The extracellular glycoprotein Tenascin-C (TN-C) is highly upregulated in gliomas. Therefore, many chemotherapies with radiolabeled antibodies against TN-C have been performed. However, TN-Cs binding partner Syndecan-4 did not play any role as a therapeutic or imaging target in gliomas. We constructed an imaging compound containing the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between B-scan density and retinal thickness measurements obtained by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) in eyes with retinal disease. METHODS: Data were collected from 115 patients who underwent volume OCT imaging with Cirrus HD-OCT using the 512 x 128 horizontal raster protocol. Raw OCT ...

Doubly-resonant four-wave mixing (DR-FWM) is a nondegenerate four-wave mixing process in which four photons interact to coherently probe two distinct Raman resonances. We demonstrate DR-FWM microscopy as a label-free and nondestructive molecular imaging modality with high chemical specificity on the submicron scale by imaging alkyne-substituted oleic acid in both aqueous ...

PURPOSE: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for monitoring patients with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) after photodynamic therapy (PDT) in comparison to fluorescein angiography (FA). METHODS: Prospective study of 14 patients with CNV secondary to age-related macular degeneration receiving PDT. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fluorescein angiography, ...

Molecular imaging plays an increasingly powerful role in elucidating pathophysiological pathways, in advancing drug discovery and in deciphering developmental processes. Multiple modalities, including optical imaging, ultrasound, nuclear imaging, computed tomography and various techniques of MRI are now being used to obtain fundamental new insights at the cellular and molecular level, ...

AIMS: To compare spectral domain optical coherence tomography (sdOCT) with melanin-related near-infrared fundus autofluorescence (NIA, excitation 787 nm, emission >800 nm), lipofuscin-related fundus autofluorescence (FAF, excitation 488 nm, emission >500 nm) and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) in patients with long-term chloroquin (CQ) treatment. METHODS: Eight patients with 5.5-22 years of CQ ...

Novel bifunctional fluorescent magneto polymeric nanoprobes (FMPNs) were synthesized to provide simultaneous diagnostic information via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging. FMPNs consist of ultra-sensitive magnetic nanocrystals that function as MR probes combined with Nile Red, which functions as a fluorescent probe. FMPNs were encapsulated by a nano-emulsion method ...

To determine whether damage to the optic radiation (OR) in multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with optic nerve injury and visual dysfunction. Case-control study. Referral center. Ninety referred patients with MS and 29 healthy volunteers. Magnetic resonance imaging indices along the OR were reconstructed with diffusion tensor tractography. Retinal nerve ...

PURPOSE: Malignant gliomas are highly infiltrative tumours with a fatal prognosis. F18-fluoroethyl-tyrosine (FET)-positron emission tomography (PET) often reveals a broader extension of these tumours compared with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Complete resection of the contrast-enhancing lesion is aspired. Fluorescence-guided resection using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) improved the extent of resection. ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by both small airway and parenchymal abnormalities. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these two morphologic phenotypes, although related, may have different clinical presentations, prognosis, and therapeutic responses to medications. With the advent of novel imaging modalities, it is ...

Proteases are emerging biomarkers of inflammatory diseases. In atherosclerosis, these enzymes are often secreted by inflammatory macrophages, digest the extracellular matrix of the fibrous cap, and destabilize atheromata. Protease function can be monitored with protease activatable imaging probes and quantitated in vivo by fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT). To address 2 ...

Magnetoresistance studies on RPd(2)Si (R = Tb, Dy and Lu) compounds show large negative magnetoresistance (MR) in TbPd(2)Si and DyPd(2)Si near the magnetic ordering temperature. Positive MR at low temperature in the ferromagnetic Dy compound is shown to arise from the orbital contribution (the Lorentz force effect). As a consequence, ...

Magnetic anisotropy, magnetization reversal and the magnetooptic Kerr effect in Co(x)Mn(y)Ge(z) have been studied over a range of compositions between 0 and 50 at.% of Ge and between 1 and 3 in the Co to Mn atomic ratio, including the Heusler alloy Co(2)MnGe. A strong quadratic magnetooptic Kerr effect has been ...

This paper reviews recent developments in high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its application to image anatomy, physiology, and function in the retina of animals. It describes technical issues and solutions in performing retinal MRI, anatomical MRI, blood oxygenation level-dependent functional MRI (fMRI), and blood-flow MRI both of normal retinas ...

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a disease of high mortality worldwide. It can be associated with malarial retinopathy (MR) resulting from impaired perfusion within the retinal microvasculature. Areas of capillary non-perfusion (CNP) appear white (retinal whitening) on ophthalmoloscopy. In this study, electrophysiological investigations were performed to investigate the physiological consequences of ...

We have developed a convenient strategy for preparing color-tunable fluorescent-magnetic core/shell multifunctional nanocrystals, which exhibit excellent photoluminescence (PL) properties (fluorescing tunably from 550 nm to 630 nm by modifying the shell thickness) and ferromagnetic material properties (a magnetization of 4.4 emu g(-1) and a coercivity of 95 Oe).

