Abstract Background: None of the studies concerned with the performance of a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) over time has examined the extent to which extended periods of wear affect the responses of both CGM accuracy and lag time to rapid changes in blood glucose levels. Here we propose a novel ...

Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is known to be associated with environmental, behavioral, and lifestyle factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, overly rich nutrition, and obesity. However, the day-to-day human-environment interactions and real-life activities that cause an individual's blood glucose to fluctuate remain relatively unexplored, owing in part to ...

This paper describes the first devised method for the nonenzymatic and electrochemical glucose monitoring in 100% human whole blood and serum. The nanoporous Pt electrode allows for the selective amplification of glucose oxidation in the presence of electroactive interfering species without the need for enzymatic reaction. The outer membrane was ...

Long-acting insulin products are desired that provide sustained blood glucose lowering without blood glucose level peaks. In the present study, to obtain the more desirable blood glucose lowering effect of long-acting insulin products, we investigated the effect of maltosyl-β-cyclodextrin (G(2)-β-CyD) on physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of insulin glargine, which is ...

Despite the efforts to control the epidemic of diabetes the total number of people living with diabetes is still steadily rising. In order to detect people at risk, cost-effective, convenient, and sensitive screening tools to assess the diabetes risk and to detect undiagnosed type 2 diabetes need to be developed ...

We have previously reported that transplantation (Tx) of prevascularized donor islets as composite islet-kidneys (IK) reverses diabetic hyperglycemia in miniature swine. In order to test the potential clinical applicability of this strategy, we have extended it to a fully allogeneic nonhuman primate model. IKs were prepared in baboons by isolating ...

Purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients in Iran and its association with some predisposing factors. Methods. All diabetic patients who attended the diabetes clinic underwent ocular examination, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy. The blood pressure and blood biochemical parameters were then ...

The therapy of type 1 diabetes is an open challenging problem. The restoration of normoglycemia and insulin independence in immunosuppressed type 1 diabetic recipients of islet allotransplantation has shown the potential of a cell-based diabetes therapy. Even if successful, this approach poses a problem of scarce tissue supply. Xenotransplantation can ...

Patients with diabetes have difficulty controlling their blood sugar and suffer from acute effects of hypoglycemia and long-term effects of hyperglycemia, which include disease of the eyes, kidneys and nerves/feet. In this paper, we describe a new system that is used to automatically control blood sugar in people with diabetes ...

Abstract Background: Continuous glucose monitoring devices measure interstitial glucose and are commonly used to investigate hypoglycemia. The relationship between interstitial glucose and blood glucose is not completely understood, particularly at low blood glucose concentrations. Interstitial glucose during hypoglycemia is generally lower than blood glucose in young subjects without diabetes and ...

Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) tend to induce weight gain, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus. For those reasons, patients treated with SGAs should receive appropriate monitoring to avoid morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. We conducted a one-year follow-up study using Japanese blood glucose monitoring guidance in schizophrenia patients treated with SGAs ...

The blood glucose monitoring devices (BGMDs) are an integral part of diabetes management now-a-days. They have evolved tremendously within the last four decades in terms of miniaturization, rapid response, greater specificity, simplicity, minute sample requirement, painless sample uptake, sophisticated software and data management. This article aims to review the developments ...

OBJECTIVE:: Hypothermia impairs blood glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. However, the impact of therapeutic hypothermia on blood glucose levels and insulin requirements is unknown. We analyzed blood glucose variability during therapeutic hypothermia in patients with coma after cardiac arrest and examined its impact on outcome. DESIGN:: Prospective observational study. SETTING:: ...

Eur J Clin Invest 2011 ABSTRACT: Background  Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) activation enhances muscular fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation, and muscle's oxidative capacity positively associates with whole-body insulin sensitivity. Therefore, we asked here whether human muscle cell PPARD expression is a determinant of donors' insulin sensitivity. Materials and ...

OBJECTIVE Adipocyte infiltration of the musculoskeletal system is well recognized as a hallmark of aging, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Intermuscular adipocytes might serve as a benign storage site for surplus lipid or play a role in disrupting energy homeostasis as a result of dysregulated lipolysis or secretion of proinflammatory ...

Although pasteurization is recommended before distributing donor human milk in North America, limited data are available on its impact on metabolic hormones in milk. We aimed to investigate the effects of pasteurization on adiponectin and insulin concentrations in donor human milk. The study investigates concentrations of components in donor human ...

