AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: To document the prevalence of typical diabetic symptoms, signs and complications in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, examine their pre-diagnostic duration, and analyse associations with glycaemic level, blood pressure (BP), and weight. METHODS: An epidemiological population-based study of 1137 Danish patients with type 2 diabetes newly diagnosed ...

The high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is known to be a sensitive predictor of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. This study evaluated the association between the serum hsCRP and the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes. Two hundred and sixty-nine patients with ...

Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate reaching epidemic proportions. Although hyperglycemia has been considered as playing an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, the mechanisms involved remain uncertain. There are several theories as to how chronic hyperglycemia can lead to micro or ...

Micro- and macrovascular complications account for the major part of the morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes developing in childhood. Although advanced complications are exceptionally rare in the adolescent age group, it is during this phase that the progression of risk may accelerate. A number of potentially important factors have ...

Type 2 diabetes is a complex and heterogeneous metabolic disorder with a continuously growing prevalence worldwide. Thus, the need to prevent diabetic complications by maintaining better metabolic control has become a common goal for health practitioners. Elevated fasting plasma glucose concentrations, frequently observed in Type 2 diabetic patients, are a ...

Disturbed metabolism of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) has been proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of late diabetic complications. The effect of diabetic complications and metabolic control on both total serum GAGs content and the serum activity of lysosomal glycosidases (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, alpha-L-fucosidase, beta-D-galactosidase, and alpha-D-mannosidase) contributing to GAGs degradation, ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Numerous clinical and experimental studies suggest that growth factors may contribute to the development of diabetic microvascular complications. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that in adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria (MA) there are specific disorders of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and ...

Studies from the last decade emphasize the importance of sialic acid (SA) in general pathology (neoplasic disease, colagenosis), and its implication in appearance and aggravation of atherosclerosis (e.g. appearance of angyopathy like chronic complication in diabetes mellitus). Diabetes is known as a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and has a ...

The expected explosive increase in the number of patients with diabetes mellitus will increase the stress on health care. Treatment is focused on preventing vascular complications associated with the disorder. In order to develop better treatment regimens, the field of research has made a great effort in understanding this disorder. ...

Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia and predisposes to chronic complications affecting the eyes, blood vessels, nerves and kidneys. Hyperglycaemia has an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications by increasing protein glycation and the gradual build-up of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in body tissues. ...

OBJECTIVES: How to contain medical expenditures is a universal problem. The Japanese government has increased patient co-payments to control it. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether the increase in co-payments to 30 percent prevented patients with hypertension or diabetes mellitus from receiving necessary care in the Employee ...

Macro- and microvascular disease are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction represents a problem of great clinical importance underlying the development of various severe complications including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and increase the risk of stroke, hypertension and myocardial infarction. Hyperglycemic ...

Lipoatrophy is perhaps the most visibly recognisable component of antiretroviral-therapy-associated lipodystrophy due to the rarity of this form of body composition change in the general population. In this respect, it is apparent that lipoatrophy represents a form of drug toxicity specifically involving the subcutaneous fat tissue, resulting in pathological fat ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the auditory function in a group of children with type 1 diabetes, and to study the association between hearing impairment and duration of illness, metabolic control and diabetic complication. METHODS: Sixty-three diabetic patients below the age of 18 attending the university hospital in Khartoum, Sudan were investigated ...

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is frequent in elderly patients and even more prevalent in residents of long-term care facilities. Furthermore, because more and more people are reaching advanced age and the need for care increases with age, ASB is becoming increasingly important. There are several definitions for ASB, all of which ...

Diabetes mellitus is a relatively common disease with major public health implications. Although much has been written regarding the clinical manifestations, treatment, and pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus, it remains a major problem whose rate is increasing. This article assimilates this essential information and presents diabetes from an epidemiological perspective illustrating ...

This study aimed to identify the relationship of health beliefs and complication prevention behaviors among Chinese individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Malaysia. A correlation study using the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework was undertaken with 128 Chinese subjects with Type 2 Diabetes of both gender, mean age 60.5 ...

