Glutamate has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases on the central nervous system, but recent studies have also suggested that it can be involved also in the onset and course of peripheral neuropathies. Given the increasing evidence of this possibility, several attempts have been performed in order to ...

The inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is considered a valid strategy to combat insulin resistance and type II diabetes. We show here that a dichloromethane extract of Ratanhiae radix ( RR_EX) dose-dependently inhibits human recombinant PTP1B IN VITRO and enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in murine myocytes. By determination ...

Aim:  To undertake a narrative review of the impact and pattern of alcohol consumption in young adults with Type 1 diabetes. Methods:  Data sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, meeting abstracts of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, the American Diabetes Association and Diabetes UK, ...

Present review for the first time provides a complete botanical description and information on ethnomedicinal uses of Clerodendron glandulosum.Coleb (CG; Fam, Verbenaceae). Recent studies conducted from our laboratory provide pharmacological evidence for its anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity potentials. Further, its beneficial potential in preventing in vitro and in vivo non-alcoholic ...

Objective. To explore the causal relationship between gout and Type 2 diabetes based on genetic evidence and national outpatient database.Methods. Twenty male gout patients with early-onset, gout family history, without a habit of alcohol consumption or obesity before the first attack of gout were selected from hospital in 2010; and ...

To investigate antidiabetic potential of alcoholic leaves extract of Alangium lamarckii (A. lamarckii) on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. Oral glucose tolerance test was done by inducing hyperglycemic state via administration of glucose in water (2g/kg). Single dose of alcoholic leaves extract of A. lamarckii (250 and 500 mg/kg, ...

Consumption of a large amount of dietary fructose induces gastrointestinal intolerance, and glucose has been known as an enhancer of fructose absorption. Erythritol is a nonglycemic sugar alcohol, and it has been suggested that erythritol is absorbed paracellularly. It was hypothesized that paracellular absorption of erythritol could also enhance paracellular ...

Ninety seven patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 72 with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were enrolled. Increased visceral fat area (VFA) was associated with high values of HbA1c. The variables associated with a high risk of new-onset diabetes had a VFA>101cm(2) in CHC, but not in NAFLD.

Chitosan (CS)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend hydrogels were prepared using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking agent. The obtained hydrogels, which have the advantages of both PVA and CS, can be used as a material for the transdermal drug delivery (TDD) of insulin. The nano-insulin-loaded hydrogels were prepared under the following conditions: 1.2g ...

In the present study, the effect of alcoholic stem extract of Gymnema montanum (GMSt) on blood glucose, plasma insulin, and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes were studied in experimental diabetes. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60mg/kg bw). Five days after STZ induction, diabetic rats received GMSt ...

Introduction. Many patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have impaired glucose regulation or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We investigated characteristics of NAFLD patients associated with hyperglycemia. Methods. During a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum glucose and insulin were measured in 152 NAFLD patients. Results. 48.7% of ...

Aims:  Alcohol is a potential risk factor of Type 2 diabetes. However, more detailed information on effects of alcohol types and early phases of Type 2 diabetes development seems warranted. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of alcohol consumption and specific alcoholic beverages on the risk ...

AIMS: To know which MS criteria best predict the presence of NAFLD and the prevalences of metabolic syndrome (MS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) diagnosed ultrasonographically among pre-diabetic and diabetic subjects based on three different MS criteria (IDF, ATP III, WHO). METHODS: Subjects were screened and those with a ...

Clinical trials and experimental animal studies have confirmed the contribution of arterial baroreflex impairment in causing excess morbidity and mortality in type-1 diabetes. Our previous study has shown that angiotensin II (Ang II)-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling is associated with the reduced cell excitability in the aortic baroreceptor neurons (a primary afferent ...

We aimed to explore the associations of dietary patterns with blood lipid profiles and obesity in adults with type 2 diabetes. The data were obtained from the Forth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2008. Adults 30 yr or older, from which had both biochemical and dietary data were ...

Aims:  We determined whether non-alcoholic fatty liver is associated with an increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Type 1 diabetes. Methods:  We studied 343 patients with Type 1 diabetes, who had no history of excessive alcohol consumption or other secondary causes of chronic liver disease. Non-alcoholic fatty liver was diagnosed by ...

