A 53-year-old male with a remote history of colon adenocarcinoma presented with weakness, severe anaemia and an actively bleeding ulcerated lesion in the stomach. An 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT showed FDG-avid masses in the stomach and mesentery, which were biopsied to reveal an unsuspected diagnosis of plasmacytoma. The ...

Gastric emptying is achieved by cooperation of gastric and duodenal motor activity. Therefore, evaluation of gastric emptying and its associated mechanisms would benefit clinical therapy as well as medical research. Healthy volunteers underwent rapid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen along the coronal plane after ingestion of liquid meal. ...

An otherwise healthy 56-year-old Caucasian female was referred to the radiology department because of an ulceration of her palatal mucosa. Clinically the lesion was suspected to be malignant and a multislice CT (MSCT) examination of the head and neck region was performed. This revealed an ulcer-like cavity with no tumour-like ...

PURPOSE: Unwanted deposition of (90)Y microspheres in organs other than the liver during radioembolization of liver tumours may cause severe side effects such as duodenal ulcer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of posttherapy bremsstrahlung (BS) SPECT/CT images of the liver in comparison to planar and ...

Background  Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides direct, non-invasive measurements of gastric function and emptying. The inter-observer variability (IOV) of MR volume measurements and the most appropriate analysis of MR data have not been established. To assess IOV of total gastric volume (TGV) and gastric content volume (GCV) measurements from MR ...

We present a case of a woman with ulcerative colitis who was referred for an F-18 FDG PET/CT after a suspicious colonoscopy and biopsy. PET/CT showed multiple elongated foci of intense FDG uptake in the colon, a pattern commonly reported with inflammatory bowel disease; however, the possibility of lymphoma was ...

Adenomucinosis is a rare condition characterized by accumulation of large volumes of mucin, typically related to mucinous neoplasms of the appendix within the peritoneal space. Extraperitoneal adenomucinosis is an uncommon variant where mucin accumulates outside the peritoneal space and usually arises following surgery for mucinous appendiceal neoplasms. This is a ...

Chronic lung disease of Infancy (CLDI) remains a common outcome among infants born extremely premature. In older children and adults with lung disease, pulmonary function and computed tomography (CT) scores are used to follow-up respiratory disease and assess disease severity. For infants and toddlers, these outcomes have been used very ...

In recent years, there has been increased utilisation of advanced cardiovascular imaging modalities for congenital heart disease (CHD) because of increased survival rates from improved surgical and interventional techniques and medical care. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in particular has seen increased clinical and research utility. The non-invasive nature of ...

Impaired gastric accommodation is an important cause of functional dyspepsia. Currently available tests that evaluate gastric accommodation provide relevant physiological information, but they pose technical difficulties and their clinical impact remains controversial. Gastric barostat remains the gold standard, but it is an invasive procedure. In recent years, emerging modalities including ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to review reasonable measures that community radiologists can realistically implement as a response to the current increased public concern regarding CT radiation risk. CONCLUSION: Potential measures include provision of patient information material, review of CT protocols and indications, promotion of alternative studies, use ...

Although mammography is the mainstay of early breast cancer detection, it has known limitations, particularly in women with dense breasts. As a result, additional imaging modalities, including ultrasound and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, are also being used to supplement mammography in the early detection of occult breast cancer. This article ...

ABSTRACT: Functional magnetic resonance (MR) encompasses a spectrum of techniques that depict physiological and molecular processes before morphological changes are visible on conventional imaging. As understanding of the pathophysiological and biomolecular processes involved in breast malignancies evolves, newer functional MR techniques can be employed that define early predictive and surrogate ...

Breast cancer continues to be the most common malignant neoplasm in women in Spain. The radiological study of intrathoracic manifestations, often secondary to complications, is of great interest because intrathoracic manifestations have a high prevalence and diagnosing them early significantly improves the patient's prognosis. The imaging techniques in current use ...

Parapharyngeal metastasis is a rare event in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). The (131) I-single photon emission CT (SPECT)/CT allows better localization and definition for metastases in DTC. The aim of this study was to assess the value of (131) I-SPECT/CT for the diagnosis of parapharyngeal metastasis in patients with DTC. ...

Current debate on how to diagnose giant cell arteritis (GCA) has strayed from the traditional approach of temporal artery biopsy and has instead explored the effectiveness of alternative imaging modalities. We have reviewed the literature and pooled published results for temporal artery imaging including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Duplex ultrasound, ...

Current management of aortic aneurysms (AAs) relies primarily on size criteria to determine whether invasive repair is indicated to preempt rupture. We hypothesized that emerging molecular imaging tools could be used to more sensitively gauge local inflammation. Because macrophages are key effector cells that destabilize the extracellular matrix in the ...

