Objective: To report a case of first branchial arch abnormality and the problems associated with misdiagnosis. A succinct literature review is included. Setting: Teaching hospital in Scotland. Methods: A 10-year-old girl presented with localised erythema and swelling in the left parotid region. This was treated with antibiotics and incision and ...

A 70-year-old woman presented to our emergency center with a complaint of jerking and twisting movements in her left upper limb and left ankle with deviation of her mouth toward the left. The movements had lasted two minutes and the deviation resolved spontaneously after 30 minutes. She had a history ...

Hemimandibular hyperplasia (HH) and hemimandibular elongation (HE) anomalies present with facial asymmetry and deranged occlusion. Currently, diagnosis and assessment of the facial dysmorphology is based on subjective clinical evaluation, supported by radiological scans. Advancements in objective assessments of facial asymmetry from three-dimensional (3D) facial scans facilitate a re-evaluation of the ...

Our objectives were to establish a magnetic resonance (MR) protocol for the examination of, and then describe, the normal ligaments and the supporting structures of the occipitoatlantoaxial region. This was done in 10 cadaver dogs. In addition, MR images of three patients with cervical pain localized to the occipitoatlantoaxial region ...

The musculoskeletal system of the aardvark (Orycteropus afer) tail was morphologically examined in two adult specimens. The tail musculature comprised three muscular groups, viz. a dorsal sacrocaudal system that consisted of the irregularly oriented Musculus sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis and M. sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis, a lateral inter-vertebral connecting system, and a ventral ...

We describe a case of a type IIIb endoleak arising from the main body of a Talent endograft that was treated using two telescoping cuffs and two parallel upside-down inserted Excluder contralateral legs, thereby creating a new bifurcating endograft. First, a 23 mm cuff was deployed onto the flow divider ...

Background  Far less is known about the normal anatomy of the nasal cavity of Eulemur fulvus; no computed tomography (CT) scan has ever been published. Methods  Relevant CT scans were taken in the transverse, dorsal and longitudinal planes. These scans were compared with anatomical sections of heads. Results  Computed tomography ...

ABSTRACT: Monomelic amyotrophy of the upper limb or Hirayama disease is mostly considered as an anterior horn disorder resulting from local ischemia, triggered by arterial compression from an anterior shifting of the posterior cervical dura upon neck flexion. However, such a dural shifting is not universally seen. We report on ...

Percutaneous biopsy of upper cervical vertebrae is challenging due to the various critical structures in the location and often requires difficult trajectory such as transoral or paramaxillary approaches. The purpose of this manuscript is to illustrate the utility of head rotation in creating a potential space for direct percutaneous access ...

Magic angle magnetic resonance (MR) imaging consists of imaging tendons at 55° to the magnetic field. In people, magic angle MR imaging is valuable for detection of chronic tendon lesions and allows calculation of tendon T1 values. Increased T1 values occur in people with chronic tendinopathy. The T1 values of ...

Fetus-in-fetu (FIF), also known as endoparasitic twin, is a form of asymmetric fetal duplication in which the abnormal developing embryo parasitizes the normal co-twin by attaching internally. Here, we report a case of FIF presented as an intra-abdominal cystic mass, which was first detected during an antenatal ultrasound examination of ...

We report a female infant who presented with a tail appendage bearing a gelatinous tip and an associated lipomyelocele. Magnetic resonance images revealed the presence of spina bifida and a tract in continuity from the tail to the conus medullaris. The tail was surgically removed. A human tail may be ...

A male Queensland koala (Phascolarctos cinereus adustus) at Kanazawa Zoological Gardens (Kanagawa, Japan) exhibited paralytic symptoms in the hind limbs. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass on the left ventral side of the 11th to 13th thoracic vertebrae, and the presence of myelitis or edema in the ...

Human tissues are usually studied using a series of two-dimensional visualizations of in vivo or cutout specimens. However, there is no precise anatomical description of some of the processes of human fetal development. The purpose of our study is to develop a quantitative description of the normal axial skeleton by ...

Advances in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and three-dimensional (3D) modeling software provide the tools necessary to create sophisticated, interactive anatomic resources that can assist in the interpretation of MR images of extremities, and learning the structure and function of limb musculature. Modeling provides advantages over dissection or consultation of print ...

BACKGROUND: There is paucity of data on white matter (WM) abnormalities in juvenile obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study aimed to identify WMmicrostructure changes in juvenile OCD. METHODS: Fifteen children and adolescents with OCDand 15 matched healthy controls underwent diffusion tensor imaging using a 3 Tesla (Achieva, Best, The Netherlands) magnetic ...

