We describe an environmentally friendly, top-down approach to the synthesis of Au89Fe11 nanoparticles (NPs). The plasmonic response of the gold moiety and the magnetism of the iron moiety coexist in the Au89Fe11 nanoalloy with strong modification compared to single element NPs, revealing a non-linear surface plasmon resonance dependence on the ...

INTRODUCTION: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) cerebral microbleeds (CMB) arise from ferromagnetic haemosiderin iron assumed to derive from extravasation of erythrocytes. Light microscopy of ageing brain frequently reveals foci of haemosiderin from single crystalloids to larger, predominantly perivascular, aggregates. The pathological and radiological relationship between these findings is not resolved. METHODS: ...

We have found a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of iron adatoms on a surface of the prototypical three-dimensional topological insulator Bi2Se3 by using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements. The orbital magnetic moment of Fe is strongly enhanced at lower coverage, where angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy shows coexistence of non-trivial topological states at ...

A 2-month-old female goat was presented for depressed mental status and multifocal central neurologic signs 3 weeks after hot-iron disbudding. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings included a large intra axial mass in the left frontal lobe that was T2 hyperintense and T1 hypointense centrally with a contrast-enhancing peripheral capsule ...

PURPOSE: Screening for cardiac iron overload is generally done by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and demonstrated by a shortening of the myocardial T2* below 20ms at 1.5Tesla. This measurement was validated with a specific sequence and the CMRTools(®) calculation software (reference technique). The objective of this study was to validate ...

We present a case of bile duct adenoma that mimicked hepatic metastasis from gastric cancer. The adenoma exhibited prolonged enhancement on dynamic computed tomography, hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted imaging, and diminished uptake of superparamagnetic iron oxide and gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid on magnetic resonance imaging, resembling those of adenocarcinomas. Knowledge of the ...

In this study the laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was adopted to determine the distribution of inorganic elements-including Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, S, P, Pb, and Zn-in honeybees (Apis melifera L.). Two features are particularly noteworthy. First, it was found a significant amount of Fe located ...

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) maintain a chronic inflammation in cancers, which is associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to: (1) evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of the novel ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (USPIO) compound GEH121333; (2) assess whether GEH121333 can serve as a ...

Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum are the most frequent causative agents of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Approximately 200 million people in the world are infected with schistosomes. Diagnosis of schistosomiasis is often difficult. High percentages of low level infections are missed in routine fecal smear analysis and current diagnostic methodologies are ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to introduce synchrotron radiation X-ray phase computed tomography (SR-PCT) as a new method of visualizing ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) distribution into the brains of mice with neuroinflammation. PROCEDURES: The sensitivity of the technique was assessed by performing back-to-back SR-PCT and ...

Cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a means by which cells labeled ex vivo with a contrast agent can be detected and tracked over time in vivo. This technology provides a noninvasive method with which to assess cell-based therapies in vivo. Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines are a promising cancer immunotherapy, ...

Imaging plays an important role in diagnosis and management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although ultrasound is the main surveillance imaging tool for HCC, dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used primarily for diagnosis and staging of HCC. Recent advances in both CT and ...

Advances made in the field of nanotechnology have led to the development of nanomaterials having both potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Among them, superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have received exceptional attention. Over the past decade, various SPIOs with unique physicochemical and biological properties have been designed by modifying the ...

Magnetic iron oxide, maghemite (Fe2O3) nanoparticles with covalent surface-bound CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) can be triggered to release CO through heating in an alternating magnetic field. In the proof-of-concept study the rate of CO-release from [RuCl(CO3)(μ-DOPA)]@maghemite nanoparticles was doubled upon exposure to an external alternating magnetic field (31.7 kAm(-1), 247 kHz, ...

This study evaluates the robustness of a magnetic resonance (MR) fat quantification method to changes in R2* caused by an intravenous infusion of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) contrast agent. The R2* and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) were measured in liver and spine in 14 subjects using an investigational sequence ...

Cellular and molecular MRI trafficking studies using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) have greatly improved non-invasive investigations of disease progression and drug efficacy, but thus far, these studies have largely been restricted to qualitative assessment of hypo- or hyperintense areas near SPIO. In this work, SPIO quantification using inversion recovery balanced ...

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) show a great promise for a wide specter of bioapplications, due to their characteristic magnetic properties exhibited only in the presence of magnetic field. Their advantages in the fields of magnetic drug targeting and imaging are well established and their safety is assumed, since iron ...

Measuring iron content in the brain has important implications for a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), derived from magnetic resonance images, has been used to measure total iron content in vivo and in post mortem brain. In this paper, we show how magnetic susceptibility from QSM correlates ...