PURPOSE: To analyze the scan characteristics associated with poor-quality Stratus optical coherence tomograms submitted to a reading center for multicenter clinical trials. METHODS: Data from evaluation of 6,741 fast macular thickness map reports from trials involving age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema, and retinal vein occlusion were analyzed. Optical ...

Magnetic measurements on frozen ferrofluids with and without significant structure formation in an applied magnetic field have been performed. The results of these investigations were compared with the magnetic field dependent rheological properties for two different kinds of ferrofluids. Magnetic experiments performed similarly to conventional field cooled-field warming magnetic tests ...

Magnetic Heusler alloys which undergo a martensitic transition display interesting functional properties. In the present review, we survey the magnetocaloric effects of Ni-Mn-based Heusler alloys and discuss their relation with the magnetic shape-memory and magnetic superelasticity reported in these materials. We show that all these effects are a consequence of ...

To compare the sensitivities of high-speed Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) and conventional time-domain (TD) OCT for the detection of clinical findings important in the management of common vitreoretinal disorders. Prospective, observational study. FD-OCT scans (128 B scans x 512 A scans) were obtained using a prototype instrument (3 D-OCT; ...

To investigate whether the severity and location of cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and brain infarcts are correlated with the signs of retinal microvascular abnormalities in the elderly. The study included 4,176 men and women (mean age, 76 years) who participated in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study. Digital retinal ...

BACKGROUND: Type 1 sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is a clinical entity characterised by biliary-type pain, elevated liver biochemical tests, and common bile duct dilation. Sphincter fibrosis is a common finding in this type of dysfunction and may require in some cases a differential diagnosis with a malignant intra-papillary disease. Optical ...

Noninvasive or minimally invasive prediction of tumor metastatic potential would facilitate individualized cancer management. Studies were performed on a panel of human melanoma xenografts that spanned the full range of metastatic potential measured by an in vivo lung colony assay and an in vitro membrane invasion culture system. Three imaging ...

B-scan ultrasonography (USG) is a simple, noninvasive tool for diagnosing lesions of the posterior segment of the eyeball. Common conditions such as cataract, vitreous degeneration, retinal detachment, ocular trauma, choroidal melanoma, and retinoblastoma can be accurately evaluated with this modality. B-scan USG is cost-effective, which is an important consideration in ...

PURPOSE: To report a case of a topiramate-induced bilateral acute angle closure that was treated successfully by argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI). METHODS: A 59-year-old healthy woman taking oral topiramate developed bilateral acute angle closure. B-scan ultrasonography, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and slit-lamp adapted ocular coherence tomography were performed. RESULTS: The patient ...

Examination of a 34-year-old patient 7 years after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) showed Salzmann-like nodules in both eyes, causing irregular astigmatism and decreased visual acuity. Two new imaging modalities were used to demonstrate the characteristics of this complication. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Visante) scans showed hyperreflective nodules ...

Innovative nanocomposites of magnetic and fluorescent multifunctional hollow spheres were developed, which combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic targeting, fluorescent imaging (FI) and drug delivery into one system. Fe3O4 hollow spheres were used as templates for the deposition of polyelectrolyte (PE) multilayers and CdTe quantum dots (QDs) via layer-by-layer (LBL) ...

PURPOSE: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been found to be valuable to measure the corneal thickness (CT). The purpose of this clinical study was to determine the influence of corneal curvature on central and paracentral pachymetry with slit lamp-adapted OCT using a linear scanning geometry. METHODS: In a prospective, comparative ...

Magnetic resonance (MR) microscopy of up to 1-5-microm resolutions have been reported previously. The tested phantom structures, however, had widths one order of magnitude bigger than the reported resolutions, e.g., spherical beads or capillary tubes of tens-of-micron diameters or wall thicknesses have been imaged. In this study, we fabricated structures ...

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare, X-linked dominant disorder that presents at or soon after birth with characteristic cutaneous signs. The eyes and central nervous system are the next most commonly affected systems. We aimed to describe the ophthalmological, neurological and radiodiagnostic findings of a patient with IP and bilateral ...

Several magnetic fluorescence nanocomposites were presented. The particles exhibit intense fluorescence and large MR T2-weight values with CdSe depositing on Fe3O4 nanoparticles layer-by-layer to form Fe3O4/CdSe nanocomposites. The fluorescence of different layered nanocomposites was studied and the intensity was found to increase greatly with the accumulation of CdSe shell layers ...

In the field of nanomedicine there is a great demand for technologies that allow the creation of self-assembled structures of which the size and morphology can be accurately controlled. In the current study, we report a nanoparticle platform that is composed of a paramagnetic lipid and a fluorescently labeled lipopeptide. ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the ophthalmology findings in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). METHODS: Data source and subjects: 7 consecutive patients admitted to a tertiary stroke unit with CAA-related hemorrhage, confirmed on magnetic resonance brain imaging gradient echo sequences by 2 independent neuroradiologists. Design: case series. Measurements and data analysis: ...

