Abstract Conclusion: Non-echo planar (non-EPI) diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) increases the number of detected cholesteatoma after one-step canal wall-down (CWD) obliteration surgery for cholesteatoma compared with clinical evaluation alone. Objective: To evaluate the use of DW-MRI for detection of cholesteatoma after surgical treatment using a CWD obliteration technique. ...

To compare the image quality (IQ) and radiation dose of high-pitch scan and prospective ECG-triggered sequence scan on a 128-slice DSCT system for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulmonary venous (PV) CTA was performed with two protocols, including high-pitch scan and prospective ECG-triggered sequence scan. For each protocol, 20 sex, ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of 7-T contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the female pelvis. METHODS: Ten healthy female volunteers were examined on a 7-T whole-body MR system utilising a custom-built eight-channel transmit/receive radiofrequency body coil. The examination protocol included (1) T1-weighted fat-saturated 2D spoiled ...

OBJECTIVE. Although much attention is paid to the scapholunate ligament, lunotriquetral ligament, and the triangular fibrocartilage complex, additional intrinsic and extrinsic ligaments in the wrist play an important part in carpal stability. With improved MRI techniques, the radiologist can increasingly visualize these ligaments. CONCLUSION. The anatomy, MRI appearance, and clinical ...

The introduction of minimally invasive endourological procedures as SWL, URS and PCNL for upper urinary stone disintegration has closed the curtain on the era of open surgery for upper urinary tract stones where complete stone eradication was the rule. This shift to minimally invasive procedures has led to the introduction ...

The written report (or its electronic counterpart) is the primary mode of communication between the physician interpreting an imaging study and the referring physician. The content of this report not only influences patient management and clinical outcomes but also serves as legal documentation of services provided and can be used ...

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to describe how to interpret radiation dosi-metric data available on a body CT dose report and to explain the effects of key operator-chosen CT parameters on patient radiation dose. CONCLUSION. To apply dose reduction strategies in body CT, radiologists must understand the information ...

Computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) has been successfully integrated with the magnetic navigation system (MNS) to facilitate a roadmap-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this study was to compare this new approach of PCI versus conventional PCI regarding the difference of contrast usage, x-ray exposure, procedure success, and ...

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to use MDCT to study brain treatment and removal (excerebration) as part of mummification of royal Egyptian mummies dated to the 18th to early 20th Dynasties and to correlate the imaging findings with the archaeologic literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS. As part of an ...

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to describe an approach to protocol modifications in body CT to reduce patient radiation exposure while maintaining image quality and to illustrate the effects of these modifications. CONCLUSION. One should become proficient in interpreting the CT dose report, adjusting CT technical parameters, and ...

Purpose: To establish a practical and accurate motion tracking method for the development of rigid motion correction methods in helical x-ray computed tomography (CT).Methods: A commercially available optical motion tracking system provided 6 degrees of freedom pose measurements at 60 Hz. A 4 × 4 calibration matrix was determined to ...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Laminectomy is the traditional approach to intramedullary ependymomas and may lead to spinal instability and spinal deformities. Hemilaminectomy and laminoplasty have been developed to preserve the spinal stability and have been found to be effective. Unilateral, multilevel, interlaminar fenestration is another approach that may have more advantages in ...

BACKGROUND: A systematic literature review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted prostate biopsy demonstrates poor adherence to the Standards for the Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) recommendations for the full and transparent reporting of diagnostic studies. OBJECTIVE: To define and recommend Standards of Reporting for MRI-targeted Biopsy Studies (START). DESIGN, SETTING, ...

Multi-element volume radio-frequency (RF) coils are an integral aspect of the growing field of high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In these systems, a popular volume coil of choice has become the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) multi-element transceiver coil consisting of microstrip resonators. In this paper, to further advance this design ...

To review the discoveries underpinning the introduction of cerebral PET scanning and highlight its modern applications. Important discoveries in neurophysiology, brain metabolism, and radiotracer development in the post-World War II period provided the necessary infrastructure for the first cerebral PET scan. A complete review of the literature was undertaken to ...

Lumbar facet joint block is generally performed under fluoroscopic guidance. The purpose of this study was to assess the technical success rate of facet joint block under CT guidance. The CT scanner was operated tableside with a step-and-shoot mode for intermittent needle visualization, and the amount of radiation used to ...

Purpose Manual segmentation of CT datasets for preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation is a time-consuming procedure. The purpose of this study was to develop an automated segmentation procedure for the facial skeleton based on a virtual anatomic atlas of the skull, to test its practicability, and to evaluate the accuracy ...

