The nitric-oxide (NO)-cyclic-guanosine-monophosphate (cGMP) pathway plays a key role in penile erection. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a complication in male diabetic patients that impacts their quality of 1ife. Recently, Yidiyin, a Chinese herbal decoction, is used to treat diabetic ED, but convincing evidence is lacking, and the potential mechanisms remain ...

Puerarin is an isoflavonoid isolated from the root of the plant Pueraria lobata and has been used as a prescribed drug in China for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the clinical practice. Puerarin possesses potential therapeutic activities for metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. However, little is yet known about its ...

Painful diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and can affect many aspects of life and severely limit patients' daily functions. Signals of painful diabetic neuropathy are believed to originate in the peripheral nervous system. However, its peripheral mechanism of hyperalgesia has remained elusive. Numerous studies have accumulated ...

Metformin represents the cornerstone of treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Traditionally, heart failure (HF) was considered a contraindication to its use. However, more recent evidence has shown that this should no longer be the case. Indeed, studies have demonstrated that metformin may even reduce the risk of incident HF ...

Abstract Objective: The study aims to explore the prevalence and clinical features of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (F1DM). Subjects and Methods: We analyzed 11,202 patients who were diagnosed having diabetes and admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Nanjin First Hospital, Nanjin, China, from September 2005 to April 2011. Among ...

Diabetes is associated with increased risk of mortality in heart failure. We examined the association of diabetes with expenditures, hospitalizations, and procedures among Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure during the last 6 months of life. In a 5% national Medicare sample, the prevalence of diabetes was 41.7% among 16,613 beneficiaries ...

We document the first reported case of fulminant diabetes, without evidence of pancreatic islet autoimmunity, in Australia in a woman of Chinese Vietnamese background. Fulminant diabetes occurs primarily in Asia, particularly in Japan, but with widespread population migration clinicians need to be aware of this form of diabetes.

Prevalence of diabetes and heart failure are increasing exponentially worldwide. Diabetes is well-known to increase the risk of heart failure independent of other traditional risk factors and ischemia. Current evidence indicates the presence of several biochemical and molecular changes associated with diabetes that lead to diastolic dysfunction or American Heart ...

Type 2 diabetes is an important risk factor for heart failure and is common among patients with heart failure. The impact of weight on prognosis after hospitalization for acute heart failure among patients with diabetes is unknown. The objective of this study was to examine all-cause mortality in relation to ...

New sensors for real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and pumps for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), possibly mounted on the same device, opened new scenarios for Type-1 diabetes treatment. However, possible failures of either CGM or CSII can expose diabetic patients to risks that can be dangerous especially overnight. In ...

Poor glycaemic control is associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes, but whether glycaemic control is associated with heart failure in such patients is not known. We aimed to assess this association in a large cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes identified from the Swedish national ...

AIM: To report the first case of fulminant-like type 1 diabetes mellitus in a Hispanic woman from the United States. METHOD: The clinical presentation and laboratory data is presented of a Hispanic woman that was diagnosed with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus with a review of the literature. RESULTS: An ...

Introduction: Candesartan cilexetil is one of the most often-used first-line drugs regarding the management of arterial hypertension. Moreover, this drug has proven its effectiveness in chronic heart failure and exerts beneficial effects in diabetes, stroke, dementia and atrial fibrillation. Areas covered: This review focuses on the use of candesartan cilexetil ...

To compare functional and structural changes of the left ventricle and long-term clinical outcomes in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with heart failure undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Sixty-eight patients with heart failure undergoing CRT were included: 18 were diabetic patients and 50 nondiabetic patients. The CRT eligibility was established by ...

OBJECTIVES: Presence of diabetes mellitus has been shown to be related with the occurrence of primary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure in some but not in all studies. In the current study, we examined whether glycemic control as evaluated by HbA1c is independently related with primary AVF failure. METHODS: We recorded ...

This report presents the case of a 47-year-old female patient with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus and myocarditis. Following a high fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, diabetic ketoacidosis occurred and she was transferred to the hospital. The plasma glucose level was 63.6mmol/L and HbA1c was 7.0%. C-peptide was undetectable in ...

: To evaluate the feasibility and safe operationalization of a pediatric glycemic control protocol in the setting of a general pediatric intensive care unit in a developing country. : Prospective, observational cohort study carried out over 12 months. : Fourteen-bed pediatric intensive care unit in Brazil. : Children requiring mechanical ...