We studied occupational physicians' (OPs) practices of referrals for imaging of workers occupationally exposed to lung/pleural carcinogens and the factors associated with them. This cross-sectional telephone survey of 379 OPs practicing in Southeastern France showed that 81% of them referred exposed patients for chest radiographs, 33.5% for computed tomography (CT), ...

Background and objective:  The management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is largely dependent on the extent of obstruction in the pulmonary arteries. Planar perfusion scans are commonly used to quantify perfusion defects in CTEPH patients. However, planar scans typically under-represent the extent of vascular obstruction in CTEPH. We conducted ...

The additional value of single photon emission computed tomography with CT (SPECT/CT) for detection and localization of sentinel nodes in patients with a melanoma of the head and neck was determined. Thirty-eight patients received conventional lymphoscintigraphy followed by hybrid SPECT/CT. The number of sentinel nodes visualized and anatomic information provided ...

Introduction. Gastrinoma should be suspected when the peptic ulcer(s) is postbulbar, multiple, refractory, or recurrent, or ulcer is associated with nephrolithiasis, hypocalcaemia, or erosive esophagitis. The majority of gastrinomas are malignant. Case Presentation. The patient is a 41-year-old Iranian man who has been in good health until 36 months ago ...

Some of the major interests in medical physics over the last few years have concerned the technical advances in Computed Tomography and high field Magnetic Resonance Imaging. This review discusses the introduction of Dual Source CT and explains how it can not only offer faster data acquisition but also operate ...

This study aimed to determine whether Tl-201 single photon emission CT (SPECT) is potentially useful in differentiating false-positive fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) findings caused by osteoradionecrosis (ORN) from recurrent head and neck cancer after radiotherapy. Five patients were recruited. Dual-phase FDG-PET and dual-phase Tl-201 SPECT were performed for each ...

To compare the results obtained by using numerical flow simulations with the results of combined single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) and to demonstrate the importance of correct boundary conditions for the numerical methods to account for the large amount of interpatient variability in airway geometry. ...

A new dual MRI/SPECT pH-responsive agent where the SPECT active moiety acts as reporter of the concentration making it possible to exploit the responsiveness of the MRI probe.

The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of Crohn's disease (CD) is expanding. The aim of this study is to define and provide an external validation of the MRI predictors of active CD, severe CD, and a quantitative Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity (MaRIA). In all, 48 patients ...

Holmes tremor (HT) is a combination of rest, postural and action tremor. A parallel dysfunction of cerebello-thalamic and nigrostriatal pathways seems necessary to produce this kind of tremor. We present the clinical and neuroimaging study verifying that hypothesis. A total of 10 patients: five male, five female, fulfilling consensus criteria ...

The American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF), along with key specialty and subspecialty societies, conducted an appropriate use review of common clinical scenarios where cardiac computed tomography (CCT) is frequently considered. The present document is an update to the original CCT/cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) appropriateness criteria published in 2006, written ...

Combining the functional data provided by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with the anatomical information provided by CT has been shown to improve overall diagnostic accuracy in many areas of nuclear medicine. Although planar lung scans have often relied on correlation with a chest x-ray to help optimize scan interpretation, ...

With the advent of single-photon emission computer tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), its applications and indications have to be evaluated clinically for a more efficient and cost-effective use in patient management. This retrospective study investigated the clinical value of conventional Tc MDP SPECT against SPECT/CT in diagnosing hip avascular necrosis (AVN). This ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vivo assay of folate receptors in nonfunctional pituitary adenomas using preoperative (99m)Tc-folate SPECT/CT and Western blot analysis (WBA) of surgical specimens as the standard. Fifty-six patients (29 men, 27 women; age range, 29-82 y) with clinically nonfunctional pituitary adenomas on ...

To evaluate the clinical utility of capromab pendetide imaging with single photon emission computed tomography coregistration with computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in primary prostate cancer (CaP) for pretreatment prognostic staging and localization of biologic target volumes (BTV) for individualized image-guided radiotherapy dose escalation (IGRT-DE). Patients consecutively presenting for primary radiotherapy (February ...

We hypothesized that bone SPECT combined with multiplanar reconstructed CT can identify and target the pain-inducing focus in the foot and can be used to successfully guide anaesthetic infiltrations. Therefore we prospectively investigated feasibility and predictive value of bone SPECT/CT for image guided diagnostic infiltrations in patients with chronic foot ...

SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is commonly used for comprehensive interpretation of metabolic PET FDG imaging in ischemic dysfunctional myocardium. We evaluated the difference in scan interpretation introduced by CT attenuation correction (CTAC) of SPECT MPI in patients undergoing viability characterization by (99m)Tc SPECT MPI/PET FDG. In 46 consecutive patients ...

Although 99m Technetium-sestamibi scintigraphy with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and, recently, hybrid SPECT/computed tomography (CT) have been claimed to be the preoperative methods of choice for parathyroid localization in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and concomitant nodular goiter (NG), they have never been compared in this setting. We aimed ...

