PURPOSE: To establish relationships between quantitative MRI (qMRI) and biomechanical parameters in order to help inform and interpret alterations of human intervertebral discs (IVD) with different grades of degeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The properties of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) of each IVD of 10 lumbar spines ...

The noninvasive measurement of the mechanical properties of brain tissue using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) has emerged as a promising method for investigating neurological disorders. To date, brain MRE investigations have been limited to reporting global mechanical properties, though quantification of the stiffness of specific structures in the white matter ...

The magnetoelectric properties of the TbMn1-xScxO3 series have been studied at low temperatures by means of heat capacity, magnetic measurements and impedance spectroscopy. TbMnO3 exhibits as expected three transitions upon lowering the temperature corresponding to the magnetic ordering of the two sublattices (Mn and Tb) and the ferroelectric transition. Ferroelectricity ...

Magnetic anisotropy is the property that confers to the spin a preferred direction that could be not aligned with an external magnetic field. Molecules that exhibit a high degree of magnetic anisotropy can behave as individual nanomagnets in the absence of a magnetic field, due to their predisposition to maintain ...

In the past decade, self-assembled vertical nano-heterostructures have drawn considerable attention because a high interface-to-volume ratio can be used to tailor or create functionalities. We have systematically investigated the magnetic properties of oxide heterostructures consisting of the CoFe2O4 nanopillars embedded in the BiFeO3 matrix using macroscopic magnetization measurements and element-selective ...

Quantifying the stiffness properties of soft tissues is essential for the diagnosis of many cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. In these pathologies it is widely agreed that the arterial wall stiffness is an indicator of vulnerability. The present paper focuses on the carotid artery and proposes a new inversion methodology ...

The magnetic properties of trilayers consisting of a diluted magnetic alloy, CuMn (Cu0.99Mn0.01), a soft ferromagnet, Py(≡Ni0.8Fe0.2), and an antiferromagnet, α-Fe2O3, were investigated. The samples, grown by UHV magnetron sputtering, were magnetically characterized in the temperature range T = 3-100 K. Typical exchange bias features, namely clear hysteresis cycle shifts and coercivity enhancements, ...

BACKGROUND: Early detection of heart failure is essential to effectively reduce related mortality. The quantification of the mechanical properties of the myocardium, a primordial indicator of the viability of the cardiac tissue, is a key element in patient's care. Despite an incremental utilization of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for ...

Spherical nanoclusters (NCs) with a central dielectric core surrounded by several satellite plasmonic nanospheres have been recently investigated as aggregates supporting electric and magnetic collective resonances. Notably, the collective magnetic resonance has been exploited to provide magnetic properties in optics, i.e., materials with macroscopic relative permeability different from unity. The ...

This paper is aimed at conducting a survey of the synthetic methods and magnetic properties of nanoparticles as ferrofluids used in biomedicine. As compared with other works in the field, the distinctive feature of the current work is the systematic study of recent advances in ferrofluids utilized in hyperthermia and ...

MRI at high field can be sensitized to the magnetic properties of tissues, which introduces a signal dependence on the orientation of white matter (WM) fiber bundles relative to the magnetic field. In addition, study of the NMR relaxation properties of this signal has indicated contributions from compartmentalized water environments ...

We describe the synthesis of a highly water-soluble cryptophane 1 that can be seen as a universal platform for the construction of (129) Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based biosensors. Compound 1 is easily functionalized by Huisgen cycloaddition and exhibits excellent xenon-encapsulation properties. In addition, 1 is nontoxic at the concentrations ...

Dicationic magnetic ionic liquids with heteroanionic anions allow for tunability of physicochemical properties while retaining magnetic susceptibility.

This paper describes the synthesis and detailed characterization of a new set of magnetic surfactants containing lanthanide metal counterions. SQUID magnetometry has been used to elucidate the magnetic phase behaviour, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) provides evidence of micellar aggregation in aqueous media. This study also reveals that for cationic ...

PURPOSE: To propose a single magnetic resonance scan conductivity imaging technique providing dual-frequency characteristics of tissue conductivity. METHODS: Using a modified spin-echo pulse sequence, the magnetic flux density induced by externally injected currents and the B1+ phase map with injected current effects removed were acquired simultaneously. The low-frequency conductivity was ...

In this paper, a systematic method is presented for developing microstructure-statistics-property relations of anisotropic polydisperse particulate composites using microcomputer tomography (micro-CT). Micro-CT is used to obtain a detailed three-dimensional representation of polydisperse microstructures, and an image processing pipeline is developed for identifying particles. In this work, particles are modeled as ...

We synthesize giant magnetic liposomes by a reverse-phase evaporation method (REV) using a new self-assembling Cationic Pyridine Amphiphile (CPA) derived from 1,4-dihydropyridine as liposome-forming agent and a magnetic ferrofluid based on [Formula: see text] - Fe (2) O (3) nanoparticles. Having in view the potential interest of CPA in targeted ...