We report an uncommon case of an insulin-treated diabetic patient, presenting severe hypoglycemia, coma, marked sinus bradycardia and QT prolongation. Intravenous administration of glucose and atropine awaked the patient and increased heart rate but did not affect QT prolongation. Basal and exercise electrocardiogram excluded primary diseases associated with QT prolongation. ...

Epidemiologic as well as clinical studies confirm the close link between diabetes mellitus and heart failure. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is still a poorly understood "entity", however, with several contributing pathogenetic factors which lead in different stages of diabetes to characteristic clinical phenotypes. Hyperglycemia with a shift from glucose metabolism to ...

Evaluation of: Aguilar D, Chan W, Bozkurt B, Ramasubbu K, Deswal A. Metformin use and mortality in ambulatory patients with diabetes and heart failure. Circ. Heart Fail. 4(1), 53-58 (2010). Metformin has long been the cornerstone of therapy for glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes worldwide. It is ...

To assess heart failure therapies in diabetic patients with preserved as compared to impaired systolic ventricular function. 3304 patients with heart failure from 9 different studies were included (mean age 63 ± 14 years); out of these, 711 subjects had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (≥ 50%) and 994 patients ...

Thrombocytopenia associated multiple organ failure is a rare but increasingly recognized condition in children. Diabetic ketoacidosis preceding thrombocytopenia associated multiple organ failure is previously unreported in pediatric patients. A 12-year-old female presented with diabetic ketoacidosis along with acute pancreatitis. She further developed thrombocytopenia and renal failure over the next two ...

Fulminant type 1 diabetes has recently been identified as a new subtype of idiopathic diabetes that is mostly found in Japanese adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency as well as the clinical and laboratory characteristics of fulminant type 1 diabetes among Korean children with childhood-onset ...

Chronic heart failure is associated with endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance. The aim of this investigation was to study insulin-stimulated endothelial function and glucose uptake in skeletal muscles in patients with heart failure in comparison to patients with type 2 diabetes. Twenty-three patients with systolic heart failure and no history ...

Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of heart failure independently of underlying coronary artery disease. It also causes skeletal muscle dysfunction, which is responsible for reduced exercise capacity commonly seen in heart failure. The underlying pathogenesis is partially understood. Several factors may contribute to the development of cardiac and skeletal muscle ...

It is undecided whether glucose control as advocated by the professional organisations and the glucose-lowering method by itself affects clinical outcome in patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalised in general medical wards. Our aim was to investigate whether a basal/bolus regimen and a modified prehospitalisation regimen have a different impact on ...

The present study aimed to determine the effect of black soy peptide supplementation on glucose control in subjects with prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance) and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, subjects with prediabetes and type 2 DM were randomly assigned ...

We report a case of immeasurable levels of serum phosphate in a patient with juvenile type Diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis who developed respiratory failure. A 27-year-old female with juvenile type insulin-dependent Diabetes mellitus was admitted because of suspected acute mediastinitis and respiratory failure, probably, among other responsible factors, caused ...

Maintenance of appropriate capillary blood glucose in cardiovascular surgery patients has been associated with improved outcomes, including lower mortality. Interpatient variability in insulin resistance can make management difficult, leading to unexpected episodes of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. To improve postoperative glucose control at our institution, a patient-specific insulin-resistance-guided (IRG) protocol was ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the optimal dose, efficacy and safety of a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor, LC15-0444, in Korean subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by diet and exercise. This study was a double-blind, randomized, multicenter and parallel-group, dose-range finding study. We enrolled 145 ...

The impact of intensive insulin therapy on the clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients is highly controversial. We used a protocol based on dynamic insulin administration targeted to achieve moderately tight glycemic control and tested its impact on clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery. Patients with diabetes mellitus or random blood glucose ...

BACKGROUND: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is increasing in prevalence. Patients with CHF usually have co-morbid conditions, but these have been subjected to little research and consequently there is a paucity of guidance on how to manage them. Obesity and diabetes mellitus are common antecedents of CHF and often complicate management ...

A recent coronial inquest examined the death of a patient, 17 years of age, from fulminant diabetic ketoacidosis.1 The patient's presentation with diabetic ketoacidosis was the first manifestation of the onset of type 1 diabetes. This article examines the Coroner's findings and recommendations.

