Diabet. Med. 29, 227-231 (2012) ABSTRACT: Aims  Gestational diabetes mellitus may precede development of Type 2 diabetes and may be related to cardiovascular disease. Pulse wave velocity measurement is the gold-standard method to evaluate arterial stiffness, a preclinical cardiovascular risk marker. However, the relationship between aortic stiffness and gestational diabetes is ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to use lipidomics to determine if the lipid composition of apolipoprotein-B-containing lipoproteins is modified by dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes and if any of the identified changes potentially have biological relevance in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. METHODS: VLDL and LDL from ...

PURPOSE: We determined the effect of weight loss on the prevalence, incidence and resolution of weekly or more frequent urinary incontinence in overweight/obese women with type 2 diabetes after 1 year of intervention in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Women in this substudy ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and trends of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Bahrain from 2002 to 2010, and to investigate 2 possible risk factors within the affected population. METHODS: In a retrospective survey, data on maternal body weight and age were collected from women who gave birth in government ...

OBJECTIVETo assess the effect of dietary flavonoids on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes on established statin and hypoglycemic therapy.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSDespite being medicated, patients with type 2 diabetes have elevated CVD risk, particularly postmenopausal women. Although dietary flavonoids have been shown to reduce ...

Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases act as two sides of the same coin: diabetes is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease while patients with ischemic cardiovascular diseases often have diabetes or pre-diabetes. As firstly shown by Framingham study, diabetic women have an increased cardiovascular risk some 3.5 fold higher ...

Knowledge regarding the genetic risk loci for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is still limited. In this study, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association analysis in Korean women. In the stage 1 genome scan, 468 women with GDM and 1,242 nondiabetic control women were compared using 2.19 million genotyped or imputed ...

Women with a history of gestational diabetes are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. By identifying this high risk group who have not yet developed the disease, we have the opportunity to try to prevent this progression to diabetes. In this article we review the evidence for different ...

Gestational diabetes mellitus is gaining in importance as a predictor of future health risks for women and their offspring. In women, it is associated with increased long-term risks of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and increased cardiovascular disorders. For offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes risks of gestational diabetes include abnormal glucose ...

OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. The pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-18, is associated with metabolic syndrome, and elevated serum IL-18 levels are related to obesity and insulin resistance in PCOS patients. However, the role of IL-18 in the PCOS remains unclear. ...

Lower serum concentrations of sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) are associated with increased risk for several obesity-related diseases in women including hormone-sensitive cancers, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Previous investigations have reported that body composition, specifically central obesity, and/or higher insulin concentrations are key factors associated with lower ...

The National Diabetes Education Program joins the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (the College) to promote opportunities for obstetrician-gynecologists (ob-gyns) and other primary care providers to better meet the long-term health needs of women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their children. Up to one third of GDM ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate the frequency and compare the prevalence of IRS-1Gly972Arg and IRS-2 Gly1057Asp polymorphisms in PCOS patients and non-diabetic healthy women. MATERIAL(S) AND METHOD(S): Forty eight Iranian women diagnosed with PCOS were enrolled in this study. Fifty two non-diabetics, non-PCOS women were enrolled ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to identify the rate of diabetic patients treated for hypothyroidism and compare them with a group without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the computerized clinical records of 5161 patients. We identified diabetic patients treated with l-thyroxine. ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Women with history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes within 5 years after delivery. Evidence that lactation duration influences incident type 2 diabetes after GDM pregnancy is based on one retrospective study reporting a null association. The Study of Women, ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: This study investigates the associations between changes in serum Triglycerides (S-TG), -Urate (S-Urate), and -Glucose (S-Glu) and changes in serum calcium (S-Ca), -magnesium (S-Mg), and -phosphate (S-P) in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with non-diabetic patients. METHODS: The analysis is based on data collected from a secondary ...

Abstract Objectives: We sought to determine the impact of maternal weight gain on fetal growth in gestational diabetes (GDM) in relation to treatment modality, body mass index (BMI) and glycemic control. Study Design: 2454 GDMs were evaluated. Obesity was defined as BMI >29; good glycemic control < 100mg/dl; maternal age ...

