic control, which is sometimes achieved at the expense of weight gain on intensive insulin regimes. Although HbA(1c) level is an important contributor to increased macrovascular risk, several prospective studies have concluded that factors related ...

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to its negative impact on the vascular endothelium. The damaged endothelioma is repaired by resident cells also through the contribution of a population of circulating cells derived from bone marrow. These cells, termed endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are ...

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes worldwide. Strong evidence suggests that several growth factors may contribute to the initiation and progressive fibrosis of DN. Recently, there is an overexpression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in renal biopsies from patients with DN. This study ...

Abstract In this review article, we describe the most recent development of the beneficial effect of arjunolic acid (AA) in reducing type 1 diabetic pathophysiology. Diabetic mellitus is a serious and growing health problem worldwide. Increasing evidence suggest that oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes ...

BACKGROUND: This study compares a previously developed Diabetes Risk Score (DRS) to commonly-used clinical tools for type 2 diabetes risk evaluation in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) cohort, a multi-ethnic U.S. cohort. Available as a clinical test, the PreDx® DRS, uses fasting concentrations of adiponectin, C-reactive protein, ferritin, interleukin-2 ...

Purpose:  The objective was to investigate the association between corneal sensitivity and established measures of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods:  Corneal sensitivity was measured in 93 individuals with diabetes, 146 diabetic individuals without neuropathy and 61 control individuals without diabetes or neuropathy using a non-contact corneal aesthesiometer at the baseline ...

We describe interventionist training procedures for a pilot intervention study that tested the effects of a nurse-delivered Motivational Interviewing (MI) intervention on diabetes self-care among adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It reports on findings from MI fidelity assessments. Training consisted of didactic workshops plus practicum. Fidelity of MI ...

We evaluated the serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and their association with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in 199 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome ([MetS], group A) in comparison with 109 healthy controls (group B). In group A, MCP-1 levels were significantly (P ...

This study describes the care provided by a diabetes nurse specialist, and the care needs expressed by people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and an immigrant background. Clinical encounters between a diabetes nurse specialist and 10 people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus were observed and analyzed by means of ...

PURPOSE: To investigate macular thickness and visual acuity changes after 1 intravitreal injection of 0.5-mg ranibizumab during phacoemulsification cataract surgery in eyes with diabetic macular edema refractory to laser treatment. METHODS: Eleven eyes of 11 patients with diabetic macular edema refractory to modified Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study laser therapy ...

OBJECTIVE: Research suggests that health literacy (HL) is associated with clinical outcomes. Few studies, however, have examined the mechanisms accounting for this relationship. To understand why HL is related to outcomes, we tested a theoretical framework proposing that diabetes-related knowledge and behavior mediate (explain) the relationship between HL and glycemic ...

We investigated a possible association between serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels and renal dysfunction in 124 type 2 diabetes patients. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that the PAI-1 levels were significantly inversely correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) independent of albuminuria, BMI, LDL-C, and triglyceride.

Aim: Lipid-lowering medications have been suggested to have a potential benefit in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as diabetic nephropathy. Although ezetimibe has been widely used to lower serum cholesterol levels, the effect of this drug on diabetic nephropathy remains unclear. In the present study, therefore, we ...

P-glycoprotein (P-gp), one of the drug efflux pumps, expressed in some tissues and may affect pharmacokinetics of its substrates. We have previously reported that decrease of intestinal P-gp expression affects pharmacokinetics of orally-administered P-gp substrate drugs under streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mice model. Although we have found the participation ...

Proteins modifications in diabetes may lead to early glycation products (EGPs) as well as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Whereas no extensive studies have been carried out to assess the role of EGPs in secondary complications of diabetes, numerous investigators have demonstrated the role of AGEs. Early glycation involves attachment ...

AIM OF THE STUDY: This study further investigates the biochemical effects and possible mechanism of the reported synergistic antidiabetic action of Vernonia amygdalina Del. (VA) and Azadirachta indica A. Juss (AI) in streptozotocin diabetic rat (SDR) models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ethanolic extracts of VA and AI were co-administered (200mg/kg, 50:50) ...