Intravenous transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) reduced ischemic brain injury. However, less cell homing to damaged sites limited its functions. In present study, we labeled EPCs with silica-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SiO4@SPIONs) and applied exterior magnetic field to guide SiO4@SPIONs-labeled EPCs (SiO4@SPIONs-EPCs) to the ischemic hemisphere of the ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of MRI detection of hypointensity areas (iron deposits) in the brain using a dedicated MRI technique in patients with ALS in establishing this sign as a potential surrogate biomarker that correlates with the severity of disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six ALS patients and 26 age-matched ...

OBJECTIVE: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) has been commonly used for follow-up imaging after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), but it is difficult to use on patients with renal insufficiency. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles, contrast medium for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that has been widely used for detection of the liver ...

PURPOSE: To develop a sentinel lymph node (SN) identification method using accurately synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), as an enhanced specific SN tracer in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in intact rodent and SN metastasis models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three sizes of MNPs were originally synthesized. We developed an experimental ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the ability of (18)F-FDG PET and iron contrast-enhanced MRI with a novel USPIO (P904) to assess change in plaque inflammation induced by atorvastatin and dietary change in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis using a combined PET/MR scanner. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Atherosclerotic ...

BACKGROUND: Circle contact lenses, also known as color contact lenses and big eye contact lenses, are a type of cosmetic contact lens. It is not generally known that a circle contact lens usually contains iron oxide and other metals, which means their use during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a ...

In this work, we report a monodisperse bifunctional nanoparticle system, MIO@SiO2 -RITC, as an MRI contrast agent [core, manganese iron oxide (MIO); shell, amorphous silica conjugated with rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC)]. It was prepared by thermal decomposition and modified microemulsion methods. The nanoparticles with varying iron to manganese ratios displayed ...

We studied nonheme iron in Parkinson's disease (PD) using clinically available MRI in 36 patients and 21 healthy volunteers. The subjects underwent thorough clinical investigation, including 3-T MRI. Quantitative R2* was able to reflect symptoms of PD. In addition, the clinically used susceptibility-weighted imaging differentiated between controls and patients, whereas ...

The physical and chemical properties of the nanoparticles influence their pharmacokinetics and ability to accumulate in tumors. In this paper we report a facile method to conjugate folic acid molecule to iron oxide nanoparticles to increase the specific uptake of these nanoparticles by the tumor, which will be useful in ...

Background and objectives: The thalamus exerts a pivotal role in pain processing and cortical excitability control, and migraine is characterized by repeated pain attacks and abnormal cortical habituation to excitatory stimuli. This work aimed at studying the microstructure of the thalamus in migraine patients using an innovative multiparametric approach at ...

In this radiologic-pathologic review of the cardiomyopathies, we present the pertinent imaging findings of diffuse myocardial diseases that are associated with ventricular dilatation, including ischemic cardiomyopathy, nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, cardiac sarcoidosis, and iron overload cardiomyopathy. Correlation of the key radiologic findings with gross and microscopic pathologic features is presented, to ...

We developed dual paclitaxel (PTX)/superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-loaded PLGA-based nanoparticles for a theranostic purpose. Nanoparticles presented a spherical morphology and a size of 240nm. The PTX and iron loading were 1.84±0.4 and 10.4±1.93mg/100mg respectively. Relaxometry studies and phantom MRI demonstrated their efficacy as T2 contrast agent. Significant cellular uptake by ...

A multifunctional pH-sensitive superparamagnetic iron-oxide (SPIO) nanocomposite system was developed for simultaneous tumor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and therapy. Small-size SPIO nanoparticles were chemically bonded with antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX) and biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) through pH-sensitive acylhydrazone linkages, resulting in the formation of SPIO nanocomposites with magnetic targeting and ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) particles to enhance MRI have been used to study neuroinflammation in vivo. Our purpose was to observe the USPIO-enhanced MR signal alterations in the primary ischemic lesion and ipsilateral substantia nigra after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to verify the subsequent sequelae ...

This work assesses the characteristics of magnetoliposomes of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC): cholesterol (Chol) loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) stabilized with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) and their capacity to enhance Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) contrast. Magnetoliposomes of SPC were used for comparative studies. IONPs and magnetoliposomes were characterized using Transmission ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the ability of inversion recovery ON-resonant water suppression (IRON) in conjunction with P904 (superparamagnetic nanoparticles which consisting of a maghemite core coated with a low-molecular-weight amino-alcohol derivative of glucose) to perform steady-state equilibrium phase MR angiography (MRA) over a wide dose range. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experiments were ...

