Despite advances in endovascular techniques, the success of these revascularization procedures is limited by neointimal hyperplasia and subsequent restenosis or occlusion. Infrainguinal interventions have higher rates of restenosis after intervention in comparison to other vascular beds, and this is likely due to a host of anatomic, mechanical, biological and rheological ...

Aims:  The aim of this pilot study was to generate an initial estimate of the prevalence and correlates of diabetic retinopathy in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of youth with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods:  A pilot study was conducted among 222 individuals with Type 1 diabetes (79% non-Hispanic ...

INTRODUCTION: Patients with T2DM often view self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) as burdensome and pointless, which may affect their broader attitudes toward diabetes management. We examined how a structured SMBG protocol influenced diabetes self-efficacy and autonomous motivation over time, and linked these to changes in glycemic control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is a prevalent chronic condition globally that results in extensive morbidity, decreased quality of life, and increased health services utilization. Lifestyle changes can prevent the development of diabetes, but require patient engagement. Genetic risk testing might represent a new tool to increase patients' motivation for ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether diabetes free healthy non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB), and Mexican-Americans (MA) who are told of their diabetes risk were more likely to adopt healthy lifestyle behavior defined as current weight control, physical activity and reduced fat/calories intake than those ...

AIMS: With the globally increasing prevalence of diabetes and the knowledge on how to prevent the disease there is a high demand for an effective way of identifying people at risk. The hypothesis behind this investigation was that incorporation of the FINnish Diabetes Risk SCore (FINDRISC) questionnaire in a regular ...

AIM: To evaluate perceived risk, control, worry, and severity about diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke among individuals at increased familial risk of diabetes. METHODS: Data analyses were based on the Family Healthware™ Impact Trial. Baseline health beliefs were compared across three groups: (1) no family history of diabetes, ...

Prospective epidemiologic studies have characterized major risk factors for incident diabetes by a variety of diabetes case definitions. Whether different definitions alter the association of diabetes with risk factors is largely unknown. Using 1987-1998 data from the ongoing Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, the authors assessed the relation of ...

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes genetic risk testing might motivate at-risk patients to adopt diabetes prevention behaviors. However, the influence of literacy and numeracy on patient response to diabetes genetic risk is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the association of health literacy, genetic literacy, and health numeracy with patient responses to ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare β-cell function in adolescents and adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM). STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-nine adolescents with T2DM, 38 age- and weight-matched control subjects, and 19 adults with T2DM were studied. The adolescent subjects with diabetes were divided on the basis of whether they needed insulin ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: European ecologic studies suggest higher socioeconomic status is associated with higher incidence of type 1 diabetes. Using data from a case-control study of diabetes among racially/ethnically diverse youth in the United States (U.S.), we aimed to evaluate the independent impact of neighborhood characteristics on type 1 diabetes risk. ...

OBJECTIVEIt is unclear whether coronary artery calcium (CAC) is effective for risk stratifying patients with diabetes in whom treatment decisions are uncertain.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSOf 44,052 asymptomatic individuals referred for CAC testing, we studied 2,384 individuals with diabetes. Subjects were followed for a mean of 5.6 ± 2.6 years for ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the relationships between diabetes management self-efficacy and diabetes self-management behaviors and glycemic control. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 223 subjects with type 2 diabetes, ≥25 years old, who sought care at the National Diabetes Center in Amman, Jordan, was ...

PURPOSE: To purpose of the pilot study was to evaluate the use of a pediatric human patient simulator (HPS) to teach parents diabetes management for their children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, referred to as Parent Education Through Simulation-Diabetes.METHODS: A focus group study and 2 pilot studies (1-group study ...

Emerging adulthood, a developmental period from late adolescence to the late twenties, is a critical transition for youths with type 1 diabetes. This article proposes a framework for emerging adults with diabetes during this transitional time, integrating theoretical writings on transitions and emerging adulthood with empirical findings from younger adolescents ...

Most recent meta-analyses of morbidity-mortality risk hazards brought about by the presence of diabetes as compared with non-diabetics underline the dominant risk of renal disease and cardiovascular outcomes and the relevance of blood glucose, blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol levels. The translation of this reality into therapeutic guidelines always requires ...