Aims: The progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and other long-term cardiometabolic risks in Chinese women with prior history of gestational diabetes (GD) was studied at 15 years postpartum. Methods: 139 Chinese women (45 with GD and 94 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) at the index pregnancy) who had ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to examine the association between age at menarche and prediabetes as well as diabetes, considering confounding factors and the possible mediating role of adult obesity. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analysed data on 1,503 women aged 32-81 years from the German population-based KORA (Cooperative Health ...

Excessive metabolism of glucose and/or fatty acids may impair insulin signaling by increasing oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to examine the association between insulin sensitivity and protein carbonyls, a systemic marker of oxidative stress, in healthy, nondiabetic women, and to determine if the relationship differed with race. ...

PURPOSE: There is conflicting data regarding visfatin in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of the present study was to compare serum visfatin levels between patients with GDM and subjects with normal pregnancy and to evaluate its relationship with dietary intake and components of insulin-resistance syndrome. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with ...

Diabetes is a risk factor for many cancers; chronic hyperglycemia is hypothesized to be, in part, explanatory. We evaluated the association between glycated hemoglobin, a time-integrated glycemia measure, and cancer incidence and mortality in non-diabetic and diabetic men and women. We conducted a prospective study of 12,792 cancer-free participants attending ...

INTRODUCTION: Poor metabolic control of DM1 is one of the most important, but not the only factor accelerating development of late complications. Therefore, other important factors for this process are being sought. Low paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and high lipid peroxide (LPO) concentration contribute to endothelial damage, but it remains ...

Aims  There is emerging evidence of a relationship between vitamin D insufficiency and glucose intolerance. The aim of this study was to determine whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in early pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods  This nested case-control study examined the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ...

Aims:  We examined whether the relationship between anxiety and indicators of glucose metabolism in people without diabetes varies by race and gender. Methods:  Participants were 914 adults (777 white, 137 black) without diabetes in the MIDUS (Midlife in the USA) II study. Glucose metabolism was characterized by fasting glucose, insulin, ...

Aim:  To characterize patterns of insulin secretion in women with overt diabetes and gestational diabetes (GDM) defined by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria. Material and Methods:  A total of 228 Japanese women were examined retrospectively. All 228 women had a positive 50-g glucose challenge ...

Phospholipids have important roles in many biological processes, but their role in fetal malformation in pregnancy in diabetes is unclear. Metabolic fingerprinting of placental phospholipids in pregnant streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats was performed using Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Some of the fetuses from the pregnant diabetic rats ...

The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) identifies patients with a pancreatic β-cell defect. In some patients, the defect is transient or stable, but in most it is progressive, imparting a high risk of diabetes for at least a decade after the index pregnancy. The β-cell defects in GDM can ...

The influence of family history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) on basal metabolic rate (BMR) has been investigated in 116 voluntarily women: 25 sedentary and 34 athletes without a family predisposition to type 2 diabetes (FH-); 21 sedentary and 15 athletes with a second degree predisposition to NIDDM (FH+); 10 sedentary ...

Rotating night shift work disrupts circadian rhythms and has been associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and glucose dysregulation. However, its association with type 2 diabetes remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate this association in two cohorts of US women. We followed 69,269 women aged 42-67 in Nurses' Health Study ...

Maternal pregestational diabetes increases the risks of fetal malformations, miscarriage and perinatal death. The risk increases with the HbA1c level. For women known to have diabetes, optimal glycaemic control before conception and at the start of pregnancy probably reduces these risks.

Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which has effects similar to insulin, reduces blood glucose level, improves insulin sensitivity and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes (GDM).Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate the concentration of IGF-1 in pregnant women with GDM and 3 ...

Background. Osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, is also known as a regulator of glucose and fat mass. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between obesity, metabolic risks and serum osteocalcin in postmenopausal women. Methods. We selected 214 postmenopausal women and determined serum osteocalcin, fasting plasma ...

Poorly controlled diabetes before conception and during pregnancy among women with pre-existing diabetes can cause major birth defects and spontaneous abortions, as wells as abnormal fetal growth and development including an offspring who is small or large for gestational age, or predisposed to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome ...

Objective The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) recently proposed criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes (GDM). We compared prevalence rates, risk factors and the effect of ethnicity, using the WHO and modified IADPSG criteria.Methods Population-based cohort study of 823 (74% of eligible) healthy pregnant women, 59% from ...

