OBJECTIVE: Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) is a key determinant of plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Genetic variation at the APOA5 locus could be responsible for some of the observed differences in response to fenofibrate therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the association between tag SNPs (-1131T>C and 56C>G) at APOA5 and TG ...

Polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein E (Apo E) gene have been associated with lipid levels, carotid intima media thickness (CCA-IMT), inflammation and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Earlier findings suggested an association of the Apo E alleles with increased CCA-IMT following a recessive pattern. Whether associations might be independent of C-reactive protein (CRP), ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aims of this study were to establish the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria, and to assess the association of MS with other cardiovascular (CV) risk factors ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to study the occurrence of cardiometabolic risk variables, their clustering, and their association with insulin resistance among healthy adolescents in urban south India. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: School children aged 12-19 years (n = 2,640; 1,323 boys and 1,317 girls) from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds were studied. Demographic, ...

Apolipoprotein (apo) A-V has been the focus of significant attention as a potential modulator of plasma triglyceride (TG) in spite of its very low plasma concentration. TG levels are frequently elevated in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which is associated with a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease among them. ...

Vascular complications, such as atherosclerosis, represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary flaxseed supplementation, a rich source of lignans, a-linolenic acid and soluble fiber mucilage on serum and hepatic lipid concentrations in streptozotocin-induced diabetes ...

To examine metabolic changes (lipids, liver enzymes, blood pressure, and weight) potentially associated with conversion to diabetes, we analyzed serial glucose and other metabolic measures obtained every 6 months within the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study trial. Changes in parameters for 86 men who converted to new-onset diabetes ("converters": ...

AIMS: High cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) concentrations are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in subjects with high triglycerides. We determined the relationship of plasma CETP with incident CVD in a population with relatively low triglycerides. METHODS AND RESULTS: A nested case-control study was performed in men ...

BACKGROUND: Visfatin [pre-B cell colony- enhancing factor (PBEF)] is a cytokine highly expressed in visceral fat that exhibits insulin-mimetic properties. However, its role in insulin-resistant states, such as in metabolic syndrome (MetS), remains largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible differences of plasma visfatin levels between obese and overweight subjects ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 24-week effects on glucose tolerance of switching from a protease inhibitor (PI)-based to an unboosted atazanavir-including regimen in highly pretreated HIV-1 infected subjects with metabolic alterations. DESIGN: Prospective, open-label, single-center, 24-week pilot study. METHODS: Twenty-one subjects underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at baseline (BL) ...

CONTEXT: The worldwide epidemic of overweight and obesity is setting the scene for a new wave of premature cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to define relationships between dyslipidemia and other metabolic abnormalities in overweight subjects. DESIGN: This study included comparison of overweight subjects with and without ...

Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have reduced expression of apolipoprotein E (apoE) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in lung tissues, and deficiency of both has been linked to insulin resistance. ApoE deficiency leads to enhanced platelet-derived growth factor signaling, which is important in the pathobiology of PAH. We therefore hypothesized ...

OBJECTIVE: This is a retrospective chart review of psychiatric outpatients switched to aripiprazole from another second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) examining whether metabolic parameters improved after the switch. METHOD: Twenty-four psychiatric outpatients who had been switched to aripiprazole from another SGA were evaluated. Data were collected from October 6, 2004, until February ...

Impaired lipid metabolism resulting from uncontrolled hyperglycaemia has been implicated in cardiovascular complications in diabetes patients. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of glycaemic control on the lipid profile of diabetic patients. We also determined the ability of glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) as an indirect marker of ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between cardiovascular risk factors and arterial stiffness, measured as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), in healthy adolescents. STUDY DESIGN: In this cross-sectional study, 178 male and 84 female adolescents, aged 12 to 18 years, were recruited. Total homocysteine levels, serum lipid profiles, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ...

BACKGROUND: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), defined as logarithm [log] of the ratio of plasma concentration of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, has recently been proposed as a predictive marker for plasma atherogenicity and is positively correlated with cardiovascular disease risk. The nutrient combination of chromium picolinate and ...

Parameters of HDL (concentrations of cholesterol, apoprotein A1, and phospholipids and phospholipid composition) determining their functional properties were studied in patients with arterial hypertension in combination with other components of metabolic syndrome (abdominal obesity, hyperlipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance). Patients with isolated arterial hypertension did not differ from the control ...

