Purpose A case of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis that was managed with insulin and heparin is reported. Summary A 39-year-old Hispanic man arrived at the emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting over one day. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed peripancreatic inflammatory changes surrounding the ...

Objective This study evaluated whether the risk of acute renal failure (ARF) increases with exenatide and sitagliptin use. Research Design and Methods A retrospective cohort study of a large medical and pharmacy claims database was performed. Data for 491,539 patients were analyzed. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The prevalence of diabetes is high among patients with ischemic stroke. However, the prevalence of abnormal glucose regulation and clinical characteristics among patients with stroke in the Chinese population is uncertain. We investigated the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in Chinese patients after stroke onset in a ...

A 14-yr-old girl presented with eruptive xanthomata and hypertriglyceridemia. This rare presentation led to diagnoses of diabetes and familial dysbetalipoproteinemia. Type 1 diabetes is a common childhood illness often presenting in adolescence. However, this patient's past medical history revealed valproate-induced severe acute pancreatitis with necrosis at the age of 5 ...

Aims:  To observe the effects of active glucose monitoring, alteration of drug dosage and timing, dietary counselling and patient education in the occurrence of acute diabetic complications in fasting individuals with diabetes during the month of Ramadan. Methods:  This prospective study was conducted at the outpatient department of the Baqai ...

Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute glycemia increase on microvasculature and endothelium in Type 1 diabetes during hyperinsulinemic clamp. Patients and Methods. Sixteen patients (51 ± 7 yrs) without complications were examined during iso- and hyperglycemic clamp (glucose increase 5.5 mmol·L(-1)). Insulin, lipid parameters, cell ...

A 10-year-old girl presented with diabetic ketoacidosis, shock, and severe abdominal pain. She was found to have acute pancreatitis and acute kidney injury after shock resuscitation and severe persistent hypertriglyceridemia. The severe hypertriglyceridemia was treated with 1 course of plasmapheresis, which corrected the triglyceride level and was temporally associated with ...

Patients with an acute psychotic episode underwent HOMA testing for insulin sensitivity (IS) prior to and after 3 weeks of treatment with olanzapine (n=7) or risperidone (n=7).The HOMA-IS index was reduced in the olanzapine group, but significantly increased in patients treated with risperidone. There was a significant "time×medication" interaction (p=0.03). ...

OBJECTIVE/METHODS: ALARM-HF was an in-hospital observational survey that included 4953 patients admitted for acute heart failure (AHF) in six European countries, Mexico and Australia. This article is a secondary analysis of the survey which evaluates differences in clinical phenotype, treatment regimens and in-hospital outcomes in AHF patients with diabetes mellitus ...

Aims:We analyzed the effects of tight glycemic control on regenerative potential of myocardium during acute myocardial infarction.Patients and Methods:Seventy-five patients with their first acute myocardial infarction undergoing coronary bypass surgery were studied: 25 patients with glycemia below 140 mg/dl served as the control group; hyperglycemic patients (glucose >140 mg/dl) were ...

Here we examined the chronic effects of two cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1) inverse-agonists, rimonabant and ibipinabant, in hyperinsulinemic Zucker rats in order to examine their chronic effects on insulinemia. Rimonabant and ibipinabant (10mg/kg/day) elicited body weight-independent improvements in insulinemia and glycemia during 10-week chronic treatment. To elucidate the mechanism of insulin ...

In neonatal diabetes mellitus resulting from mutations in EIF2AK3, PTF1A, HNF1B, PDX1 or RFX6, pancreatic aplasia or hypoplasia is typical. In maturity-onset diabetes mellitus of the young (MODY), mutations in HNF1B result in aplasia of pancreatic body and tail, and mutations in CEL lead to lipomatosis. The pancreas is not ...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus secondary to pancreatic diseases is a condition seldom thought of in clinical practice. Yet, a high percentage of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency has been reported for the general population and especially for diabetic subjects. Thus we investigated the prevalence of diabetes mellitus due to pancreatic diseases. METHODS: In ...

Porphyrias are diseases caused by partial deficiencies of haem biosynthesis enzymes. Acute porphyrias are characterized by a neuropsychiatric syndrome with intermittent induction of hepatic δ-aminolevulinate synthase 1 (ALAS-1), first and rate-limiting enzyme of haem pathway. Porphyria acute attacks are usually treated with glucose administration, its effect is apparently related to ...

Objective: To report the first post-marketing case of necrotizing pancreatitis in a patient on a combination of sitagliptin and exenatide.Methods: We describe the patient's clinical presentation, laboratory test results, imaging and autopsy findings of the study patient.Results: A 76-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with ...