Rosiglitazone often results in weight gain. We hypothesized that rosiglitazone may modulate circulating levels of ghrelin and peptide YY(3-36) and this modulation may be related to weight-gaining effect of this agent. This study was designed as an open-label, randomized, controlled trial of 3-month duration. Women with newly diagnosed type 2 ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The prevalence of births worldwide complicated by diabetes mellitus is increasing. In the UK, for example, <25% of diabetic women have a non-instrumental vaginal delivery. Strikingly, more than half the Caesarean sections (CS) in these patients are non-elective, but the reasons for this are not understood. We have tested ...

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relation of processed and unprocessed red meat and incident type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe conducted a prospective study among 66,118 disease-free French women with dietary information from a validated questionnaire. Between 1993 and 2007, we identified 1,369 cases of incident diabetes. Multivariate analyses were adjusted for ...

To compare the timing, duration, and severity of corticosteroid-associated hyperglycemia in pregnant women with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). An observational study was conducted of pregnant women with DM and controls who received corticosteroids. Median glucose levels were calculated over 4-hour intervals after the first dose of corticosteroid with a ...

Current knowledge and advances in insulin formulations, insulin pump technology, and blood glucose monitoring techniques have improved practitioners' ability to achieve diabetic people's blood glucose targets. Practitioners and pregnant women should bear in mind that important differences exist in glucose metabolism during pregnancy and require a different approach from non-pregnant ...

It has been suggested that type 2 diabetes mellitus may affect breast cancer prognosis, possibly due to increased diabetes-related comorbidity, or direct effects of insulin resistance and/or hyperinsulinemia. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of diabetes on disease-free survival (DFS) following mastectomy for breast cancer patients. ...

Objective. We evaluated screening with a diagnostic oral Glucose Tolerance Test earlier than 20 weeks gestation in women with moderate/severe obesity. Design. Prospective observational study. Population. We enrolled 100 women booking for antenatal care in the first trimester at their convenience. Setting. Large university teaching hospital. Methods. Height and weight ...

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effect of treatment with transdermal estrogen and phytoestrogen on insulin sensitivity and SHBG levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: Forty-three healthy postmenopausal women age 68 ± 7 (mean ± SD) years who were not receiving hormonal ...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Although maternal hyperglycaemia is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome, the mechanisms of postprandial hyperglycaemia during pregnancy are poorly understood. We aimed to describe glucose turnover in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes, according to stage of gestation (early vs late gestation). METHODS: The rates of systemic ...

BACKGROUND: Combination oral contraceptives (OCs) have little effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in normal-weight women. Based on lack of change in intermediate markers, as well as results of epidemiologic studies, low-dose OCs do not increase the risk of diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Obesity is a risk factor for impaired ...

Objective: To investigate the incidence of glucose intolerance postpartum in women with gestational diabetes (GDM) and assess body weight, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations after delivery. Methods: This was a study of an initial cohort of 100 women with GDM who were tested at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes related morbidity increases along the continuum of the glycemic spectrum. Perinatal mortality, as a complication of gestational diabetes, has been little investigated. In early studies, an association was found, but in more recent ones it has not been confirmed. The Brazilian Study of Gestational Diabetes, a ...

Citation Gueuvoghlanian-Silva BY, Torloni MR, Mattar R, de Oliveira LS, Scomparini FB, Nakamura MU, Daher S. Profile of inflammatory mediators in gestational diabetes mellitus: phenotype and genotype. Am J Reprod Immunol 2011 Problem  Our study aimed to assess in vitro production of IL-10, IL-6, TNF-A, and adiponectin serum levels in ...

Intravenous glucose tolerance tests have demonstrated lower whole-body insulin sensitivity (S(I)) among African Americans (AA) compared with European Americans (EA). Whole-body S(I) represents both insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, primarily by skeletal muscle, and insulin's suppression of endogenous glucose production (EGP) by liver. A mathematical model was recently introduced that allows for ...

ABSTRACT Objective: To review the evidence supporting incorporation of sonographic fetal measurements in deciding whether or not to add insulin to diet therapy independent of maternal glucose measures for women who have gestational diabetes. Methods: A literature search was conducted for studies incorporating sonographic estimates of fetal measures in the ...