BACKGROUND: Due to the limited availability of suitable positron emission tomography (PET) tracers, the majority of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) scans is performed using SPECT rather than PET. AIM: The aim of this study is to design and synthesize carbon-11-labeled ammonium salt derivatives and explore their structure-activity relationship (SAR) and ...

Serial evaluations of tumour burden using imaging, mainly computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, form the basis for assessing treatment response in many clinical trials of anti-cancer therapeutics. Traditionally, these evaluations have been based on linear measurements of tumour size. Such measurements have limitations related to variability in technical factors, ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to verify the concordance of contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and MRI evaluation among four radiologists in detecting metastatic cervical lymph nodes of oral cancer patients. METHODS: Ten patients underwent clinical and imaging examinations (CECT and MRI). Four radiologists, two oral and maxillofacial radiologists (OMRs) ...

Case Description-An 18-month-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was evaluated because of left thoracic limb lameness. Clinical Findings-A firm mass was palpable in the left scapular region. On the basis of clinical signs; results of radiographic, ultrasonographic, and cytologic evaluations; and findings on magnetic resonance imaging, an aneurysmal bone cyst ...

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the efficacy of fusion imaging, which fuses contrast-enhanced ultrasonography images with arterial-phase, contrast-enhanced CT images as a reference on a single screen in real time, for the evaluation of the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation for treatment of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty hepatocellular carcinoma lesions ...

Imaging of complex congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in children is challenging. This article reviews the complementary role of high temporal and high spatial resolution magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic imaging techniques in evaluation of a patient with complex congenital cardiovascular disease and related postsurgical complications. A 4-year-old female patient with complex ...

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an invaluable tool to study brain development and in vivo metabolism of brain. MRS is a noninvasive method and also does not involve ionizing radiation. The spectral patterns obtained from MRS evaluation provide unique information about the neonatal brain in several disease processes including hypoxic-ischemic ...

Cryptorchidism (undescended testis) is the most common genitourinary anomaly in male infants. We reviewed the available literature on the diagnostic performance of ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in localizing undescended testes. Ultrasound is the most heavily used imaging modality to evaluate undescended testes. Ultrasound has variable ability ...

Bone tumors are uncommon clinical entities that are often a source of diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainty. Evaluating these lesions starts with a patient history and physical examination Imaging then begins with radiographs, followed by advanced imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or bone scan. Biopsy can be ...

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is superior to ultrasonography (US) for the evaluation and prognostication of neonates with neonatal encephalopathy (NE). Nonetheless, US may provide important information early in the course of NE and can be used to document the evolution of lesions. This article provides an overview of useful findings ...

(18)F labeled sodium fluoride is a positron-emitting, bone seeking agent with more favorable skeletal kinetics than conventional phosphate and diphosphonate compounds. With the expanding clinical usage of PET/CT, there is renewed interest in using (18)F-fluoride PET/CT for imaging bone diseases. Growing evidence indicates that (18)F fluoride PET/CT offers increased sensitivity, ...

We report a case of a 78-year-old man with a left apical lung mass suspected to be an adenocarcinoma previously evaluated by thorax computed tomography, who underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT as a staging study. It revealed the unexpected presence of 3 congenital kidneys, 1 on the left side and 2 ...

OBJECTIVE: MRI plays an important role in the morphologic and functional evaluation of pericardial diseases. MRI has the advantages of high spatiotemporal resolution, soft-tissue contrast, wide FOV, and multiplanar imaging capabilities, making it a valuable tool in the evaluation of pericardial disorders. In this article, the role of MRI in ...

Sonoelastography (SE) is a new USG-based technique that is being used to assess the elasticity and pliability of various tissues and lesions. We evaluated normal and abnormal Achilles tendons and correlated SE findings with those of high-resolution USG. This article briefly discusses the principle and technique of sonoelastography and the ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether single-voxel (1) H MRS could add useful information to conventional MRI in the preoperative characterisation of the type and grade of brain tumours. MRI and MRS examinations from a prospective cohort of 40 consecutive patients were analysed double blind by radiologists ...

OBJECT : Although, there is no global consensus on their measurement, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appears to be particularly attractive for the study of the sinuses of Valsalva (SV). The purpose of this study was to automatically evaluate the SV from cine-MRI using a standardized method. MATERIALS AND METHODS : ...

Oncolytic virotherapy poses unique challenges to the evaluation of tumor response. We hypothesized that the addition of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to standard computed tomography (CT) evaluation would improve diagnostic and prognostic power of the measurement of tumor response to oncolytic virotherapy. A Phase I/II trial was conducted to ...

