A 6-hour-old alpaca cria was admitted for evaluation of respiratory distress since birth. Contrast radiography confirmed the presence of bilateral choanal atresia, and computed tomography (CT) evaluation was planned to aid in the surgical treatment. Due to deterioration in the cria's condition, euthanasia was performed prior to the CT examination. ...

When assessing the impact on workload from an expanding number of new patients and increasing treatment complexity, radiotherapy clinics find that oversimplified workload parameters, such as number of patients or number of fields, are not suitable for managing and predicting workload and organisational dimension. Although the basic treatment equivalent concept ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess the efficacy of different modalities in the detection of disease during the early posttreatment period of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Study design and setting We prospectively evaluated 57 patients with NPC who were treated with radiation. A postnasal space (PNS) biopsy, an endoscopic examination, and computed ...

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess the accuracy of general radiologists in the interpretation via teleradiology of emergency CT scans of the head. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the interpretations of 716 consecutive emergency CT scans of the head by a group of 15 board-certified general radiologists practicing in ...

The value of high resolution computerized tomography (CT) prior to routine mastoid surgery for cholesteatoma remains controversial. Doubts about sensitivity and specificity, in detecting the extent of underlying pathology and in predicting asymptomatic complications, prevent widespread adoption. This retrospective study looks at the influence of pre-operative scanning on the surgical ...

OBJECTIVES: To prove the feasibility of a local CT system as a method of CT suitable for use in dentistry. METHODS: Using an experimental set-up consisting of an X-ray source, a turntable and a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector connected to a PC, CT scans were made of a single molar ...

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effects of computed tomographic (CT) scan-guided third or fourth median sternotomies for valve operations on the incidence of resternotomy-related complications and early mortality. METHODS: Ninety patients undergoing valve replacement with third or fourth time sternotomy were divided into two groups. One group (CT group) consisted of ...

Understanding the dynamics of oncologist-patient communication regarding complementary therapy (CT) use is essential for the development of much-needed clinical guidelines. Discussions of CT use in 314 audio-taped initial consultations between cancer patients and their oncologists were identified and coded. Patients' anxiety levels and coping styles were also assessed. Reference to ...

Imaging provides the clinician with crucial information in the diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, treatment evaluation, and post-treatment assessment of patients with soft tissue sarcoma. MRI, including contrast-enhanced sequences, usually is preferred for evaluating the primary site in extremity sarcomas and lesions of the head and neck. CT generally is preferred ...

OBJECTIVE: Our objectives were to measure the level of satisfaction of pulmonary medicine specialists who refer patients to radiology facilities for high-resolution CT and to identify determinants of their reported satisfaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We surveyed 450 pulmonologist members of the American College of Chest Physicians. The self-administered questionnaire sought ...

Acute mastoiditis is a serious complication of acute otitis media in children. Suppurative disease in the mastoid region occasionally spreads to the adjacent dura mater of the posterior and middle cranial fossae and the sigmoid sinus by means of thrombophlebitis, osseous erosion, or anatomic pathways, producing intracranial complications. Computed tomography ...

OBJECTIVE: We report on the use of portable computed tomography (CT) in an ICU setting. The additional diagnostic gain and therapeutic consequences were assessed. PATIENTS: Ten ICU patients underwent 14 portable chest CT examinations. In 64% maximum intensive care was required, according to TISS28 (>40), and 42% were at a ...

Multidetector computer tomography (CT) scanners permit large volumes of the body to be scanned during a single breath-hold. Post-processing of the acquired data permits thin-section anatomic reconstructions to be created. Software improvements also currently permit high-resolution reformations to be depicted in multiple planes, along with volume-rendered anatomic depiction and measurements, ...

OBJECTIVE: In this retrospective study a review of the clinical, laboratory and radiologic features of 39 cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is presented. CT characteristics of XGP are analyzed in detail and the relevant literature is reviewed in order to determine the most typical among them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pathologic ...

A guideline for quality assurance of CT systems for radiotherapy treatment planning is proposed. Quantitative interpretation of CT number is very important especially for range calculation in heavy charged particle radiotherapy, for which we adopted the polybinary calibration method to correct variations among CT systems and scanning conditions. Practical procedures ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors performed this study to assess the availability of high-resolution computed tomography (CT), current referral practices, and potential barriers to the clinical use of high-resolution CT in patients with diffuse lung disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors sent a survey to 450 pulmonologists who were members ...