Data from 191 post-mortem cases where post-mortem blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) and acetone concentrations and vitreous humor glucose concentrations (where available) had been measured were retrospectively investigated to determine the markers required to identify and distinguish between Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA), Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS). Blood βHB concentrations ...

The Armanni-Ebstein lesion is a histological change in the kidney consisting of sub-nuclear vacuolation of the proximal tubules. It has been most associated with diabetic ketoacidosis. The vacuoles have been reported to contain glycogen. More recent studies show them to contain fat. Recent papers have associated the Armanni-Ebstein lesion with ...

Background and Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in both non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic individuals. We sought to examine whether NAFLD is associated with prevalent CVD in patients with type 1 diabetes. Subjects and Methods: We studied 343 (156 ...

Background:  Alcohol-related steatohepatitis is associated with increased oxidative stress, DNA damage, lipotoxicity, and insulin resistance in liver. As inflammation and oxidative stress can promote insulin resistance, effective treatment with antioxidants, for example, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), may restore ethanol-impaired insulin signaling in the liver. Methods:  Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed for ...

Abstract Objective. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is closely associated with components of metabolic syndrome. Vaspin is a novel adipocytokine that may link obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to investigate circulating vaspin levels in subjects with NASH and also to search for the association of vaspin ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The role of alcohol consumption in insulin resistance remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between alcohol consumption and insulin resistance in a large asymptomatic population. METHODS: A total of 2463 asymptomatic Japanese men aged 28 years or above undergoing a comprehensive ...

Objectives: This study was performed to determine whether there is an association between impaired fasting glucose and noise-induced hearing loss. Methods: The study subjects were workers in one automobile manufacturing company. The data were obtained from results of health examinations during 2005 and 2009. The factors analyzed were age, smoking ...

Type 2 diabetes and chronic heavy alcohol consumption each have been known to be associated with the impairment of hippocampus-dependent cognitive functions. Although both conditions often coexist clinically and there is accumulated evidence of a relationship between the two, the combined effect on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) has not yet ...

This report aims to compare the prediction of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components for morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease (CHD) in a cohort of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (TSIs). A total of 2,100 adults (1,283 Aborigines and 817 TSIs) was followed up for ...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with dyslipdemia, insulin resistance and non alcoholic fatty liver disease. The purpose of the current study was to assess whether type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced hyperglycemia has an effect on the lipid profile and release of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory mediators in patients with ...

ABSTRACT: Background Diabetes mellitus is associated with metabolic dysfunctions, including alterations in circulating lipid levels and fat tissue accumulation, which causes, among other pathologies, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Aim of the study The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of physical exercise and spirulina intake on ...

The association between type 2 diabetes and some types of cancer is well established and the complexity of this association is receiving increasing recognition. Many factors influence the risk of both diabetes and cancer including age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, obesity/insulin resistance, diet (including alcohol intake), physical activity levels and ...

Diabetes mellitus affects every organ in the man including eyes, kidney, heart, and nervous system. Alcohol consumption is a widespread practice. As the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on diabetic state have been little studied, this study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effect of alcohol in diabetic ...

In this study, oligosaccharides extracted from Ophiopogon japonicus vinegar (OOV) by alcoholic and acetic acid fermentation with water extracts from Radix Ophiopogon and oligosaccharides extracted from Radix Ophiopogonis (OOJ) were investigated. Characterization of the extracts indicated that OOV are proteoglycans, whereas OOJ are not. Moreover, compared with OOJ, monosaccharide compositions ...

To isolate and characterize antidiabetic component (bioactivity-guided fractionation) from hydro alcoholic extract of Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum) aerial part. Ten fractions (F1 - F10) were isolated from hydro alcoholic extract of O. sanctum aerial part by column chromatography. All the fractions F1 to F10 were screened for antidiabetic activity in ...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic b cells. While there is no current cure, recent work in the field of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and the induction of mixed chimerism, a state in which multilineage hematopoietic populations ...

AIMS: The purpose of this study was to determine whether diabetes affects relationships between alcohol intake and atherosclerotic risk factors. METHODS: Age- and alcohol intake-matched groups of Japanese men with and without diabetes (each group: n = 1440) were prepared. Relationships of alcohol intake with atherosclerotic risk factors were compared among four ...

Background:  There have been lots of studies about the relationship between chronic use of alcohol and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Chronic use of alcohol can be affected by the altered level of ghrelin and leptin which regulate food-seeking behavior having similar mechanism of controlling alcohol-craving behavior. ...