PURPOSE: To assess efficacy of sildenafil citrate in treatment of erectile dysfunction: effect of type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 466 male patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) were enrolled in this study. Of them 382 were diabetic and 84 were non-diabetic. Patients were screened for ED using ...

It is now well established that the risk of experiencing diabetic complications is dependent on the degree of glycaemic control in patients with diabetes. Clinical trials such as the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and Kumamoto study have demonstrated that tight glycaemic control achieved with intensive insulin regimens can ...

Endocrine and metabolic disorders that cause neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations are frequently encountered by ophthalmologists in clinical practice. This review focuses on three of the most common entities for which neuro-ophthalmologic signs and symptoms are a prominent feature. These entities include pituitary disorders (adenoma, apoplexy, and hypophysitis), thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, and neuro-ophthalmologic complications ...

The American Diabetic Association held its 64th Scientific Sessions on June 4-8, 2004, in Orlando, Florida, USA. The meeting was devoted to developments in different areas of diabetes mellitus research: epidemiology; understanding of diabetic microvascular and macrovascular complications; various modes of treatment including complementary and alternative medicine; new targets in ...

There is a wealth of clinical data showing the relationship between diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis and its clinical complications. To dissect this relationship, investigators have attempted, usually unsuccessfully, to create a small-animal model in which diabetes accelerates vascular lesion development. This effort has often been complicated by development of hyperlipidemia ...

The use of indwelling central venous catheters (CVCs) has become essential for managing children undergoing cancer treatment. Various types of CVCs are available, but reports on complications observed in pediatric series are scarce. We describe our experience concerning early mechanical complications at our institute by providing a prospective evaluation of ...

This article provides an overview of current thinking regarding genetics and diabetes (type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes mellitus),including a selective look at a few implicated gene variants. This article explores how this information might be applied in current and future clinical practice to (1) predict who is at ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the CORE Diabetes Model by comparing results from model simulations with observed outcomes from published epidemiological and clinical studies in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: A total of 66 second- (internal) and third- (external) order validation ...

Suboptimal glycemic control in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Even brief periods of hyperglycemia increase the risk of complications. Fasting hyperglycemia is a phenomenon that has been observed in essentially all individuals with diabetes and ...

BACKGROUND: Black and African patients with type 2 diabetes have a greater frequency and more severe vascular complications of the disease, even after correction for socioeconomic factors. Asymptomatic sickle cell trait (SCT; hemoglobin AS) is also common among black Africans and may independently cause endothelial damage, manifested as isolated target ...

Microvascular and macrovascular complications in relation to diabetes mellitus are responsible for major morbidity and mortality condition. Prevention of these complications should be the aim while managing diabetes. Retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy are microvascular complications and macrovascular complication affects heart, brain and foot. In preventing retinopathy, glycaemic and blood pressure ...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease affecting over 124 million individuals worldwide. DM is associated with high risk of atherosclerosis and renal, neural, and ocular damage. Increased oxidant stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of DM. An increase in serum ceruloplasmin (Cp) levels has also been reported in ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the global geographic variation of micro- and macrovascular complications in childhood-onset type 1 diabetes assessed by both reported and measured disease and risk factors and relate any such variation to diabetes control and health care activities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The DiaComp study is a multinational (17 ...

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to determine: (1). endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects with and without diabetic microvascular complications using flow mediated dilatation method (FMD); (2). influence of other variables on FMD; and (3). the correlation between FMD and carotid intimal media thickness (IMT). RESEARCH, DESIGN ...

The geriatric population is at particular risk for developing hyperglycemic crises with the development of diabetes. With increasing age, insulin secretory reserve, insulin sensitivity, and thirst mechanisms decrease. The elderly are particularly vulnerable to hyperglycemia and dehydration, the key components of hyperglycemic emergencies. If recognized early, hyperglycemia can frequently be ...

BACKGROUND: The incidence and prevalence of diabetes are increasing all over the world. Complications of diabetes constitute a burden for the individuals and the whole society. METHODS: In the present paper, ordinary differential equations and numerical approximations are used to monitor the size of populations of diabetes with and without ...

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that biological variation in HbA(1c), distinct from variation attributable to mean blood glucose (MBG), would predict risk for microvascular complications in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A longitudinal multiple regression model was developed from MBG and HbA(1c) measured in the 1,441 ...