ABSTRACT:: Overweight, obesity, pre-diabetes and diabetes have become epidemic in most of Western society. An estimated 25.8 million United States adults have diabetes and some 79 million have prediabetes and are thus at high risk for future development of diabetes. Appropriate treatment of the ABCs of diabetes [A1C, blood pressure ...

To evaluate the association between psoriasis and risk of diabetes, pertinent studies were identified by searching electronic databases and by reviewing the reference lists of retrieved articles. We included observational studies that examined the association between psoriasis and risk of diabetes. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility and used a standardized ...

The evidence of the relationship between fiber intake and control of diabetes is mixed. The purpose of this study was to determine if an increase in dietary fiber affects glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Randomized studies published from January 1, 1980, ...

Despite a growing diabetes crisis, the nonmedical implications for young adults have gone virtually unexplored. We investigated the effects of diabetes on two key outcomes for this age group-schooling and earnings-and found that it delivers an increasingly common "health shock" to both. We identified effects in several measures of educational ...

The current study described patterns of yoga practice and examined differences in physical activity over time between individuals with or at risk for type 2 diabetes who completed an 8-week yoga intervention compared with controls. A longitudinal comparative design measured the effect of a yoga intervention on yoga practice and ...

Peer support is a promising strategy for the reduction of diabetes-related health disparities; however, few studies describe the development of such strategies in enough detail to allow for replication. The objective of this article is to describe the development of a 1-year peer support intervention to improve diabetes self-management among ...

Aim: To study the Framingham cardiovascular risk assessment scores in subjects with diabetes and their association with diabetic retinopathy in subjects with diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this population-based prospective study, subjects with diabetes were recruited (n=1248; age ≥40 years). The Framingham cardiovascular risk scores were calculated for 1248 subjects ...

The aim was to study the effect of family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in normoglycemic offspring. Offspring of T2DM patients (cases) and individuals without family history of T2DM (controls) were the subjects for this cross-sectional study. All participants underwent 75 g ...

OBJECTIVEWe investigated the effect of early-phase insulin secretion on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) participating in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. We examined how a lifestyle intervention affected early-phase insulin secretion (ratio of total insulin area under the curve [AUC] and total ...

Akt plays a major role in insulin regulation of metabolism in muscle, fat and liver. Here we show that in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, Akt operates optimally over a limited dynamic range. This indicates that Akt is a highly sensitive amplification step in the pathway. With robust insulin stimulation, substantial changes in ...

OBJECTIVES: To analyse how psychosocial determinants of lifestyle changes targeted in the Greater Green Triangle Diabetes Prevention Project conducted in Southeast Australia in 2004-2006 predict changes in dietary behaviour and clinical risk factors. METHODS: A longitudinal pre-test and post-test study design was used. The group program was completed by 237 ...

BACKGROUND: To compare risk factors, stroke characteristics, and short-term prognosis between diabetic and nondiabetic young ischemic stroke patients to provide information for patient management, counseling, and future research in these patient groups. METHODS: All consecutive patients between the ages of 18 and 45 years with first-ever cerebral infarction during 2001-2010 ...

Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent condition in patients participating in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. However, research and subsequent guidelines specifically applicable to patients with diabetes, participating in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, are limited. Recognizing this limitation, the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation (AACVPR) initiated this statement, with the goal of developing ...

Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is a core component of diabetes management. However, the International Diabetes Federation recommends that SMBG be performed in a structured manner and that the data are accurately interpreted and used to take appropriate therapeutic actions. We designed a study to evaluate the impact of structured ...

OBJECTIVEThere is limited information on whether recent improvements in the control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among individuals with diabetes have been concentrated in particular sociodemographic groups. This article estimates racial/ethnic- and education-related disparities and examines trends in uncontrolled CVD risk factors among adults with diabetes. The main racial/ethnic ...

ContextA recent overview of all CVD models applicable to diabetes patients is not available.ObjectiveTo review the primary prevention studies that focused on the development, validation and impact assessment of a cardiovascular risk model, scores or rules that can be applied to patients with type 2 diabetes.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMedline was searched ...

OBJECTIVE:: Identifying and describing successful diabetes-related (SDR) behaviors from reports by experiential experts to support people with diabetes in applying for and participating effectively in paid work. METHODS:: Data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews with experiential experts with diabetes (N = 47). RESULTS:: A comprehensive set of SDR behaviors ...