Diabetes is a very common and serious chronic disease, and one of the fastest growing disease burdens in the United States. Further, health behaviors, such as exercise, smoking, drinking, as well as weight status, are instrumental to diabetes management and the reduction of its medical consequences. Nine waves of the ...

Current interventions for arresting autoimmune diabetes have yet to strike the balance between sufficient efficacy, minimal side effects, and lack of generalized immunosuppression. Introduction of antigen via the gut represents an appealing method for induction of antigen-specific tolerance. Here, we developed a strategy for tolerance restoration using mucosal delivery in ...

OBJECTIVETo test the hypothesis that replacement of sucrose with isomaltulose in sweet foods and beverages improves metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSOne hundred ten patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive sweet foods containing either 50 g/day isomaltulose or sucrose for 12 weeks ...

BACKGROUND: Admission hyperglycemia increases the risk of death in patients with acute stroke. However, the most appropriate cut-off of glucose level indicating an increased risk of short-term mortality remains unknown. PURPOSE AND METHODS: We aimed at establishing the optimum cut-offs of several variables (including admission blood glucose levels) predicting case-fatality ...

AIMS: To assess the impact of smoking cessation on incidence of diabetes among overweight or normal-weight Japanese men. METHODS: This 9.2-year cohort study included 2070 men aged 40-69 years without diabetes. We classified them according to smoking status as non-smokers, past smokers (>9, 6-9, 3-5 and <3 years) and current ...

Current therapy for diabetes mellitus through oral anti-diabetic drugs and subcutaneous administration of insulin suffers from serious disadvantages, such as patient noncompliance and occasional hypoglycemia. Moreover, these approaches do not mimic the normal physiological pattern of insulin release. Oral route would be the most convenient and preferred route if it ...

Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) has implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy. We investigated the effects of Pu-erh tea on AGEs accumulation associated with diabetic nephropathy in 6-week db/db mice. Increases in urinary albumin, serum creatinine and mesangial matrix were significantly prohibited by Pu-erh tea treatment for 8 ...

Aims  To determine whether the frequency and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis and the clinical characteristics of children at diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus have changed over the past decades among patients under surveillance of a tertiary paediatric centre. Methods  In three time-periods, 75 (1986-1987), 86 (1996-1997) and 245 (2006-2007) ...

Aims  To determine the underlying factor structure of friends' enacted support behaviours for adolescents with Type 1 diabetes, confirm it in a second sample, delineate distinctive aspects of friends' support and test the reliability of resulting scale. Methods  The study included a total of 434 adolescents (54.8% girls), mean age ...

Aspirin may exert part of its antithrombotic effects through platelet-independent mechanisms. Diabetes is a condition in which the beneficial effects of aspirin are less prominent or absent - a phenomenon called "aspirin resistance". We investigated whether acetylation and glycation occur at specific sites in fibrinogen and if competition between glucose ...

Migration status and the accompanying diversity in culture, foods and family norms, may be an important consideration for practitioners providing individualized care to treat and prevent complications among youth with diabetes. Approximately 20 % of youth in the US have ≥1 foreign-born parent. However, the proportion and characteristics of youth with ...

We concentrated on the complication-free phase of juvenile onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) searching for associations between concentration of inflammatory factors TNF-α, CRP and VEGF and two monocyte subsets the CD14(++)CD16(-) and CD14(+)CD16(+). We analysed a randomly selected group of 150 patients without complications (disease duration 2.74±2.51years) at the ...

Objective. To examine the associations of maternal diabetes, overall and stratified according to treatment of diabetes, with weight-related outcomes at the time of military conscription, at age 18-20 years. Design & Setting. Cohort study of 277 Danish male offspring of mothers with recognized pre-gestational or gestational diabetes. As population-based controls we ...

Aims. Vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk for type 2 diabetes. African Americans tend to have poor vitamin D status and increased risk of diabetes, but effects of vitamin D supplementation on components of diabetes risk have not been tested in this group. This study was conducted to determine ...