OBJECTIVES: Iron cardiomyopathy remains the major cause of death in β-thalassaemia major. Excessive iron loading could lead to cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias. Reduced heart rate variability is associated with a higher risk of arrhythmia and sudden death after myocardial infarction and heart failure. Previous data have reported on reduced heart ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to test multimodal visibility (radiography, computed tomography [CT], and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) of microspheres for transarterial embolization in porcine kidneys. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Currently available embolization particles (microspheres) were modified. A dense x-ray material (barium sulfate) was added to create visibility for ...

The butanol-HCl spectrophotometric assay is widely used for quantifying extractable and insoluble condensed tannins (CT, syn. proanthocyanidins) in foods, feeds, and foliage of herbaceous and woody plants, but the method underestimates total CT content when applied directly to plant material. To improve CT quantitation, we tested various cosolvents with butanol-HCl ...

Metamaterials offer the prospect of new science and applications. They have been designed by shaping or changing the material of the individual meta-molecules to achieve properties not naturally attainable. Composite meta-molecules incorporating a magnetic component offer new opportunities. In this work we report on the interaction between a non-magnetic split ...

Iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents are reported to effectively improve magnetic resonance imaging of tissues and cells. In this work, cleaved iron oxide nanoparticles (CIONPs) were generated from hydrophobic FeO nanoparticles (HIONPs) by coating their surfaces with PEG-phospholipids, oxidizing them under water, and slowly removing the residual FeO phase ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: There are no accurate and reliable tools for diagnosis of early-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) or small metastatic lesions. It is also a challenge to differentiate PDA from focal mass-forming pancreatitis (FMP). There is controversy over the efficacy of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) in diagnosis of PDA. ...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols that are designed to be sensitive to iron typically take advantage of (1) iron effects on the relaxation of water protons and/or (2) iron-induced local magnetic field susceptibility changes. Increasing evidence sustains the notion that imaging iron in brain of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) ...

In manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI), the paramagnetic divalent ion of manganese (Mn(2+)) is injected into animals to generate tissue contrast, typically at much higher exposures than have been previously used in studies of Mn toxicity. Here we investigate the effect of these injections on the homeostasis of the transition ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with conventional chemical shift-based sequences with and without T2* correction for the evaluation of steatosis hepatitis (SH) in the presence of iron. METHODS: Thirty-one patients who underwent MRI and liver biopsy because of clinically suspected diffuse liver disease were retrospectively analysed. The signal ...

Transverse relaxation (T(2) ) mapping has many applications, including imaging of iron accumulation in grey matter. Using the typical multiecho spin-echo sequence with long echo trains, stimulated echo compensation can enable T(2) fitting under conditions of variable radio frequency homogeneity arising from slice profile and in-plane radio frequency variation. Substantial ...

Purpose:To investigate the relationship between iron staining and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging measurements in postmortem subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS).Materials and Methods:Institutional ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was obtained from the subjects and/or their families. Four MR imaging methods based on transverse relaxation (T2 weighting, R2 mapping, and ...

The present paper describes the preparation of tosyl-activated non-magnetic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) [P(HEMA-GMA)] microspheres by dispersion polymerization and tosyl-activated magnetic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) [P(HEMA-EDMA)] microspheres by multistep swelling polymerization method and precipitation of iron oxide inside the pores. These new approaches show that monodisperse microspheres, 2.3 μm, respectively 4.1 μm, ...

BACKGROUND: The hyperintense signal on T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra of the brain can be found in patients with liver cirrhosis. The abnormality has been considered resulting from the manganese (Mn) deposition caused by liver failure and portal-systemic shunting. However, similar finding may ...

Dual-modality contrast agents, such as radiolabeled nanoparticles, are promising candidates for a number of diagnostic applications, since they combine the advantages of two different imaging modalities, namely SPECT or PET imaging with MR imaging. The benefit of such a combination is to more accurately interpret disease and abnormalities in vivo, ...

Cellular therapies require methods for non-invasive visualization of transplanted cells. Micron-sized iron oxide particles (MPIOs) generate strong contrast in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and are therefore ideally suited as an intracellular contrast agent to image cells under clinical conditions. However, MPIOs were previously not applicable for clinical use. Here, we ...

To evaluate the suitability of citrate-coated very small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (VSOP) as a contrast agent for identifying inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). VSOP, which have already been evaluated as a blood pool contrast agent for MR angiography in human clinical trials, were investigated in ...