The foundation for an accurate and unifying Fourier-based theory of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is constructed by carefully re-examining the first principles of DW-MRI signal formation and deriving its mathematical model from scratch. The derivations are specifically obtained for DW-MRI signal by including all of its elements (e.g., ...

MR Electric Properties Tomography (EPT) is a lately developed medical imaging modality capable of visualizing both conductivity and permittivity of the patient at the Larmor frequency using B 1 maps. The paper discusses the development of EPT reconstructions, EPT sequences, EPT experiments, and challenging issues of EPT.

We reported well-integrated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod arrays (NRAs) on conductive textiles (CTs) and their structural and optical properties. The integrated ZnO NRAs were synthesized by cathodic electrochemical deposition on the ZnO seed layer-coated CT substrate in ultrasonic bath. The ZnO NRAs were regularly and densely grown as well as ...

A simple and fast (7 min) procedure for synthesis of gadolinium phosphate nanocubes (edge = 75 nm) based on the microwave-assisted heating at 120 °C of gadolinium acetylacetonate and phosphoric acid solutions in buthylene glycol is reported. These nanocubes were highly crystalline and crystallized into a tetragonal structure, which has ...

  The characteristics of tomato pericarp are closely associated with peelabililty, an important quality attribute of processing tomatoes. Different types of tissue exist in the pericarp of tomato. The outermost region of the pericarp, the red layer, is removed with the skin during peeling. This study investigated the morphological features ...

The aim of this study was to examine the structural and mechanical properties of the patellar tendon in elite male badminton players with and without patellar tendinopathy. Seven players with unilateral patellar tendinopathy (PT group) on the lead extremity (used for forward lunge) and nine players with no current or ...

Porous media are ubiquitous in our environment and their application is extremely broad. The common connection between these diverse materials is the importance of the microstructure (μm to mm scale) in determining the physical, chemical and biological functions and properties. Magnetic resonance and its imaging modality have been essential for ...

We have presented, for the first time, hydrogels that can be directed and assembled into 3D constructs by exploiting their magnetic properties without using magnetic particles. We have performed experimental and theoretical analyses to describe hydrogel motion in a fluidic environment under a magnetic field.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management takes into account clinical and radiological findings, such as tumor stage, hepatic functional status and clinical symptoms. It is necessary to evaluate the number, size and location of the lesions. However, lesion aggressiveness is not considered in this therapeutic workflow, although the biology and the growth ...

Various quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) biomarkers, including but not limited to parametric MRI mapping, semiquantitative evaluation, and morphological assessment, have been successfully applied to assess cartilage repair in both animal and human studies. Through the interaction between interstitial water and constituent macromolecules the compositional and structural properties of cartilage ...

Increasing detection sensitivity and image contrast have always been major topics of research in MRI. In this perspective, we summarize two engineering approaches to make detectors and sensors that have potential to extend the capability of MRI. The first approach is to integrate miniaturized detectors with a wireless powered parametric ...

Advances in clinical diagnostic instrumentation have enabled some imaging modalities to be run concurrently. For diagnostic purposes, multimodal imaging can allow for rapid location and accurate identification of a patient's illness. The paramagnetic and near Infra-red (NIR) properties of Dy(III) and Yb(III) are interesting candidates for the development of bimodal ...

We study superconducting and non-superconducting nanorings and look for non-classical features of magnetic flux passing through nanorings. We show that the magnetic flux can exhibit purely quantum properties in some peculiar states with quadrature squeezing. We identify a subset of Gazeau-Klauder states in which the magnetic flux can be squeezed ...

The present paper deals with studies of magnetic properties of Si(B) whiskers with large boron impurity concentration of up to 1-5% in the range of magnetic fields (0.3-4.0) kOe and temperatures of 4.2-300 K. In particular, magnetic susceptibility of whiskers has been investigated. The results obtained in the temperature range ...

The purpose of this review is to summarize the principles and applications of dual-energy CT in evaluation of the brain and the intracranial blood vessels. One major advantage of dual-energy CT is the capability of material differentiation. In general, this property can be applied to bone removal in CT angiography ...

A novel pathway is presented to transfer and embed functional patterned magnetic nanostructures into flexible and stretchable polymeric membranes. The geometrical and magnetic properties are maintained through the process, realized even directly inside a microfluidic channel. These results pave the way to the realization of smart biomedical systems and devices ...