AIMS: To measure the prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (men < 1.03 mmol/l; women < 1.29 mmol/l) in European Type 2 diabetic patients receiving treatment for dyslipidaemia. METHODS: The pan-European Survey of HDL-cholesterol measured lipids and other cardiovascular risk factors in 3866 patients with Type 2 diabetes and 4436 ...

OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that molecules active in vascular remodeling (i.e. MMPs and their TIMPs) could be modified in diabetic patients, as indirect markers of the diabetes related generalized abnormality of vascular activity. To test this hypothesis, we measured the plasma levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in type 2 ...

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess lipoprotein profile in Qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to assess its relationship to coronary artery disease (CAD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This is a prospective study conducted during a period May to October 2004 at the Hamad General ...

One of the fundamental goals of lipidomics research is to identify the linkage of an individual gene with a given lipidome, thereby revealing the role of that gene in lipid metabolism, transport, and homeostasis. In this study, we have identified four apolipoprotein E (apoE)-induced alterations in the lipidome of mouse ...

OBJECTIVE: Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa) is an herb commonly used to treat menopausal symptoms. Little is known about its effect on other physiologic parameters that could result in untoward events. This study examines the effect of black cohosh on lipids, fibrinogen, glucose and insulin. METHODS: Three hundred and fifty-one, 45-55 ...

BACKGROUND: The emergence of the World Wide Web in the last decade has made it feasible for the Internet to be a vehicle for chronic disease management. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial (n = 62) testing the effects of a 6-month web-based intervention plus usual care, compared with usual care ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Phytosterols and stanols are plant derivatives that compete with cholesterol for intestinal absorption and thereby lower serum cholesterol concentrations. They have been developed as food additives to help lower serum cholesterol but there is concern that these additives could inadvertently increase cardiovascular risk. This concern arises from ...

OBJECTIVE: Because cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and dyslipidemia is an important CVD risk factor, we investigated dyslipidemia and its treatment in children with T1D. STUDY DESIGN: Subjects had T1D (n = 360), repeated lipid measurements (n = 1095; ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship of serum lipid concentrations with glucose control in youth with diabetes mellitus. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analyses of data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. SETTING: Multicenter study of youth with diabetes onset at younger than 20 years. PATIENTS/ PARTICIPANTS: Nineteen hundred seventy-three SEARCH participants ...

We tested whether hypertriglyceridemia associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is accompanied by alterations in pre beta-HDL, which are considered to be initial acceptors of cell-derived cholesterol, and by changes in the ability of plasma to promote cellular cholesterol efflux. In 28 hypertriglyceridemic and 56 normotriglyceridemic type 2 diabetic patients, ...

OBJECTIVE: Lipid abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are common and are likely to be one of the causes of premature atherosclerosis in these patients. This study was undertaken to serially examine the lipid profile in pediatric patients with SLE to determine the roles of active disease and ...

The objective of this prospective, controlled, randomized study was to evaluate the effect of orlistat administration for 10 days on daytime capillary triglyceridemia in obese women with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). Thirty-two obese, nondiabetic women with MetSyn were evaluated. The presence of MetSyn was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education ...

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased cardiovascular mortality. TNF-alpha is a critical mediator of inflammation and metabolic response in patients with RA. Increased insulin resistance and dyslipidemia were known risk factors in patients with active RA, however, the regulation of these metabolic parameters by TNF-alpha is poorly understood. Neutralization ...

BACKGROUND: Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is the most common structural malformation of the developing forebrain in humans. The aetiology is heterogeneous and remains unexplained in approximately 75% of patients. OBJECTIVE: To examine cholesterol biosynthesis in lymphoblastoid cell lines of 228 patients with HPE, since perturbations of cholesterol homeostasis are an important model ...

Cecropia obtusifolia is widely used in Mexican traditional medicine due to its reputed hypoglycemic effect. During a period of 32 weeks, aqueous extracts of the leaves of this plant were administrated daily to 12 recently diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, controlled only with diet and exercise. Serum glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride ...

The protective ability of carnosine against some metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in Strepotzotocin (STZ) diabetic-induced model was studied. Diabetic rats showed significant increase in serum glucose and cortisol levels indicating disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism, increased triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol as well as iron level indicating abnormal lipid metabolism and ...