To topographically localize the ictogenic zone within hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) and the symptomatogenic zone for gelastic seizure (GS), we analyzed data from both interictal and ictal single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Ictal SPECT was performed immediately after GS onset in 21 patients with HH (aged 2-36 years, mean 13.8 ...

We report a 24-year-old woman with corrosive poisoning who was subjected to pertechnetate scintigraphy to evaluate gastric injury. Fusion imaging (SPECT-CT) provided valuable information regarding viability of gastric mucosa, and it helped guide appropriate management.

Sequential Tc-99m hydroxymethylene-diphosphonate (HDP) 3-phase bone (BS) and In-111 leukocyte scanning (WBCS) have been frequently used to evaluate the diabetic foot, as nonosteomyelitis BS uptake is repeatedly observed and osteomyelitis (OM) in WBCS is often uncertain without BS correlation. Additionally, both modalities are limited in lesion localization because of low ...

The aim of this study was to validate attenuation correction (AC) using low-dose standard CT for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) on a novel ultra fast γ-camera with cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) detector technology. Sixty-six patients (body mass index ± SD, 27.2 ± 3.5 kg/m(2); range, 19.1-36.0 kg/m(2)) underwent a 1-d (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin adenosine ...

Radiation doses from coronary CT angiography have been scrutinized as a consequence of rising concern over cumulative lifetime radiation dose from diagnostic imaging and potential cancer risk. In response to this, the past 5 years have witnessed progressive refinements in CT technology and new dose reduction protocols, including electrocardiography-based tube ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of staging differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) before initial radioiodine therapy using diagnostic radioiodine-131 ((131)I) scintigraphy with SPECT/CT and to determine the additional value of SPECT/CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients (12 men and 36 women; age range, 17-82 years) ...

PURPOSE: The authors investigated the effects of iodinated contrast agents on the quantification of radioactivity obtained using a combined single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and high resolution 16 slice computed tomography (CT) scanner. METHODS: Two conditions were evaluated: Contrast media mixed with radioisotope and the contrast media, and the radioisotope ...

Lung perfusion impairment in patients with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) was evaluated by automated deep inspiratory breath-hold (DIBrH) perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)-CT fusion images. Participants were 14 patients with a single (N=6) or multiple nodular AVFs (N=8) diagnosed by contrast-enhanced CT scan and/or pulmonary angiography. After the injection ...

The objective of this study was to determine whether posttherapy (131)I SPECT/CT changed the need for additional cross-sectional imaging or modified the American Thyroid Association risk of recurrence classification. We performed planar imaging and SPECT/CT in a consecutive series of patients after (131)I therapy. METHODS: Planar imaging and SPECT/CT were ...

90Y microspheres are used for intra-arterial treatment of liver tumours. In the patient preparation, a hepatic angiogram is performed and all arteries that could transport microspheres from the targeted liver vasculature to extrahepatic organs are blocked. 99mTc-labelled macroaggregated albumin (MAA) is injected intra-arterially to simulate the treatment and whole-body scintigraphy ...

We evaluated cortical damages following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the acute phase with [(123)I] iomazenil (IMZ) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In all, 12 patients with cerebral contusion following TBI were recruited. All patients underwent IMZ SPECT within 1 week after TBI. To investigate the changes in distribution ...

We recently experienced a case of cerebral infarction incidentally found by whole body bone scintigraphy for the detection of bone metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. Additional bone SPECT and brain MR fusion images clearly demonstrated the wedge-shaped uptake of tracer corresponded to the abnormal intensity reflecting subacute cerebral infarction. Follow-up ...

The differentiation between gliomas, metastases and gliotic or inflammatory lesions by imaging techniques remains a challenge. Gliomas frequently exhibit increased uptake of radiolabelled amino acids and are thus amenable to PET or SPECT imaging. Recently, p-[123I]iodo-L-phenylalanine (IPA) was validated for the visualization of glioma by SPECT and received orphan drug ...

Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), a catheter-based liver-directed modality for treating primary and metastatic liver cancer, requires appropriate planning to maximize its therapeutic response and minimize its side effects. (99m)Tc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA) scanning should precede the therapy to detect any extrahepatic shunting to the lung or gastrointestinal tract. Our aim ...

Strong overexpression of glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors in human insulinoma provides an attractive target for imaging. The first clinical trials demonstrated that GLP-1 receptor SPECT/CT using [Lys(40)(Ahx [6-aminohexanoic acid]-DOTA-(111)In)NH(2)]-exendin-4 can localize hardly detectable insulinomas. However, [Lys(40)(Ahx-DOTA-(111)In)NH(2)]-exendin-4 imaging has drawbacks related to the use of (111)In in that it is costly ...