Diabetes is a condition in which the body either does not produce enough insulin, or does not properly respond to it. This causes the glucose level in blood to increase. An algorithm based on Integral High-Order Sliding Mode technique is proposed, which keeps the normal blood glucose level automatically releasing ...

Abstract Background: Self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) systems play a critical role in management of diabetes. SMBG systems should at least meet the minimal requirement of the World Health Organization's ISO 15197:2003. For tight glycemic control, a tighter accuracy requirement is needed. Methods: Seven SMBG systems were evaluated for accuracy and ...

To identify characteristics associated with abnormal blood glucose readings among African Americans and to determine the potential value of a more targeted approach to community-based screenings for type 2 diabetes. Data were collected from 7113 participants with no previous diagnosis of diabetes at mobile screening events in Detroit, Michigan. Data ...

Nail changes in leprotic patients are not specific to leprosy, and may be observed in other peripheral neuropathies. Diabetes is one of the diseases that present with nail dystrophy secondary to peripheral neuropathy, vasculopathy, trauma and infections. Therefore, nail changes in diabetic neuropathy are expected to be very similar to ...

To evaluate the impact of high-glycaemic index and low-glycaemic index meals on postprandial blood glucose in patients with Type 1 diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Sixteen patients with Type 1 diabetes under continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment, age 36±0.5 years (mean±sem), HbA(1c) 7.6±0.2% (56±1.1 mmol/mol), consumed two test ...

In the treatment of burns, patients' own skin is the preferred material to cover burn wounds, resulting in the need to create a donor site wound. Enhancement of healing of the donor site wound would be beneficial in burn patients. Insulin, an anabolic agent, is used routinely to treat hyperglycemia ...

In this computational study we consider a generalized minimal model structure for the intravenously infused insulin-blood glucose dynamics, which can represent a wide variety of diabetic patients, and augment this model structure with a glucose rate disturbance signal that captures the aggregate effects of various internal and external factors on ...

Transplantation of the pig islets of Langerhans is considered as the future treatment for patients suffering from type I diabetes mellitus. Despite the adaptation of modified Ricordi method and highly purified collagenase, the results of pancreas digestions are precarious. Selection of proper donor and optimal digestion procedure are fundamental. The ...

Dr. Cembrowski provides an analysis of an article by Harrison and colleagues in this issue of Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology in which the authors describe the evaluation of a new device for self-monitoring of blood glucose, the Bayer CONTOUR® blood glucose monitoring system.

Measurement of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is considered the gold standard for monitoring chronic glycemia of diabetes patients. Hemoglobin A1c indicates an average of blood glucose levels over the past 3 months. Its close association with the risk for the development of long-term complications is well established. However, HbA1c does not ...

Background: The goal of diabetes treatment is maintaining near normoglycemia based on self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). In this study, an evaluation of the analytical performance of the coulometry-based Optium Omega™ glucose meter designed for SMBG has been carried out. Methods: The assessment of precision and between-lot variability was based ...

Background: The combined glucose-insulin test (CGIT) is helpful for evaluating insulin sensitivity. A continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) reports changes in interstitial glucose concentrations as they occur in the blood. Use of the CGMS minimizes animal contact and may be useful when performing a CGIT. Hypothesis: Results obtained using a ...

The objective of this study was to explore the discriminative capacity of non-contact corneal esthesiometry (NCCE) when compared with the neuropathy disability score (NDS) score-a validated, standard method of diagnosing clinically significant diabetic neuropathy. Eighty-one participants with type 2 diabetes, no history of ocular disease, trauma, or surgery and no ...

To explore the association between Self Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) levels and improved glycemic control (HbA1c level) among type 2 diabetic patients, receiving oral hypoglycaemic agents and insulin, and to ascertain the factors influencing SMBG. Using Comparative cross sectional study design five hundred Type 2 diabetes patients through convenient ...

Patients with diabetes are at increased risk both for falls and for vestibular dysfunction, a known risk factor for falls. Our aims were 1) to further characterize the vestibular dysfunction present in patients with diabetes and 2) to evaluate for an independent effect of vestibular dysfunction on fall risk among ...

This study aimed to screen the blood glucose levels in healthy term and near-term neonates, and to assess the influence of mode of delivery, birth weight and gestational age on blood glucose levels. The blood glucose concentrations of 1,540 healthy term and near-term neonates in the first hour of life ...