AIMS: To examine the association between type 2 diabetes and serious psychological distress (SPD) and to assess if SPD was an independent risk factor for health risk behaviors and diabetes care among adults with diabetes. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis was performed using the 2007 California Health Interview Survey with adults in ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The rising prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health problem. There is an urgent need for effective lifestyle interventions to prevent the development of T2DM. Sedentary behaviour (sitting time) has recently been identified as a risk factor for diabetes, often independent of the ...

Context:Antibodies to islet autoantigens are detectable many years before clinical onset of type 1 diabetes and can be used to identify individuals at increased risk of diabetes. Zinc transporter 8 is a recently identified islet autoantigen.Objective:Our aim was to determine whether addition of zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) improved prediction ...

Background: To investigate the effect of diabetes on the biomechanical behavior of the optic nerve head (ONH) and the peripapillary sclera (ppSc) in streptozocine-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in 20 Wistar rats using streptozocine. Twenty-five nondiabetic rats served as controls. Eyes were enucleated after 12 weeks and ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is highly prevalent amongst the South Asian communities in Britain. The reasons for this excess CHD risk are multifactorial, but in part relate to a susceptibility to diabetes mellitus - where the aberrant metabolism of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and glucose are likely to ...

This paper deals with the blood glucose level modeling for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) patients. The model is developed using a recurrent neural network trained with an extended Kalman filter based algorithm in order to develop an affine model, which captures the nonlinear behavior of the blood glucose metabolism. ...

Vancouver Coastal Health Authority's Healthy Living Program implemented this pilot study to test and validate the Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire (CANRISK) developed by the Public Health Agency of Canada as a screening tool for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and prediabetes. Key objectives were to test the feasibility ...

Asking a simple question helps uncover at-risk drinking in patients with diabetes, and brief office interventions have proven effective in modifying behavior.

We examined the association of youths' positive qualities, family cohesion, disease management, and metabolic control in Type 1 diabetes. Two-hundred fifty-seven youth-parent dyads completed the Family Cohesion subscale of the Family Environment Scale, the Diabetes Behavior Rating Scale, 24-hour diabetes interview, and youth completed the Positive Qualities subscale of the ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate which glycemic index is more strongly associated with colorectal neoplasia. METHOD: This cross-sectional study enrolled 2,776 participants in a comprehensive health management program which included measurement of fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c, along with screening colonoscopy. Primary outcome was colorectal adenoma with or without dysplasia. Risk factors ...

OBJECTIVETo examine whether combined lifestyle behaviors have an impact on all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients aged 30-94 years with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSParticipants included 5,686 patients >30 years old with T2DM who were enrolled in a Diabetes Care Management Program at a medical center in central ...

We conducted a six-month randomized-controlled-trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a colour-coded HbA1c-graphical record in improving HbA1c level among type 2 diabetes patients. There was an improvement in the mean HbA1c knowledge score but the usage of the colour-coded HbA1c-graphical record did not produce reduction in the HbA1c level.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Poor lifestyle choices are key in development and progression of preventable chronic diseases. The purpose of the study was to design and test a program to mitigate the physical and fiscal consequences of chronic diseases. METHODS: Here we report the outcomes for 429 participants with one or more ...

The primary objective of the current study was to examine the extent to which domain-specific time perspective predicts weight management behaviors (dietary behavior and physical activity) among those newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. A secondary objective was to test potential mediators of the hypothesized effect (behavioral intention, self-efficacy and ...

In the course of the study, we carried out a dielectric examination to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus on the rat corneal function. Measurements were performed over the frequency range of 500Hz-100kHz in air and at the temperatures from 25 to 150°C. The frequency dependencies of the loss tangent ...

OBJECTIVEWe have previously reported evidence of an inverse association between a urinary F(2)-isoprostane and type 2 diabetes risk in a pilot case-control study nested within the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Here, we report the results from the study extended to the entire IRAS cohort.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis prospective study ...

Health risk behaviors including smoking and weight-gain can cause and exacerbate chronic diseases like diabetes. Brief provider advice is an effective intervention to reduce risk from these behaviors. However, behavioral advice is provided more often to those who already have a chronic illness when compared with those who are at ...