It has been postulated that mushroom has beneficial effect of lowering blood glucose and cholesterol in diabetic subjects. The literature so far searched and found that there was no published data in this regard. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of reducing blood glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides in ...

AIMS: Dyslipidaemia in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the major contributors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thiazolidinediones (TZD), a class of drugs used in the treatment of T2DM, also modify lipids, especially lowering serum triglycerides and raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). METHODS: We describe five patients taking ...

Although apolipoprotein E (apoE) is well known to play a major role in lipid metabolism, its role in glucose and energy homeostasis remains unclear. Herein, we established apoE-deficient genetically obese Ay (apoE(-/-);Ay/+) mice. ApoE deficiency in Ay mice prevented the development of obesity, with decreased fat accumulation in the liver ...

BACKGROUND: HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) is a recognized athero-protective factor and low levels of HDL-C occur frequently in patients with coronary artery disease. Regulation of HDL-C level most probably results from the interaction of genes involved in lipoprotein metabolism and also from non-genetic factors. We studied associations and interactions among HindIII polymorphisms ...

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is conventionally believed to possess many features that protect against atherosclerosis. However, these lipoproteins may be modified in certain individuals and/or circumstances to become pro-inflammatory. The ability of HDL to inhibit or paradoxically to enhance vascular inflammation, lipid oxidation, plaque growth, and thrombosis reflects changes in specific ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of serum cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) and the metabolism of various lipids including apoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The relationships between serum concentrations of CETP and various lipids and apoproteins were investigated in 193 patients with type 2 diabetes ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the metabolic abnormalities commonly associated with diabetes and the changes in carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in Korean type 2 diabetic patients who do not have clinically manifest cardiovascular disease (CVD). DESIGN: In a prospective study, a total of 152 type 2 diabetic patients were ...

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and estimation of correlation of ED with metabolic parameters: low HDL, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, systolic blood pressure and with inflammatory-hemostatic parameters: CRP and fibrinogen. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 42 patients (age 60.0 +/- 8.5 years) with ...

We examined the effects of treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) on metabolic control and hyperinsulinemia. The study included 53 patients ages 53.42+/-3.11 years, BMI = 28.43+/-1.67 kg/m2, with SH. Laboratory evaluation included serum free T3, free T4, TSH, thyroid antibodies, TGL, insulin, C-peptide and glucose during OGTT, HbA1c, CRP and ...

BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), which affect 8% to 15% of pregnancies, are associated with nitric oxide dysfunction and hyperlipidemia, but their precise role in HDP remains controversial. In order to gain more insight into the mechanisms underlying HDP, we evaluated some indicators common to the diseases associated with ...

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between the serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity and parameters of adiposity, insulin resistance and the serum lipid profile, including the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and non-diabetic subjects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: F508delCFTR-, but not wtCFTR-, expressing fibroblasts resemble Niemann Pick type C cells in the massive intracellular accumulation of free cholesterol. The recruitment and activation of F508delCFTR by cholesterol depletion was studied. METHODS: Filipin staining, forskolin-stimulated anion efflux and FITC-dextran uptake were studied in control cells and fibroblasts treated with ...

AIMS: In reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), hepatic Scavenger Receptor class B type I (SR-BI) plays an important role by mediating the selective uptake of high-density lipoprotein cholesteryl ester (HDL-CE). However, little is known about this antiatherogenic mechanism in insulin resistance. HDL-CE selective uptake represents the main process for HDL-CE turnover ...

BACKGROUND: Low-dose hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has attracted interest for the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms in diabetes because of concerns about increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke with conventional HRT containing conjugated equine oestrogens (CEEs) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). OBJECTIVES: We assessed the effects on glucose homeostasis ...

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is closely related to several disturbances in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the association between apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotypes and the risk of metabolic syndrome and/or coronary heart disease complications. METHODS: The study included 279 subjects divided into three groups: ...

BACKGROUND: Altered levels of erythrocyte Na+K+-ATPase, atherogenic and anti-atherogenic lipid metabolites have been implicated in diabetic complications but their pattern of interactions remains poorly understood.This study evaluated this relationship in Nigerian patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 34 consented Type 1 diabetic patients and age -matched ...

Lipoprotein(a) is an independent risk factor for Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) in the general population. There are conflicting reports in the extent of its association with IHD among subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim was to determine the concentration of Lp(a) and its relationship with other lipids ...