Purpose Extraction of the mandible from 3D volumetric images is frequently required for surgical planning and evaluation. Image segmentation from MRI is more complex than CT due to lower bony signal-to-noise. An automated method to extract the human mandible body shape from magnetic resonance (MR) images of the head was ...

Phyllodes tumour or cystosarcoma phyllodes is a rare stromal breast tumour that is usually benign but on rare occasions can turn malignant. Non-specificity of the imaging features on sonography and mammography makes it difficult to distinguish malignant from benign counterparts solely based on imaging. The final diagnosis is still highly ...

Ranger, the cardiac Pet Therapy standard poodle, was called upon by a family member to visit Mrs. M, a patient hospitalized for worsening heart failure. Although short of breath, Mrs. M started talking to Ranger as he rested quietly on the bed beside her. She told him in a soft ...

Objective-To compare navicular bone marrow lesion (BML) conspicuity in the feet of horses as determined via 2 fat-suppressed MRI techniques, including standard short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and inversion recovery gradient echo (IRGE). Sample-Feet (n = 150) of horses with lameness referable to the distal portion of the digit. Procedures-STIR ...

The introduction of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) technology to dentistry and orthodontics revolutionized the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of orthodontic patients. This review article discusses the use of CBCT in diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. The steps required to install and operate a CBCT facility within the orthodontic ...

Background: Recent advances in cochlear implants (CIs) and in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have led to increasing numbers of implanted patients who have undergone brain MRIs for various reasons. This paper first describes the surgical procedure for removing the magnet before an MRI and its subsequent reinsertion immediately afterwards ...

BACKGROUND: Parks are key community assets for physical activity, but some evidence suggests these resources are not equitably distributed. PURPOSE: This study examined disparities by income and race/ethnicity in the availability, features, and quality of parks across Kansas City, Missouri. METHODS: All parks and census tracts (CTs) were mapped using ...

Objective. To assess characteristics of deployment of MRI of the SI joints (MR-SI) in patients with suspected axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) before and after a targeted intervention.Methods. In a retrospective chart review study, all MR-SI performed in the period 1 April 2004 to 31 December 2010 were collected. Inclusion criteria were ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to compare the diagnostic performances of non-radiating whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (wbMRI), either volumetric, with Volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) or metabolic, with diffusion-weighted sequences (wbMRI), with classical irradiating techniques such as PET-CT, CT and with lymph node ultrasonography (US) for the staging ...

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: In the diagnostic work-up of patients suspected of a dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF), imaging has a key role in order to diagnose the dAVF, assess its bleeding risk and choose optimal treatment strategy. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for the most detailed image of ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the conspicuity of bone metastases on each of the numerous sequences produced by fast Dixon-based multisequence whole-body (WB) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning in order to determine the most clinically useful sequences overall and per anatomic region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven ...

Registration of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images (DW-MRIs) is a key step for population studies, or construction of brain atlases, among other important tasks. Given the high dimensionality of the data, registration is usually performed by relying on scalar representative images, such as the fractional anisotropy (FA) and non-diffusion-weighted (b0) images, ...

Myxomas of bone in the head and neck are rare tumors. We present a 68 year old female with pain and epistaxis who was found to have the first reported case of a myxoma arising within the vomer bone. Some atypical magnetic resonance imaging features are described, however, myxoma imaging ...

High resolution and high field magnetic resonance neurography (MR neurography, MRN) is shown to have excellent anatomic capability. There have been considerable advances in the technology in the last few years leading to various feasibility studies using different structural and functional imaging approaches in both clinical and research settings. This ...

Small bowel capsule endoscopy (CE) has been introduced in New Zealand (NZ) in all of the tertiary and some secondary centres over the last few years. We describe our experience with CE from a single centre in NZ. In this 2-year, retrospective, study of 122 consecutive patients, data was collected ...

Purpose: Homogeneity of static magnetic field (B(0)) is unstable for head and neck magnetic resonance (MR) examination; consequently, chemical shift selective fat suppression becomes inhomogeneous. There is a commercially available additional pad to attenuate the B(0) inhomogeneity, but it is expensive. It has been reported that uncooked rice can be ...

Pretargeting of biomarkers with nanoparticles in molecular imaging is promising to improve diagnostic specificity and realize signal amplification, but data regarding its targeting potential in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tumor angiogenesis targeting efficacy of the anti-αvβ3 antibody guided three-step ...