A 12-year-old neutered male shih tzu developed progressive pelvic limb paraparesis. Computed tomography showed a radiolucent mass lesion in the spinal canal at the left side of the 11th thoracic vertebra. The mass was not enhanced by intravenous contrast medium injection. It was hyperintense on both T1- and T2-weighted magnetic ...

Advanced magnetic resonance (MR) approaches permit the noninvasive quantification of macromolecular, functional, and physiological properties of biological tissues. In this chapter, we review the application of advanced MR techniques to the spinal cord. Macromolecular properties of the spinal cord can be studied using magnetization transfer (MT) MR, diffusion tensor imaging ...

35-year-old male presented with multiple swellings in left leg, headache, weakness of limbs for 4 months, and blurring of vision for the last 15 days. On examination, he was pale, cachexic with generalized lymphadenopathy and lower motor neuron type weakness of limbs sparing right upper limb. Blood investigations showed anemia ...

Dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint is rare. However, posterior dislocation compressing important structures in the mediastinum may be fatal. Early diagnosis and prompt therapy of sternoclavicular joint dislocation are important. Computed tomography (CT) is an optimal means to investigate sternoclavicular joint anatomy; however, there are few reports on the imageological ...

Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) play important roles in the evaluation of traumatic brain injury. Modern CT scanners allow for rapid and accurate diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage and mass effect and allow the efficient implementation of emergent CT angiography. Newer sequences, such as gradient recalled echo, susceptibility-weighted imaging, ...

Purpose: To assess the contribution of 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSCE) imaging metrics in the differentiation of glioblastomas from solitary metastasis, and particularly to clarify the controversial reports regarding the hypothesis that there should be a significant differentiation between ...

In keeping with the increasing utilization of CT examinations, the greater concern about radiation hazards from examinations has been addressed. In this regard, CT radiation dose optimization has been given a great deal of attention by radiologists, referring physicians, technologists, and physicists. Dose-saving strategies are continuously evolving in terms of ...

This paper reports on issues relating to the optimal use of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-EOB-DTPA MR imaging) together with the generation of consensus statements from a working group meeting, which was held in Seoul, Korea (2010). Gd-EOB-DTPA has been shown to improve the detection and characterization of ...

A pragmatic method for assessing the accuracy and precision of a given processing pipeline required for converting computed tomography (CT) image data of bones into representative three dimensional (3D) models of bone shapes is proposed. The method is based on coprocessing a control object with known geometry which enables the ...

A 35-year-old woman with a left kidney mass was diagnosed on ultrasound and CT; however, the diagnosis was inconclusive and therefore she underwent dual-tracer (C-acetate and F-18 FDG) PET/CT. C-acetate PET/CT identified an exophytic lesion in the left kidney and a chain of left para-aortic nodes from left renal vein ...

This study tested the feasibility of C11-acetate (acetate) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to assess response to therapy in men with bone metastatic prostate cancer and compared results for disease detection and response evaluation with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET. Men with ≥3 prostate cancer bone metastases identified by Tc-99m methylene ...

To determine the prevalence, location, and size of maxillary sinus septa, and to compare the results of panoramic radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans. This study included 30 patients, 17 women and 13 men, with a mean age of 50.9 years (range, 28-73 years), undergoing treatment planning for implant-supported restorations ...

The consumer quality of baked products is closely related with dough structure properties. These are developed during dough fermentation and finalized during its baking. In this study, magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) was employed in a study of dough fermentation and baking. A small hot air oven was installed inside a ...

A 61-year-old diabetic male developed weakness of both lower limbs while walking, 1 month go. When he was examined in hospital a hour later, it was found that he had total absence of movements in both legs, sensory loss of all modalities till umbilicus and had urinary retention. MRI spine ...

In this article, we present a 3D imaging technique, applying center-out RAdial Sampling with Off-Resonance reception, to accurately depict and localize small paramagnetic objects with high positive contrast while suppressing long T(2) (*) components. The center-out RAdial Sampling with Off-Resonance reception imaging technique is a fully frequency-encoded 3D ultrashort echo ...

Wear of polyethylene tibial inserts can decrease the longevity of total knee arthroplasty. Wear is currently assessed using laboratory methods that may not permit backside wear measurements or do not quantify surface deviation. We developed and validated a technique to quantify polyethylene wear in tibial inserts using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), ...

To compare cephalostat two-dimensional (2D) measurements to 3D computed tomography (CT) measurements in order to determine the compatibility of CT landmarks identification for orthodontic purposes. Ten human skulls were x-rayed in conventional lateral cephalogram and then scanned with spiral CT. Twenty-eight linear and angular cephalometric measurements were registered on the ...

Accessory parotid glands are a common clinical occurrence and usually drain into the main Stenson's duct by small ductules and thereby, into the buccal cavity. Presence of an accessory parotid gland with an ectopic fistulous duct is a rare occurrence. We present the imaging findings in a case of right ...