As a fast developing alternative of traditional therapeutics, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective, noninvasive, nontoxic therapeutics for cancer, senile macular degeneration, and so on. But the efficacy of PDT was compromised by insufficient selectivity and low solubility. In this study, novel multifunctional silica-based magnetic nanoparticles (SMNPs) were strategically designed ...

Magnetic deposition microscropy (MDM) combines magnetic deposition and optical analysis of magnetically tagged cells into a single platform. Our multistage MDM uses enclosed microfabricated channels and a magnet assembly comprising four zones in series. The enclosed channels alleviate the problem plaguing previous versions of MDM: scouring of the cell deposition ...

Labeling of cells with nanoparticles for living detection is of interest to various biomedical applications. In this study, novel fluorescent/magnetic nanoparticles were prepared and used in high-efficient cellular imaging. The nanoparticles coated with the modified chitosan possessed a magnetic oxide core and a covalently attached fluorescent dye. We evaluated the ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the spectrum of foveal architecture in pediatric albinism and to assess the utility of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in ocular imaging of children with nystagmus. METHODS: Spectral-domain OCT imaging was performed on study subjects in 3 groups: subjects with ocular albinism (OA) or suspected OA with ...

Since its introduction by Jennison in 1958, the closure-phase method for removing the effects of electrical path-length errors in radio astronomy and of atmospheric turbulence in optical astronomy has been based on the non-redundant-spacing triple interferometer. It is shown that through application of lucky imaging concepts it is possible to ...

Evaluation of post-surgery tissue perfusion of free flaps of the lower leg with contrast enhanced harmonic imaging (CHI), laser-induced indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 10 patients with free flaps of the lower limb were evaluated with CHI, ICG-fluorescence angiography and perfusion weighted MRI. Perfusion weighted ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The manuscript presents a review of recently published studies analyzing different methodologies to assess centration and stability of intraocular lenses after implantation. RECENT FINDINGS: Considering that there is no current gold standard for centration and stability of intraocular lenses after implantation, we have summarized the different techniques ...

BACKGROUND: The magnetic properties of Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes have been exploited for different clinical and research purposes. A recent study in a rural clinical setting in Papua New Guinea has demonstrated that Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte detection is facilitated by magnetic deposition microscopy but no study has yet determined the relative sensitivity ...

PURPOSE: Although several screening methods exist, postoperative corneal ectasia after refractive surgery is a severe complication. One possibility for this might be the fact that screening methods may fail in detection of preoperative risk factors such as forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC). METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of four cases that showed only ...

A 36-year-old female referred with improving unaided vision in her left myopic eye was found to have a left 4.5 diopter hypermetropic shift. Examination revealed a left 2 mm proptosis but was otherwise normal with no choroidal folds on fundoscopy and bilateral 6/5 corrected vision. Her visual field and B ...

We combine far-field fluorescence nanoscopy through serialized recording of switchable emitters with polarization-sensitive fluorescence detection. In addition to imaging with nanoscale spatial resolution, this technique allows determination of the fluorescence anisotropy of each detected dipole emitter and thus an estimate of its rotational mobility. Sub-populations of fluorescent markers can thus ...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a diagnostic imaging modality that combines low coherence light with interferometry to produce high-resolution cross-sectional images of living tissues. Using this technology, we have imaged in vivo the human tympanic membrane (TM) in the office clinic setting and characterized TM microstructure in normal and pathologic ...

Management of cervical precancer is archetypal for other cancer prevention programmes but has to consider diagnostic and logistic challenges. Numerous optical tools are emerging for non-destructive near real-time early diagnosis of precancerous lesions of the cervix. Non-destructive, real-time imaging modalities have reached pre-commercial status, but high resolution mapping tools are ...

Blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is being evaluated as a treatment for diabetic retinopathy; however, whether the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and aldosterone influence retinal vascular pathology is unknown. We examined the effect of MR antagonism on pathological angiogenesis in rats with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). To determine the mechanisms by ...

The need to study molecular and functional parameters of Alzheimer's disease progression in animal models has led to the development of disease-specific fluorescent markers. However, curved optical interfaces and a highly heterogeneous internal structure make quantitative fluorescence imaging of the murine brain a particularly challenging tomographic problem. We investigated the ...

AIM: Wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) represents a heterogeneous group of phenotypes, all defined by fluorescein angiography features (FA). Imaging of wet AMD is extensively described in literature, including colour pictures, FA, indocyanine green angiography (ICG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The purpose of this study was to describe features ...

The distribution and clearance of macromolecules in ocular delivery are not well understood. It has been hypothesized that iontophoresis can enhance transscleral delivery of macromolecules. The objective of this study was to investigate the ocular distribution of a macromolecule after transscleral iontophoretic delivery and intravitreal injection in vivo using nuclear ...