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and role of autoantibodies to zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) in three forms (fulminant, acute-onset, and slow-onset) of Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes. One-hundred and ninety-six new-onset patients with type 1 diabetes were studied: 85 were fulminant, 81 acute-onset, and ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus and renal dysfunction are prognostic factors after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, few studies have assessed the effects of renal insufficiency in association with diabetes in the context of AMI. Here, we investigated the clinical outcomes according to the concomitance of renal dysfunction and diabetes mellitus ...

Persistent digital hyperthermia, presumably due to vasodilation, occurs during the developmental and acute stages of insulin-induced laminitis. The objectives of this study were to determine if persistent digital hyperthermia is the principal pathogenic mechanism responsible for the development of laminitis. The potent vasodilator, ATP-MgCl(2) was infused continuously into the distal ...

Aims:  Progressive decline in renal function has been well-described in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, but few studies have assessed the risk of acute renal failure in a large population of patients with Type 2 diabetes. This study quantified the risk of acute renal failure associated with Type 2 diabetes in the ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Obesity is a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with the pathophysiology of both type-2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. Prevention or reduction of chronic low-grade inflammation may be advantageous in relation to obesity related co-morbidity. In this study we investigated the acute effect of dietary ...

Background and purpose:  There is a J-shaped association between admission glycemia and outcome. We designed an intravenous insulin protocol aiming at rapid and strict glucose control in hyperglycemic ischaemic stroke patients. Here, we describe the initial experience, safety, and efficacy of this protocol to achieve and maintain euglycemia in the ...

OBJECTIVE: Activation of the renal renin-angiotensin system in patients with diabetes mellitus appears to contribute to the risk of nephropathy. Recently, it has been recognized than an elevation of prorenin in plasma also provides a strong indication of risk of nephropathy. This study was designed to examine renin-angiotensin system control ...

Objective:  To investigate the prevalence of diabetes in acute pancreatitis (AP), and to compare the clinical features of acute pancreatitis in patients with and without diabetes. Design, patients and measurements:  We retrospectively collected 318 patients with acute pancreatitis in two clinical centers from January 2009 to October 2010. Patient with ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of acute blood glucose fluctuation on the function of rat pancreatic β-cells in vivo. METHODS: In this work, we reported a novel method to induce animal models of acute blood glucose fluctuation and persistent hyperglycemia by regularly intermittent and persistent intravenous injecting high concentration glucose ...

Purpose: To identify the prognostic roles of initial glucose level in the emergency department among patients with acute ischemic stroke, and to evaluate whether or not the impact varied with diabetes. Methods: A total of 774 first-ever ischemic stroke patients admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in ...

BACKGROUND: Weight gain and increased production of leptin may be associated with immuno-modulation and insulin resistance in bipolar disorder. The links among inflammatory markers, leptin, and insulin of bipolar patients from acute mania to full remission remain unclear. METHODS: Thirty-three healthy, bipolar I patients under 45years of age were enrolled. ...

Background: The purpose of the present study was to use virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) to evaluate the relationship between microalbuminuria and plaque components in 920 patients. Methods and Results: Patients with albumin levels <30mg/g creatinine were defined as having normoalbuminuria (n=824), and those with albumin levels 30-300mg/g as having microalbuminuria ...

Tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) stabilizes nephron function from minute-to-minute and adapts to different steady-state inputs to maintain this capability. Such adaptation inherently renders TGF less efficient at buffering long-term disturbances, but the magnitude of loss is unknown. We undertook the present study to measure the compromise between TGF and TGF adaptation ...

OBJECTIVESirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and its activator resveratrol are emerging as major regulators of metabolic processes. We investigate the site of resveratrol action on glucose metabolism and the contribution of SIRT1 to these effects. Because the arcuate nucleus in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) plays a pivotal role in integrating peripheral metabolic ...

BACKGROUND: Admission hyperglycemia impacts ischemic stroke deleteriously but the relative role of acute hyperglycemia (HG) versus diabetes in the pathogenesis of this poor outcome is not clear. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of acute HG on neurovascular outcomes of stroke under control and diabetic conditions. METHODS: Moderate acute HG (140-200 ...

OPINION STATEMENT: There is considerable clinical evidence that hyperglycemia at the onset of acute ischemic stroke may negatively impact not only acute morbidity but also brain recovery. Establishing hyperglycemia treatment protocols is challenging, given the variation among patients and acute stroke care settings. Relatively few randomized trials have examined glycemic ...

Background  In addition to the circulating (endocrine) renin-angiotensin system (RAS), local renin-angiotensin systems are now known to exist in diverse cells and tissues. Amongst these, pancreatic renin-angiotensin systems have recently been identified and may play roles in the physiological regulation of pancreatic function, as well as being implicated in the ...

AIMS: The objectives of this study were to elucidate the effects of a potent dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-IV inhibitor, TS-021, combined with/without metformin on glycemic control and pathological changes in pancreatic islets in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced (HFD-STZ) diabetic mice. MAIN METHODS: The anti-diabetic effects of TS-021 and/or metformin in HFD-STZ ...