In this case study, we describe a 25 year-old male who showed the symptoms of diabetes after a period of heavy drinking. (HbA1c=13%). Treatment was started with 120 units of insulin. After stopping alcohol consumption and taking an appropriate diet, insulin was tapered down. Five months after the start of ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between combinations of body mass index (BMI) categories plus non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) among Korean adults. We prepared the data of 5665 subjects aged 20 years and over who had visited a health promotion center. We ...

Background: People with diabetes mellitus are instructed to clean their skin prior to self-monitoring of blood glucose to remove any dirt or food residue that might affect the reading. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers have become popular when soap and water are not available. The aim of this study was to determine ...

Background Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes. However, the relationship between drinking patterns, such as the weekly frequency of alcohol consumption and the quantity per drinking day, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes has not been sufficiently addressed. Methods Study participants included ...

Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial disease involving genetic and environmental factors and results from the destruction of pancreatic islet β cells, virtually the only source of insulin. When the majority of β cells are lost, a 'honeymoon' period of variable length follows: namely, a fleeting phase of residual endogenous ...

The aim in the present study was to assess the effect of small-moderate red wine ingestion on the level of serum insulin and plasma glucose when nutritional status is varied. Twenty nondiabetic males (19-22 years) participated in the study. In the fasting trial, all participants underwent a 6 h fast ...

Environment factors, including maternal or infant dietary nutrition have been reported to have an influence on the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. In the present study, to investigate the effect of maternal or post-weaning offspring's nutrition, in particular the essential fatty acid ratio (n-6/n-3) on the development of type 1 ...

Hydro-alcoholic extracts of Centaurium erythraea Rafn (CE), Gentianaceae and Artemisia herba-alba Asso (AHA), Asteraceae, medicinal plants used in traditional treatment of diabetes in north-eastern Algeria, were tested in established type 2 diabetes induced with a standardized high fat diet (HFD) in mice. After confirmation of diabetes (17th week), plant extracts ...

Self-reactive B lymphocytes contribute to type 1 diabetes pathogenesis as APC and auto-Ab producers in NOD mice and humans. To shed light on the mechanisms responsible for the breakdown in B-lymphocyte self-tolerance to β-cell Ag, we utilised a model whereby hen-egg lysozyme (HEL)-specific Ig Tg (IgHEL-Tg)-Tg B lymphocytes were allowed ...

mild or moderate chronic alcohol intake has been shown to be associated with increased insulin sensitivity, while chronic alcohol abuse demonstrates a contrary effect. The mechanism underlying this biphasic effect has not yet been clarified. We investigated whether chronic ethanol exposure mediates biphasic changes on insulin sensitivity and whether the ...

The widely used nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of autoimmune (Type 1) diabetes mellitus shares multiple characteristics with the human disease, and studies employing this model continue to yield clinically relevant and important information. Here, we review some of the recent key findings obtained from NOD mouse investigations that have ...

Effective immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) relies on active induction of peripheral tolerance. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a critical role in suppressing immune responses in various pathologic settings via multiple mechanisms, including expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this study, we investigated whether MDSCs could act as ...

The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of autoimmune (type 1) diabetes has contributed greatly to our understanding of disease pathogenesis and has facilitated the development and testing of therapeutic strategies to combat the disease. Although the model is a valuable immunological tool in its own right, it reaches its fullest ...

To determine if there is an abrupt change in the frequency of intraislet T regulatory (Treg) cells in female nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice preceding and following spontaneous diabetes and during cyclophosphamide-accelerated disease. The frequency of intraislet CD4-positive Treg cells was analyzed between days 21 and 250, at onset, and at ...

Insulin-producing β cells can partially regenerate in adult pancreatic tissues, both in human and animal models of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Previous studies have shown that treatment with mycobacterial adjuvants such as CFA and bacillus Calmette-Guérin prevents induction and recurrence of T1D in NOD mice with partial recovery of β ...

Development of antigen-specific strategies to treat or prevent type 1 diabetes has been slow and difficult because of the lack of experimental tools and defined biomarkers that account for the underlying therapeutic mechanisms. The type 1 diabetes PhysioLab platform, a large-scale mathematical model of disease pathogenesis in the nonobese diabetic ...