Small radiofrequency coils, often termed "microcoils", have found extensive use in many areas of magnetic resonance. Their advantageous properties include a very high intrinsic sensitivity, a high (several MHz) excitation and reception bandwidth, the fact that large arrays can fit within the homogeneous volume of the static magnetic field, and ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The treatment planning of spine pathologies requires information on the rigidity and permeability of the intervertebral discs (IVDs). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers great potential as a sensitive and non-invasive technique for describing the mechanical properties of IVDs. However, the literature reported small correlation coefficients between mechanical properties ...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a clinical imaging modality effective for anatomical and functional imaging of diseased soft tissues, including solid tumors. MRI contrast agents (CA) have been routinely used for detecting tumor at an early stage. Gadolinium-based CA are the most commonly used CA in clinical MRI. There have ...

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP), fabricated by loading a therapeutic agent into a magnetic nanoparticle through encapsulation or adsorption, have gained particular interest during the last decade because of their intrinsic magnetic nature as well as enhanced physicochemical properties. Using their superior specifications MNPs can address the shortcomings of traditional therapeutic agents ...

In this review, we discuss the prospective medical application of magnetic carriers microfabricated by top-down techniques. Physical methods allow the fabrication of a variety of magnetic structures with tightly controlled magnetic properties and geometry, which makes them very attractive for a cost-efficient mass-production in the fast growing field of nanomedicine. ...

Purpose: To determine the anatomic characteristics and pharmacokinetic properties of intravitreally-placed aflibercept in a rabbit model. Materials and methods: Four Dutch-belted rabbits underwent intravitreal injection with I-124-aflibercept. Serial imaging with PET/CT imaging was performed on days 0, 2, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Measured radioactivity emission in becquerels/mL ...

Stripe domains are studied in perpendicular magnetic anisotropy films nanostructured with a periodic thickness modulation that induces the lateral modulation of both stripe periods and in-plane magnetization. The resulting system is the 2D equivalent of a strained superlattice with properties controlled by interfacial misfit strain within the magnetic stripe structure ...

Mn(III) tetra(meta-fluorophenyl)porphyrin-tetracyanoethenide coordination polymer (abbreviated meta-F) was synthesized and crystallographically and magnetically characterized. The compound crystallizes in the space group C2/c with four equivalent molecules in the unit cell arranged along two symmetry related nonparallel linear chain directions. Magnetic properties were studied by SQUID dc magnetization and ac susceptibility techniques ...

: Presurgical evaluation for refractory epilepsy typically includes assessment of cognitive and language functions. The reference standard for determination of hemispheric language dominance has been the intracarotid amobarbital test (IAT) but functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is increasingly used. : To critically assess current evidence regarding the diagnostic properties of ...

Glossectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the cancerous tumor of the tongue. After the glossectomy, the tongue is sutured closed or a flap is inserted to reconstruct the tongue volume. As a result, the properties of the tongue are more or less affected by the surgery. The changes in ...

The quantitative evaluation of brain hemodynamics and metabolism, particularly the relationship between brain function and oxygen utilization, is important for the understanding of normal human brain operation, as well as the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. It can also be of great importance for the evaluation of hypoxia within tumors of ...

Eight skeletally mature equine cadaver distal forelimbs were imaged using T2-weighted fast spin echo (FSE) sequences in a 1.0 T horizontal bore magnet. Each limb was parallel to the main magnetic field and with 16° angulation of the limb relative to the main magnetic field, which places one of the ...

We present the longitudinal neurolinguistic, neuropsychological and neurologic follow-up of a 64 y.o. right-handed woman, who developed progressive apraxia of speech (PAOS), followed by peripheral agraphia then a left corticobasal syndrome (CBS). Neuroimaging (CT, MRI and FDG-PET) unequivocally showed progressive right hemispheric atrophy and hypometabolism. This particular evolution first confirms ...

ABSTRACT. The study of dual-modality technology which combines microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) has become one of the main focuses in FMT. However, because of the diversity of the optical properties and irregular geometry for small animals, a reconstruction method that can effectively utilize the high-resolution structural ...

To describe regions of the thoracic and pelvic limb proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints that are arthroscopically accessible and identify soft tissue structures that should be avoided during arthroscope and instrument placement. Experimental ex vivo descriptive study. Horses (n = 15). Cadaver limbs (n = 36) were used for anatomic modeling, ...

Objective-To compare anatomic features of cross-sectional specimens with those of MRI images of the heads of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Animals-5 cadavers of juvenile female loggerhead sea turtles. Procedures-Spin-echo T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI scans were obtained in sagittal, transverse, and dorsal planes with a 0.2-T magnet and head coil. ...

PURPOSE: Contrast-enhanced MRI is the mainstay for detecting pathology in the skull base foramina and nerve canals, through demonstration of abnormal enhancement. When MRI is contraindicated, or unable to differentiate tumor from non-neoplastic pathology, high-resolution skull base CT is indicated to assess for nerve canal or foramen widening, which is ...