Microalbuminuria is an established marker of systemic endothelial dysfunction, which for patients with diabetes signals an increased risk of both diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular complications. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of microalbuminuria is important in the quest of finding new approaches to treat patients with diabetes. Direct acute effects ...

AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the degree of neuropathy (autonomic and somatic) in patients with diabetes mellitus with or without Charcot osteoarthropathy (CA). METHODS: Forty-nine patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2 were investigated. The patient population of interest was the patients with acute Charcot ...

The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for pancreatic fistula (PF) after stapled transection in distal pancreatectomy (DP). Patients undergoing DP using a stapler for transection between 2005 and 2009 were identified from a pancreatic resection database. Variables examined included patient and tumor characteristics, staple size, and ...

The pancreatic islets of Langerhans play a critical role in maintaining blood glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin and several other important peptide hormones. Impaired insulin secretion due to islet dysfunction is linked to the pathogenesis underlying both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Over the past 5 years, emerging proteomic ...

: Diabetic papillopathy is an uncommon cause of transient acute optic disc edema, and during pregnancy it may be easily confused with other more serious disorders that may result in acute visual loss. : We present a case of acute bilateral optic disc edema attributable to diabetic papillopathy in a ...

There are limited data on the contemporary management and outcomes of non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients with diabetes in the "real world." We sought to evaluate (1) the temporal changes in the medical and invasive management and (2) in-hospital outcome of NSTE-ACS patients with and without diabetes. We included ...

OBJECTIVE Hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) is recommended for identifying diabetes and prediabetes. Because HbA(1c) does not fluctuate with recent eating or acute illness, it can be measured in a variety of clinical settings. Although outpatient studies identified HbA(1c)-screening cutoff values for diabetes and prediabetes, HbA(1c)-screening thresholds have not been determined for ...

OBJECTIVE Insulin secretion is often diminished in hyperglycemic patients with type 2 diabetes. We examined whether chronic basal insulin treatment with insulin glargine improves glucose-induced insulin secretion. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fourteen patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin monotherapy received an add-on therapy with insulin glargine over 8 weeks. ...

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a dangerous long-term complication of kidney failure, yet its occurrence early in disease is poorly characterized. Our aim was to investigate the association of reduced kidney function, hypertension and diabetes with acute ischaemic stroke and the outcome thereof. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, the association of ...

The loss of pancreatic parenchyma resulting from pancreatic resection causes an extreme disruption of glucose homeostasis known as pancreatogenic diabetes. This form of glucose intolerance is different from the other forms of diabetes mellitus in that affected individuals suffer frequent episodes of iatrogenic hypoglycemia. The development of sophisticated surgical procedures, ...

Emphysematous epididymo-orchitis is a rare cause of an acute scrotum and is a surgical emergency. Diagnosis is clinically difficult, and sonography with a high-frequency probe is useful to pick up gas shadows in the scrotal wall or testicular substance. A diabetic patient presented with fever, urinary tract infection, and an ...

A 5.5-y-old spayed female ferret (Mustela putorius furo) with a history of adrenal disease, respiratory disease, and chronic obesity was evaluated for progressive lethargy and ataxia, diminished appetite, and possible polyuria and polydipsia. Physical examination revealed obesity, lethargy, tachypnea, dyspnea, a pendulous abdomen, significant weakness and ataxia of the hindlimbs, ...

OBJECTIVE:: This study aimed to investigate the impairment of pancreatic endocrine function and the associated risk factors after acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS:: Fifty-nine patients were subjected to tests of pancreatic function after an attack of pancreatitis. The mean time after the event was 3.5 years. Pancreatic endocrine function was evaluated ...

OBJECTIVE In diabetes, when glucose consumption is restricted, the heart adapts to use fatty acid (FA) exclusively. The majority of FA provided to the heart comes from the breakdown of circulating triglyceride (TG), a process catalyzed by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) located at the vascular lumen. The objective of the current ...

OBJECTIVE: We recently observed a case of propafenone self-poisoning in which the patient was initially unresponsive to conventional therapies such as sodium bicarbonate, dopamine, and norepinephrine but recovered with intravenous glucose-insulin infusion. We raised the hypothesis that insulin may have a cardioprotective effect in acute propafenone toxicity. METHODS: We evaluated ...

Clinical signs of hypophosphatemia, even when severe, are rare in diabetic ketoacidosis despite their high frequency in this condition. This article presents a patient with rhabdomyolysis due to severe hypophosphatemia, where the level of serum phosphorus was observed to be as low as 0.42 mg/dL on the 16th hour of ...

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of glucose abnormalities in patients with acute coronary syndrome and to assess the reliability of certain clinical or analytical variables to predict a pathologic result of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) three months from discharge. Subjects and Methods: Prospective study of 102 patients admitted to ...