To assess the efficacy and safety of ezetimibe/simvastatin (E/S) plus extended-release niacin (N) in hyperlipidaemic patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS) without DM (MetS/non-DM) or neither (non-DM/non-MetS). A subgroup analysis of a double-blind, 64-week trial of 1220 randomized patients who received E/S (10/20 mg) + N (to 2 ...

To compare the effectiveness and safety of a paper-based and a computerized algorithm used for tight glycemic control. Academic pediatric intensive care unit. Retrospective cohort study. Two groups of nondiabetic critically ill children with persistent hyperglycemia (blood glucose ≥140 mg/dL [ ≥7.8 mmol/L] for at least 2 hrs) were included. ...

The objective of this study is to examine the efficacy and tolerability of miglitol with respect to improving glycemic control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled by diet and sulfonylurea treatment. This was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. A total of 105 patients were randomized ...

Morinda citrifolia is a medicinal plant used to treat diabetes and liver diseases. The fermented fruit juice of the M. Citrifolia (optical density = 1.25) was used to study the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective properties in diabetes-induced rats. The rats were randomly distributed into 4 groups (control, diabetic experimental, diabetic standard, and diabetic ...

An observational pilot study of 41 medical and surgical intensive care patients on infusion insulin at our own institution found that glycemic control rapidly deteriorated within 48 hours of stopping infusion insulin. This prompted the design and testing of a transition protocol. The transition protocol identified appropriate patients for subcutaneous ...

WHAT IS KNOWN: The increased risk of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients has been related to numerous metabolic and haemoreological factors. Some of these factors appear to be particularly evident during the post-prandial phases and to be related to peak plasma glucose level. To compare the effect of addition of ...

Type 2 diabetes patients on chronic hemodialysis have a high prevalence of cardiovascular complications and often show a poor glycemic control. Single-spot glycemic measurements are not always meaningful, and the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) value does not reflect short-term variations in glucose metabolism in this patient category. Therefore, to better understand ...

To review the efficacy and safety of liraglutide from the phase 3 trials, focusing primarily on glycaemic control. Liraglutide was shown to reduce glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c) ) levels by up to 1.5% from baseline, significantly more than the comparators sitagliptin (-0.9%), glimepiride (-0.5%), rosiglitazone (-0.4%), insulin glargine (-1.1%) and exenatide ...

Although A1C is now recommended to diagnose diabetes, its test performance for diagnosis and prognosis is uncertain. Our objective was to assess the test performance of A1C against single and repeat glucose measurements for diagnosis of prevalent diabetes and for prediction of incident diabetes. We conducted population-based analyses of 12,485 ...

To determine the effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating pattern on cardiometabolic risks in type 2 diabetic patients. A randomized crossover clinical trial was undertaken in 31 type 2 diabetic patients. For 8 weeks, participants were randomly assigned to a control diet or the DASH eating ...

In developed countries, medical awareness about the disease and how to deal with it is less acknowledged. With diabetes mellitus the situation becomes more serious due to the fact that it affects nearly all parts of the body and may lead to loss of vision. In this study, the variation ...

Objective: To determine the dose-response and time course of action of a single dose of dexamethasone on plasma glucose and insulin dynamics in healthy adults.Methods: Participants included healthy adults who met the following inclusion criteria: 18 to 65 years of age, body mass index of 18 to 25 kg/m2, no ...

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with poor outcome in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The relationship between LDL-C and mortality in patients with STEMI has not been well established. ...

To decrease the risk of postprandial hyperglycemia and late hypoglycemia in elderly people with diabetes who eat rice porridge for breakfast, we administered 50mg acarbose to 30 elderly people with type 2 diabetes. The results demonstrated that acarbose could prevent the fluctuations in post-breakfast blood glucose levels.

Bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes results systematically in adequate glycemic control, normalization of insulinemia, and a decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin, effects that appear early after surgery in nearly 80 to 90% of them. Possible reasons that have been discussed are a decrease in caloric consumption, ...

In adults, higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, even within the normoglycemic range, are associated with increased diabetes risk. This investigation tested the hypothesis that beta-cell function relative to insulin sensitivity decreases with increasing FPG in youth. A total of 223 youth with FPG <126 mg/dl underwent evaluation of first- ...

To determine which glucose levels are associated with improved morbidity and mortality in thermally injured patients. Tight euglycemic control was rapidly implemented in intensive care units around the world, but there is increasing evidence that tight euglycemic control is associated with detrimental outcomes. Currently, no study exists that indicates which ...