Several studies have established an association between diabetic neuropathy and depressive symptoms. There is a link between depression and peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients, suggesting an increased likelihood that diabetic patients will experience depressive symptoms related to lower-extremity peripheral neuropathy and arthritis during middle age and later life. The goal ...

we evaluated the associations of diabetic complications and underlying pathology with daily walking activity in type 2 diabetic patients without manifest mobility limitations. 100 persons with type 2 diabetes (mean age 64.5 ± 9.4 years) were studied. Persons with manifest mobility limitations were excluded. Possible determinants measured: peripheral neuropathy, neuropathic ...

Nerve conduction studies (NCS) and Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) are commonly used to make the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic values of MNSI patient version test and physical test for the assessment of the diabetic peripheral neuropathy in obese ...

Previous studies have demonstrated that gene transfer of genes coding for neurotrophic factors to the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) using nonreplicating herpes simplex virus (HSV)-based vectors injected subcutaneously can prevent the progression of diabetic neuropathy. Because prolonged expression of neurotrophic factors could potentially have unwanted adverse effects, we constructed a ...

Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a degenerative disease with neurological and endocrine disorders, characterized by the association of juvenile diabetes mellitus and bilateral optic atrophy. A polyneuropathy was exceptionally described but its characteristics are not well-established. In addition to our observation, we searched all case reports of patients with WFS in ...

Preceding the joint meeting of the 19th annual Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (NEURODIAB) and the 8th International Symposium on Diabetic Neuropathy in Toronto, Canada, 13-18 October 2009, expert panels were convened to provide updates on classification, definitions, diagnostic criteria, and treatments ...

Immune mechanisms have been proposed to play a role in the development of diabetic neuropathy. We employed in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) to quantify the presence and density of Langerhans cells (LCs) in relation to the extent of corneal nerve damage in Bowman's layer of the cornea in diabetic ...

To describe the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of vibration perception threshold (VPT) testing in subjects with type 1 diabetes relative to gold standard assessments of peripheral neuropathy. VPT was determined in 1,177 adults with type 1 diabetes 13-14 years after participating in a study of ...

. A loss of sensation in the lower limbs, observed in individuals with diabetes as well as elderly individuals, contributes to postural instability, altered gait patterns, increased risk of falling, and decreased quality of life. . To determine if somatosensory cues delivered to sensate areas of the lower limbs above ...

Most studies of third nerve palsy (TNP) antedate computerized imaging and focus primarily on chart review of referral outpatients. To compare a large contrasting population, I reviewed 1400 personally-examined municipal hospital inpatients with TNPs seen over 37 years. TNPs were bilateral in 11%, complete in 33%, without other neurological signs ...

Purpose: Multiple cranial neuropathies is one of the neurological complications among diabetic patients. Symptoms of multiple cranial neuropathies may cause great anxiety for these patients and often appear to be a serious problem from a diagnostic and therapeutic point of view. A correct and timely diagnosis of the underlying cause ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Risk factors predisposing to foot ulceration in diabetic subjects are multiple. Long duration of diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor, likewise peripheral neuropathy (PN), which globally, is recognized as the commonest risk factor for foot disease in diabetic subjects. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of duration ...

The 10-g Semmes-Weinstein monofilament and 128-Hz tuning fork examinations are considered simple and effective screening instruments for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. This study investigated the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy of combining both methods in type 2 diabetic outpatients in Chinese urban hospitals. Pressure sensation and vibration perception were randomly screened ...

This pilot study explored the effect of mindfulness meditation for diabetic neuropathy. Twenty participants (10 in each group) completed the study. No significant differences were found between the groups. However, differences between the means were found on 2 constructs: pain quality of life and symptom-related quality of life. Further studies ...

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a very common and disabling diabetes-related complication. DN is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) can be painful in the earlier stages of the disease before becoming painless. Most of the currently available therapies are symptomatic (focusing on pain relief) rather than ...

AIM: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the contribution of the indicator test for sudomotor function Neuropad (®) to the early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Included were 109 type 2 diabetic patients (55 men, mean age 56.15±6.14 years), whose initial ...

BACKGROUND: Apart from chronic hyperglycemia measured by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), other vascular risk factors contribute to the development of diabetic neuropathy. Even though these factors are synergistic, no study has measured the relative effect of aggregate cardiovascular risk load compared with chronic hyperglycemia alone on the risk of clinically evident ...

The DCCT/EDIC (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/ Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications) provides a comprehensive characterization of the natural history of diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes and provides insight into the impact of intensive insulin therapy in disease progression. The lessons learned about the natural history ...