An accurate assessment of body iron accumulation is essential for the diagnosis and therapy of iron overload in diseases such as thalassemia or hemochromatosis. Magnetic iron detector susceptometry and MRI are noninvasive techniques capable of detecting iron overload in the liver. Although the transverse relaxation rate measured by MRI can ...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in differentiating between minimal fat angiomyolipoma (MFAML) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Forty-one solid renal tumors without visible macroscopic fat on unenhanced computed tomography images were evaluated by MRI, including DW-MRI, and were ...

Cerebral fat embolism is a well-described complication associated with long-bone fracture. However, with contemporary imaging, there is a distinct magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pattern emerging. The authors describe a case and briefly review the proposed etiology, clinical and radiographic diagnosis, treatment and outcome of cerebral fat embolism. A 21-year-old male ...

This essay illustrates the usefulness of MRI in evaluating perianal fistulas, a common disease, notorious for recurrence if not assessed and treated adequately. MRI exquisitely depicts the perianal anatomy and shows the fistulous tracks and their associated ramifications and abscesses. It thus provides an excellent preoperative understanding of the disease, ...

PURPOSE: The contralateral kidney is abnormal in up to 25% of patients with multicystic dysplastic kidney. Traditionally, anatomical and functional evaluation of the contralateral kidney has been performed with ultrasound and dimercapto-succinic acid renal scintigraphy, as indicated. Recently magnetic resonance urography has been used to evaluate renal anatomy and function ...

The aim of this study is to evaluate organ doses in infant CT examinations with multi-detector row CT scanners. Radiation doses were measured with radiophotoluminescence glass dosemeters set in various organ positions within a 1-y-old child anthropomorphic phantom and organ doses were evaluated from the measurement values. Doses for tissues ...

Abstract Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneous-acquired magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-quality synchronized audio recording for evaluating velopharyngeal closure. Design: IRB approved case series. Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Patients: Three, healthy adult volunteers with normal speech pattern Interventions: MRI with simultaneous recorded audio files evaluating velopharyngeal closure. Main ...

BACKGROUND: CT imaging is widely used for response evaluation of immunotherapy in patients with advanced stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, this kind of treatment may not immediately be cytoreductive, although the treatment is successful. This poses new demands on imaging modalities. Positron emission tomography (PET) using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) proved ...

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to describe and characterize the implant-bone interface of femoral, tibial and patellar components after TKA using magnet resonance imaging (MRI). SCOPE: Fifty-five patients who underwent MRI modified to reduce artifacts after TKA were identified retrospectively from medical records. This included 27 TKA with ...

Identification of the structural lesions that underlie pediatric epilepsy can be challenging. Careful evaluation of the gray-white matter interface is crucial, and necessitates multiplanar thin images of high resolution that can differentiate focal lesions from partial volume averaging artifacts created by the innate gyral configuration. Careful evaluation of the hippocampus ...

Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), which allows the evaluation of glucose metabolism, is widely used for tumor diagnosis using positron emission tomography (PET). FDG-PET, which is used for the diagnosis of intrahepatic tumor lesions, shows high FDG accumulation in cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) and metastatic liver cancer. FDG-PET shows high FDG accumulation in moderately ...

Accurate delineation, diagnosis, and treatment planning of skull base lesions require knowledge of the complex anatomy of the skull base. Because the skull base cannot be directly evaluated, imaging is critical for the diagnosis and management of skull base diseases. Although computed tomography (CT) is excellent for outlining the bony ...

The peroral pneumocolon represents a time-honored but somewhat forgotten and underutilized technique for improved ileocecal evaluation at small bowel fluoroscopy. The peroral pneumocolon entails fluoroscopically guided gaseous insufflation per rectum following the arrival of barium at the cecum at conventional small bowel follow-through examination. In most cases, high-quality double contrast ...

Androgen-producing ovarian tumours can lead to assessment difficulties because of their small size. We present a case of virilising steroid cell ovarian tumour in a 41-year-old woman localised with Fluorine-18-Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography ((18)FDG-PET/CT). Although the biochemical evaluation pointed to an ovarian source of androgen, diagnostic attempts to localise ...

Kidney disease represents a leading cause of morbidity, with high healthcare costs. The existing methods used to evaluate renal function include measures of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), yet the clinical methods are generally inaccurate and poorly reproducible. A method that improves measures of renal function as part of a comprehensive ...

The interosseous membrane of the forearm is an important structure to consider in cases of elbow and forearm trauma; it can be injured after elbow or forearm fractures, leading to longitudinal forearm instability. Diagnosis of interosseous membrane injuries is challenging, and failure in diagnosis may result in poor clinical outcomes ...

Background Dual gradient-echo in-phase (IP) and opposed-phase (OP) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can evaluate small amounts of fat, and is widely used for imaging abdominal organs. Epicardial fat has recently been revealed as having an important role in the development of heart disease, but IPOP-MRI has not been widely applied ...