The peripheral ossifying fibroma, a benign gingival overgrowth, occurs mainly in the anterior portion of the maxilla in young adults. The size of the lesion is usually less than 1.5 cm. We report a case of peripheral ossifying fibroma overlying the mandibular alveolar ridge of a 55-year-old female. MR scans showed ...

A prospective study using a newly developed imaging diagnosis method to examine the patients with L5 radiculopathy. To confirm the efficacy of a new 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) imaging method to diagnose extraforaminal stenosis at the lumbosacral junction. The lack of recognition of extraforaminal stenosis at the lumbosacral junction ...

This study was to develop a novel method of nanoparticle-based MR colonography. Two types of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were synthesized with loading of (a) gadolinium (Gd) diethylenetriaminepenta acetic acid to construct Gd-SLNs as an MR T1 contrast agent and (b) otcadecylamine-fluorescein-isothiocyanate to construct Gd-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-SLNs for histologic confirmation ...

To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of laryngeal framework reconstruction using titanium mesh in patients with glottic cancer after frontolateral vertical partial laryngectomy. Prospective study. Defect of laryngeal framework, caused by frontolateral vertical partial laryngectomy in nine patients with T2 or T3 squamous cell carcinoma of glottic, were reconstructed with ...

Two commercial formulations of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin were applied to residential sites in Old Lyme, CT, for the control of nymphs of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis, in 1999 and 2000. The pyrethroid bifenthrin was applied to other premises for comparison with B. bassiana. A wood chip barrier was ...

This study tests computer imaging software (SurgiCase-CMF(®), Materialise) that enables surgeons to perform virtual orthognathic surgical planning using a three dimensional (3D) utility that previews the final shape of hard and soft tissues. It includes a soft tissue simulation module that has created images of soft tissues altered through bimaxillary ...

Advanced transvaginal neurosonography has revealed normal and abnormal intracranial morphology. Transvaginal three-dimensional (3D) sonography demonstrates bony structure, multiplanar analysis of inside detailed morphology, tomographic ultrasound imaging in any cutting sections, 3D sonoangiography and volume calculation of ventricles and/or intracranial lesions. Longitudinal assessment of normal and abnormal central nervous system (CNS) ...

Purpose. Volume rendering (VR) of three-dimensional (3D) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance (MR) images shows regional intensity differences, reflecting the central sulcus (CS) region and occipital cortex. The purpose of this study was to determine whether 3D FLAIR with VR could be used as an alternative method to localise the ...

Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) is a less invasive alternative compared with an open procedure. However, it is difficult to obtain a full-view image and to estimate the three-dimensional (3D) relationships between organs during laparoscopic procedures. Determining the vascular anatomy by 3D CT imaging has been shown to play a critical ...

This article illustrates early human development, demonstrated by magnetic resonance (MR) microscopy and computer graphics on human embryo specimens, and advanced 3-dimensional (3D) sonography in clinical obstetrics. Fixed human embryo specimens were imaged by MR microscopy coupled with computer graphics technology. Transvaginal 3D sonography was used to examine embryos in ...

To identify and optimize parameters determining the diagnostic quality of three-dimensional surface models derived from craniofacial spiral CT. Three dry bone skull specimens were scanned with 1-slice, 4-slice, and 16-slice spiral CT. A total of 60 surface models were calculated with variation of several parameters of the CT scan and ...

Three-dimensional imaging of teeth will increase its impact in clinical practice if reconstructions are metrically accurate. We hypothesized that, with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data, three-dimensional images of teeth can be reconstructed with the same accuracy and precision as with in vitro micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) data acquisition, the current ...

Due to x-ray beam polychromaticity and scattered radiation, attenuation measurements tend to be underestimated. Cupping and beam hardening artifacts become apparent in the reconstructed CT images. If only one material such as water, for example, is present, these artifacts can be reduced by precorrecting the rawdata. Higher order beam hardening ...

Congenital radioulnar synostosis is a rare malformation of the upper limb, with functional limitations of the limb. A 10-year-old child with pain and restricted mobility of the elbow joint was admitted to the hospital. Plain film radiography and CT examination was performed. Radiological examinations showed a congenital radioulnar synostosis. The ...

The aim of this paper was to show the value of the 3D modelling of the leg by multislice computed tomography (MSCT) in demonstrating the effects of compression therapy on both the superficial veins and on the limb's volume. The spiral CT with 3D reconstruction of the lower limbs (with ...

Compressed sensing (CS) holds considerable promise to accelerate the data acquisition in magnetic resonance imaging by exploiting signal sparsity. Prior knowledge about the signal can be exploited in some applications to choose an appropriate sparsifying transform. This work presents a CS reconstruction for magnetic resonance (MR) parameter mapping, which applies ...