RATIONALE: 11C]Pittsburgh compound-B (PIB) has been the most widely used positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent for brain amyloid. Several longitudinal studies evaluating progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and numerous therapeutic intervention studies are underway using [11C]PIB PET as an AD biomarker. Quantitative analysis of [11C]PIB data requires the definition ...

Even though 1 in 6 men in the US, in their lifetime are expected to be diagnosed with prostate cancer (CaP), only 1 in 37 is expected to die on account of it. Consequently, among many men diagnosed with CaP, there has been a recent trend to resort to active ...

Multi-modal MR-PET-EEG data acquisition in simultaneous mode confers a number of advantages at 3T and 9.4T. The three modalities complement each other well; structural-functional imaging being the domain of MRI, molecular imaging with specific tracers is the strength of PET, and EEG provides a temporal dimension where the other two ...

In 1962, a new English rock-and-roll band named The Beatles signed a recording contract with Electric & Music Industries (EMI). The Beatles were so financially successful that EMI was able to fund research and development in other divisions of the company; in particular, the work of an enterprising young engineer ...

As a result of their presumed benign natural history, cerebral capillary telangiectasias (CCTs) are infrequently addressed in the neurosurgical literature. We performed a comprehensive review of CCTs via the PubMed database to synthesize overall epidemiological, radiographic, natural history, and treatment results. Across ten series with 203 patients, mean age was ...

Open reduction and internal fixation with multiple screws and plates is the treatment of choice in patients with complex acetabular fractures. Two cases of a misplaced acetabular screw were detected on post-operative imaging, and referred to us for CT-guided removal of the misplaced screw. With the patients in the decubitus ...

STUDY DESIGN:: Retrospective diagnostic trial OBJECTIVE:: Determine the diagnostic performance of three-dimensional, isotropic fast/turbo spin-echo (3D-TSE) in routine lumbar spine MR imaging. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:: Conventional 2D-FSE MRI requires independent acquisition of each desired imaging plane. This is time consuming and potentially problematic in spine imaging, as the plane ...

The potential risks associated with ionising radiation are well documented. We have previously reported the "black bone" MRI sequence, useful when imaging cortical bone. The objective of this paper is to report our initial experience of this technique in patients undergoing imaging of the head and neck region. Using the ...

The exponential growth of CT imaging has been fueled by recent technical advances, improved diagnostic accuracy, and medicolegal pressures. CT imaging has replaced many more invasive and expensive tests and has proven itself an indispensable part of diagnostic medicine. This growth in CT imaging, however, has also been accompanied by ...

PURPOSE: To determine the clinical feasibility of arterial spin labeling (ASL) on a 1T open bore scanner. MATERIALS AND METHODS: First, the optimal postlabeling delay (PLD) at 1T was determined (n = 5), with and without vascular crushing. Second, the effect of different labeling approaches (pseudo-continuous ASL [pCASL] vs. pulsed ...

BackgroundMagnetic resonance (MR) arthrography is the ideal imaging modality for the acetabular labrum. Three-dimensional (3D) fast spin-echo (FSE) sequences have similar diagnostic performance as two-dimensional (2D) conventional MR imaging for ligaments, menisci, or bone marrow edema in the knee.PurposeTo compare the diagnostic accuracy and inter-observer reliability of 3D intermediate-weighted FSE ...

Gradient-echo sequences are widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for numerous applications ranging from angiography to perfusion to functional MRI. Compared with spin-echo techniques, the very short repetition times of gradient-echo methods enable very rapid 2D and 3D imaging, but also lead to complicated "steady states." Signal and contrast ...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to compare the various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences when they are used to visualize and evaluate cerebral venous thrombosis. METHODS: Eleven patients with cerebral venous thrombosis were retrospectively analyzed using computed tomography, MRI, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and conventional angiography. The MR ...

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) has been reported as one of the most common peripheral neuropathies. Carpal tunnel segmentation from magnetic resonance (MR) images is important for the evaluation of CTS. To date, manual segmentation, which is time-consuming and operator dependent, remains the most common approach for the analysis of the ...

Computed tomography (CT) to cone-beam CT (CBCT) deformable image registration (DIR) is a crucial step in adaptive radiation therapy. Current intensity-based registration algorithms, such as demons, may fail in the context of CT-CBCT DIR because of inconsistent intensities between the two modalities. In this paper, we propose a variant of ...

A 15-year-old boy sustained cardiac arrest and was ultimately found to have imaging characteristics consistent with a right ventricular apical sequestration, a sub-variety of double-chambered right ventricle. This is a unique report demonstrating the MRI findings of this rare variation.