We report the use of F-DOPA PET/CT imaging in the evaluation of a teenager with marked hypertension and right pararenal, left adrenal and left para-aortic mass lesions. The use of the modality for this clinical application has not been described previously within the pediatric imaging literature. The value of this ...

Purpose: To prospectively compare 320-detector volumetric and 64-detector helical computed tomographic (CT) images of the pancreas for depiction of anatomic structures, image noise, and radiation exposure. Materials and Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board, and written informed consent was obtained. A total of 154 patients (85 ...

Extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb), a dietary supplement used for a number of conditions including dementia, has been suggested to increase cerebral bloodflow (CBF). The purpose of this study was to determine if changes in CBF could be detected by dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI)in elderly human subjects ...

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the development pattern in patients with multiple episodes of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and to analyze the computed tomography (CT) appearances of the pulmonary parenchymal injury and its relation to treatment response. CT patterns from 41 episodes of cGVHD (25 patients) were ...

A versatile nanoplatform based on magnetic glyconanoparticles (glyco-ferrites) to attach well-oriented antibodies is described. An efficient ligand exchange process has been used to prepare water-soluble 6-nm-sized core-shell Fe(3)O(4)@Au nanoparticles bearing amphiphilic carbohydrates and aliphatic ethylene glycol chains ended in a carboxyl group. The covalent immobilization through the carboxyl group of ...

OBJECTIVES:: To prospectively investigate whether the high-pitch mode (HPM) for computed tomography (CT) enables the diagnostic visualization of the lung parenchyma without suspended respiration. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: A total of 40 consecutive patients (age, 67 ± 11 years) underwent 128-slice dual-source CT of the chest including nonenhanced, arterial, and venous ...

The purpose of our study was to develop a simple and reproducible method for calculating post-operative acetabular cup position based upon computed tomographic images. Next, we sought to examine the reliability, objectivity and accuracy of this method. We developed a 3D CT evaluation software based upon Amira® (data visualisation, analysis ...

Neurological complications of cerebral angiography are usually embolic events resulting in stroke or seizure of vascular origin. Contrast media rarely induce neurological complications. Repeated seizures and prolonged motor weakness developed in a 26-year-old woman after cerebral angiography. Neurological deficits remained the next day with slow recovery. Repeat magnetic resonance imaging ...

SWI is a new technique for evaluating diffuse axonal injury associated with punctate hemorrhages. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of cerebral microhemorrhages in amateur boxers compared with nonboxers by using SWI and to evaluate the sensitivity of SWI compared with T2 FSE and T2*GE sequences. ...

By application of the MRI method of diffusional kurtosis imaging, a substantially increased diffusional kurtosis was observed within the cerebral ischemic lesions of three stroke subjects, 13-26 h following the onset of symptoms. This increase is interpreted as probably reflecting a higher degree of diffusional heterogeneity in the lesions when compared ...

Severe internal carotid artery stenosis can cause constriction of cerebral perfusion. Different techniques of measuring brain perfusion are currently available. Ultrasound perfusion imaging (UPI) can differentiate hypoperfused and nonperfused cerebral tissue. Aim of this study was to compare the value of UPI and perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (pw-MRI) in the ...

The prevalence of neurological diseases and cranial pathologies in sub-Saharan Africa remains a very little investigated field. This study aims at providing an imaging-based overview of cranial pathologies in two Tanzanian hospitals and at identifying possible differences in the spectrum of diseases between rural and urban African populations. At rural ...

Advanced cerebrovascular β-amyloid deposition (cerebral amyloid angiopathy, CAA) is associated with cerebral microbleeds, but the precise relationship between CAA burden and microbleeds is undefined. We used T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and noninvasive amyloid imaging with Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) to analyze the spatial relationship between CAA and microbleeds. On ...

OBJECT: Although cognitive impairment has been reported in adults with moyamoya disease (MMD), its relationship with cerebral hemodynamic disturbances has not been investigated. The aims of the present study were to confirm the presence of dysexecutive cognitive syndrome (DCS) in adults with MMD and to explore the relationship of DCS ...

In patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), ventriculomegaly and narrowed subarachnoid spaces at the high convexity appear in magnetic resonance (MR) images before the occurrence of objective symptoms. In addition, quantitative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) has been reported to be reduced in iNPH patients with objective symptoms. To ...

Magnetization transfer effects induced by repetitive saturation pulses employed in flow enhancement of signal intensity imaging sequences currently prevent quantitative, in vivo, cerebral perfusion studies. This study investigates the magnitude of these effects and introduces a post-processing correction protocol. The study shows that the magnetization transfer effect is consistent across ...