A diabetes epidemic emerged during the 20th century and continues unchecked into the 21st century. It has already taken an extraordinary toll on the U.S. population through its acute and chronic complications, disability, and premature death. Trend data suggest that the burden will continue to increase. Efforts to pre- vent ...

Cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its microvascular complications. Recently, genetic variants of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), CC-chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) genes have been identified. The aim was to investigate whether genetic variants of the MCP-1 ...

AIMS: Age of onset of type 2 diabetes is becoming earlier and with it there is an increase in the development of chronic complications. This study examined the relationship between the strength of family history of diabetes on (i) age of diabetes onset and (ii) prevalence of diabetic complications. RESEARCH ...

BACKGROUND: Altered platelet morphology and function have been reported in patients with diabetes mellitus. They are likely to be associated with the pathological processes and increased risk of vascular disease seen in these patients. We aimed to determine the mean platelet volume (MPV) in diabetics compared to nondiabetics, to see ...

The rapidly increasing diabetes mellitus is becoming a serious threat to mankind health in all parts of the world. The control and treatment of diabetes and its complications mainly depend on the chemical or biochemical agents, but the fact is that it has never been reported that someone had recovered ...

The complications of diabetes are myriad and represent a rising cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in the Western world. The update of the Diabetes Control and Clinical Trials Group/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group (DCCT/EDIC) suggested that previous strict control of hyperglycaemia was associated with reduced carotid ...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this article is to describe the prevalence of microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy) and acute diabetic complications, and the metabolic control status, in Catalonian patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus ten years after diagnosis. MATERIAL/METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional population study evaluating 427 Type 1 diabetic ...

Diabetes is an increasingly common disorder which causes and contributes to a variety of central nervous system (CNS) complications which are often associated with cognitive deficits. There appear to be two types of diabetic encephalopathy. Primary diabetic encephalopathy is caused by hyperglycemia and impaired insulin action, which evolves in a ...

Type 1 diabetes can lead to several well-described complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. Evidence is accumulating that it is also associated with gradually developing end-organ damage in the central nervous system. This relatively unknown complication can be referred to as "diabetic encephalopathy" and is characterised by electrophysiological ...

A nationwide survey on the status of plasma exchange in Korea was performed during the 2 year period 2001-02. Data from 496 patients were collected from 15 major hospitals. The most common indication was myasthenia gravis (15.3%), followed by thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (14.5%) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (9.7%). Clinical improvement ...

Acupuncture is used for some conditions as an alternative to medication or surgical intervention. Several complications had been reported, and they are generally due to physical injury by the needle or transmission of diseases. We report a case of life-threatening necrotising fasciitis that developed after acupuncture treatment for osteoarthritis of ...

Diabetes mellitus due to the mitochondrial DNA 3243(A-G) mutation is reported to represent 0.5-1% of the general diabetic population in Japan. To further elucidate the clinical symptoms and course of diabetes mellitus with the 3243 mutation, we undertook a nationwide cross-sectional case-finding study and observational study of a genetically defined ...

The number of people with diabetes is growing to epidemic proportions in the United States. There is a great deal of research on the evolving understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetes as compared to normoglycemia. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes have become streamlined to more appropriately and accurately diagnose the ...

A case of beta-thalassemia major complicated by diabetes mellitus in a Fiji national is presented. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this complication are highlighted. Keywords: &#946;-thalassemia, diabetes mellitus, iron overload <I>Annals of African Medicine</I> Vol.2(1) 2003: 36-38

AIMS: The potential importance of postprandial glucose (PPG) control in the development of complications in Type 2 diabetes is much debated. The recent American Diabetes Association (ADA) consensus statement discussed the role of postprandial hyperglycaemia in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications and concluded that the relationship between PPG excursions and ...

Pills prepared from Enicostemma littorale (Gentianaceae) were administered to 84 patients with Type 2 Diabetes for three months. Estimation of various biochemical parameters showed that E. littorale reduced blood glucose as well as serum insulin levels and prevented the progression of complications in diabetic patients. Significant improvement in kidney function, ...