OBJECTIVE: To measure the predictive value of plain radiographs (shunt series) and computed tomography (CT) scans in a group of children undergoing evaluation for suspected shunt obstruction in a tertiary care pediatric emergency department (ED). METHODS: Radiology reports were reviewed for all ED patients who underwent a shunt series over ...

The history of surgery for middle ear cholesteatoma is of an evolution of techniques to meet the challenges of inaccessible disease and of post-operative cavity management. The concept has traditionally been of exploration guided by awareness and anticipation of all, possibly asymptomatic, complications. Modern imaging reliably demonstrates surgical anatomy, dictating ...

This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that a reduction in midthigh muscle cross-sectional area obtained by CT scan (MTCSA(CT)) is a better predictor of mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than low body mass index (BMI). We also wished to evaluate whether anthropometric measurements could be used ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors performed this study to determine the effect a computed tomographic (CT) scanner in the emergency department (ED) has on neuroimaging case volume and positive scan rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The total numbers of ED visits and neuroradiology CT scans requested from the ED were recorded ...

Software development for imaging workstations has lagged behind hardware availability. To guide development and to analyze work flow involved in interpretation of cross-sectional imaging studies, we assessed the cognitive and physical processes. We observed the performance and interpretation of body computed tomography (CT scans and recorded the events that occurred ...

CT scanning is accepted as a regular component of the investigation of patients with simple craniosynostosis. In a series of 109 cases with simple craniosynostoses treated at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, a correct diagnosis on the basis of clinical findings was made in 100% of cases by an ...

Knowing the surgical options for treating laryngeal carcinomas and the factors that are used to select patients for radiation therapy leads to a more comprehensive interpretation of neck scans in patients with laryngeal tumors (Table 6). Critical factors include tumor volume; cartilaginous invasion; spread across supraglottic-glottic-subglottic [table: see text] boundaries; ...

The calculation and verification of a CT number to density conversion table for a simulator-CT attachment known as Scanvision, which provides CT images for radiotherapy treatment planning, is presented. While the linear fit for CT-number-to-density is similar to most conventional doughnut gantry CT scanners, an offset of approximately 178 Hounsfield ...

BACKGROUND: In patients with acute severe respiratory failure (ARF) treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) the radiological evaluation has until now almost exclusively relied on bedside radiography and US. At St. Göran/Karolinska ECMO centre CT has become a routine complement to bedside examinations. OBJECTIVE: To review retrospectively the frequency, indications ...

OBJECTIVES: Although endoscopy has been shown by a few authors to be a valuable tool for the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis, its true role in the evaluation of the patient with chronic rhinosinusitis has not been elucidated. The current definition of chronic rhinosinusitis is a symptom-based definition, and objective testing ...

AIM: To determine the impact of computed tomography (CT) on the diagnosis and treatment plan in patients with acute abdominal pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was undertaken in 125 adult patients presenting with acute abdominal pain (74 men and 51 women; 40.2 +/- 19.3 years; range, 18-92). Changes ...

BACKGROUND: Patients with symptomatic thoracic involvement by amyloidosis are virtually all of AL-type, and have historically been divided into systemic and localised disease, a subdivision that helps predict outcome and aids management. Assessment and classification of amyloid has evolved in recent years to include a variety of tests, including radiolabelling ...

The objective of this prospective, analytic study was to identify predictors and describe the demographic and clinical correlates of head computed tomography (CT) evaluation in patients with poisoning or drug overdose and altered mental status. Forty-three patients that were evaluated by head CT and 109 that were not evaluated by ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to assess the clinical utility of routine preoperative computed tomography (CT) scanning in patients with cancer of the intraperitoneal colon. METHODS: From November 1997 to June 2001, all patients at VA Puget Sound Healthcare System with a diagnosis of colon cancer were referred ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to compare nonfunctional and functional spiral CT in the tumor (T) staging of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal tumors and to correlate the CT results with microlaryngoscopy and postoperative pathology. METHOD: Twenty-six patients (3 women, 23 men) with clinically suspected laryngeal and hypopharyngeal tumors underwent ...

The ability to think critically has been identified as a pivotal attribute of health care professionals. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe critical thinking (CT) behaviors and observable events resulting from CT, important in the practice of clinical laboratory science. Medical, educational, and psychological literature related ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the necessity of pelvic computed tomography (CT) in patients of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 400 patients of RCC, who underwent treatment at our institution between January 1988 and February 2001. These patients were evaluated pre-operatively with ultrasonograms (USG) and ...

With respect to the complex anatomy in the head and neck region, computed tomography has been established as a routine method for preoperative evaluation. Whereas in neurosurgery intraoperative tomographic image data acquisition (CT, MR) serves for control of therapeutic effects on a routine base, maxillofacial surgeons aren't accustomed to use ...

BACKGROUND: In adults with suspected meningitis clinicians routinely order computed tomography (CT) of the head before performing a lumbar puncture. METHODS: We prospectively studied 301 adults with suspected meningitis to determine whether clinical characteristics that were present before CT of the head was performed could be used to identify patients ...

Computed tomography (CT) is an excellent technique for demonstrating even small abnormalities of the thin and complex bony structures of the middle ear. For this reason, it is the modality of choice in the study of conductive hearing loss (CHL). However, not every patient complaining of CHL requires a CT ...

This article describes the current value of imaging in patients after stapes surgery and surgery after chronic otitis media including cholesteatoma. Possibilities and limits of computed tomography (CT) and MRI are described and most important investigation parameters are mentioned. After otosclerosis surgery, CT is the method of first choice in ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the impact of magnetic resonance imaging (MIR) and computed tomography (CT) on diagnostic and therapeutic decision making, taking into account the real cost of both techniques at the authors' institution. METHOD: Brain CT and routine and rapid MRI were ...

When treatment planning before placing dental implants in the posterior region of the mandible, the locations of the inferior alveolar nerve and mental foramen need to be ascertained, as they determine the bone height available and the implant length selected. The purpose of this study was to introduce the clinical ...

OBJECTIVE: In this study we analyzed the impact of multislice CT technology on scanner productivity in a tertiary care medical center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared the productivity of two diagnostic CT scanners during the periods January 1 to August 31, 1999 (when both scanners had single-slice CT capability) and ...

Twenty-six ears (of 25 patients) with congenital dysplasia of the external and middle ear were studied with two different types of imaging technologies in order to find out if it is possible to improve the anatomical overview of the dysplastic middle ears by combining the imaging methods. All the 26 ...

INTRODUCTION: The reimplantation of a complete tracheal segment (CTS) as an autograft or homograft often results in total or partial necrosis of the CTS. However, previous experiments suggested that when the CTS is first vascularized by the sternohyoid muscle (SM) 21 days before the reimplantation, the CTS can be reimplanted ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of CT in detecting mandibular invasion by squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-nine patients who had squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity that was clinically fixed to the mandible were treated with ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the current method of using computerized tomographic (CT) scans to screen for ventricular shunt failure in children who have hydrocephalus. DESIGN: Retrospective review of 112 randomly selected charts. PATIENTS: Children diagnosed with infantile hydrocephalus secondary to meningomyelocele, who were treated at the Andrew J. Kirch Developmental Services ...

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the addition of computed tomography (CT) results in changes in the evaluation and treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures. Fifteen intra-articular distal radius fractures were evaluated independently by 4 hand surgeons. Plain x-rays were reviewed initially followed by the corresponding CT ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of hydro-ultrasonography (US) and spiral computed tomography (CT) in the staging of gastric cancer. Forty-three patients with gastric cancers confirmed at surgery underwent hydro-US and spiral CT on the same day prospectively. Hydro-US and spiral CT were done after ...

PURPOSE: We performed a survey of Israeli oncology patients to examine the extent of their use of complementary therapies (CT) and to compare sociodemographic, psychologic, and medical characteristics, attitudes, and quality of life of users and nonusers of CT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Questionnaires were administered to 1,027 patients attending ambulatory ...

We describe a simple method for displaying and evaluating the concordance or discordance between cytotechnologists (CTs) and cytopathologists (CPs) on gynecologic cases. The provisional diagnoses made by the CTs and the final diagnoses of the CPs are captured by the laboratory information system; data generated for specified periods are displayed ...

OBJECTIVE: We reviewed our experience with childhood cholesteatoma in children under 15 years old. Based on cumulative postoperative data, we propose a modified canal-wall-up technique in conjunction with a planned, staged operation. METHODS: From 1982 to 1997, 56 children with cholesteatoma (58 ears, total) underwent surgery in our department. In ...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and effectiveness of cognitive therapy (CT) is well established for unipolar disorders, but little is known about its utility in bipolar disorders. This study aimed to explore the feasibility and efficacy of using CT as an adjunct to usual psychiatric treatment in this patient population. METHOD: Subjects ...