As a healthy volunteer for amyloid imaging study, a 83-year-old woman with no history of neurologic or psychiatric illness underwent carbon 11-labeled Pittsburgh compound-B (PIB) PET, which showed focal increased PIB binding in the right anterior temporal region. This focal PIB uptake turned out to be a mass lesion on ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) cases in Quebec and Europe was reported to show linear hypointensities in T2-weighted and Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) images of the pons. We attempted to clarify the characteristics of the brain MRI findings in ...

Primary pyogenic abscess in the conus medullaris in a healthy adult has never been reported. An urgent MRI scan with contrast and prompt surgical evacuation may lead to good neurological recovery.

Abstract Objective To explore the imaging characterization of neurological complications associated with the enterovirus 71 epidemics. Methods 35 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease with neurological complications during the recent EV71 outbreaks of Hainan province China from May 2008 to September 2010 were collected. All patients were performed MRI scan. The clinical ...

Human tail refers to a congenital cutaneous appendix protruding from the lumbosacral region. It is usually associated with an underlying spina bifida occulta, a form of spinal dysraphism. A contiguous fibrolipoma can sometimes be seen extending from the subcutaneous portion of the tail into the inferior spinal cord, resulting in ...

A previously healthy 10-year-old girl presented with subacute onset of ataxia and acute-onset cardiac and pulmonary failure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed symmetric T2fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensities in the dorsal pons, medulla, and inferior cerebellar peduncles; nerve conduction velocities and electromyography demonstrated a sensorimotor axonal neuropathy consistent ...

Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD) is a rare cerebellar disorder characterized by diffuse or focal enlargement of cerebellar folia. Clinical manifestations are usually related to a mass effect and secondary obstructive hydrocephalus. Increased intracranial pressure symptoms and cerebellar symptoms are the most frequent patient complaints. We describe the case of a patient ...

Colpocephaly is an abnormal enlargement of the occipital horns, i.e., the posterior or rear portions of the lateral ventricles of the brain, and is associated with several other brain abnormalities. Colpocephaly is occasionally misdiagnosed as hydrocephalus, and various etiologies have been postulated, including genetic disorders and errors of morphogenesis. Meanwhile, ...

: The aim of this study was to assess the utility of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the investigation of patients with suspected paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome (PNS). : We reviewed the whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT studies (ordered by the neurology department) performed at our hospital between December 2005 and ...

BACKGROUND: Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) describes a single, first-occurrence attack caused by inflammation/demyelination in 1 or more locations in the central nervous system. The optic nerve is a frequent site affected by this neurologic event. As the name implies, CIS is an isolated condition but is often considered a precursor ...

An 82-year-old man was suspected to have experienced a transient ischemic attack since he developed transient weakness in the right upper limb twice. On admission, neurologic examination yielded normal findings except for mild cognitive impairment. Brain CT and images showed an unexpected finding of acute focal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the ...

Epilepsy is an important disease with a cumulative incidence of 3% all over the life and more than half of them are started from childhood. In this study we surveyed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in epileptic children and its relation with clinical and demographic findings in order to find ...

Coaxial tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are so much part of neurological investigation these days and provide such detailed information that even thorough neurological clinical examination may be neglected. The investigations in common use forty years ago were pneumoencephalography, ventriculography in babies with hydrocephalus, and carotid angiography ...

Study design:Case report.Objective:To describe the clinical benefit of a spinal cordectomy with the aim of limiting neurological deterioration related to the development of a subacute posttraumatic ascending myelopathy (SPAM) supporting previously described mechanism for SPAM formation.Setting:National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, UK.Method and results:A 38-year old patient presented 6 ...

Cervical myelomeningocele (MMC) is an uncommon congenital malformation of the spinal cord and accounts for a small proportion of neural tube defects. These lesions mostly occur in the dorsal part of the body. Only a single case of an anterior cervical MMC has been previously reported. The authors report a ...

We report the cases of three children, one male and two females, with a diagnosis of early infantile Krabbe disease demonstrating intracranial calcification on computed tomography (CT). The pattern of calcification was similar in all individuals and involved the internal capsule and cerebral white matter. The presence of calcification caused ...

This study aims to develop and characterize the trafficking of a dual-modal agent that identifies primary draining or sentinel lymph node (LN). Herein, a dual-reporting silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticle (SCION) is developed. Nude mice were imaged by magnetic resonance (MR) and optical imaging and axillary LNs were harvested for histological ...

Cavernous haemangiomas (CH) are relatively uncommon non-shunting vascular malformations of the central nervous system and can present with seizures or with neurological deficits due to haemorrhage. Radiologists can often suggest the diagnosis of CH based on characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, thus avoiding further invasive procedures such as digital ...

A nine-year-old male, neutered, pug was presented for investigation of progressive ambulatory paraparesis and pelvic limb ataxia of three months' duration. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of caudal thoracic syringohydromyelia with an adjacent intradural arachnoid cyst. The cyst was marsupialised following dorsal laminectomy. Neurological status had improved 10 weeks following ...

Acute subdural haematoma (ASDH) constitutes one of the most critical emergencies in neurosurgery. There are only several reports that show the rapid disappearance of ASDH without surgical intervention. We report a case of a 64-year-old alcoholic man who had a traumatic subdural haematoma after a fall from a height of ...

AIM: To assess the efficacy of a primary-care imaging pathway for neurology outpatients, from inception to deployment, compared with traditional outpatient referral. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After local agreement, guidelines were generated providing pathways for diagnosis and treatment of common causes of headache, highlighting "red-flag" features requiring urgent neurology referral, and ...

Striatal hypermetabolism on 18FDG-PET scan is a neuroradiological finding that has been described in association with autoimmune disorders such as Sydenham chorea, lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome. Here, we report three patients with non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis characterized by 18FDG-PET hypermetabolism of both striata, in contrast with diffuse hypometabolism in the rest ...

INTRODUCTION:: Vertigo is a very common symptom at otorhinolaryngology (ENT), neurological, and emergency units, but often, it is difficult to distinguish between vertigo of peripheral and central origin. PATIENTS AND METHODS:: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a hospital database, including all patients admitted to the ENT University Hospital Graz ...

BACKGROUND: Early secondary neurologic deterioration after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may have many causes including rebleeding, hydrocephalus, parenchymal hematoma, or seizures. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 69-year-old woman presented with thunderclap headache and nausea. A head computed tomography (CT) showed SAH. On initial evaluation she was awake, alert, and confused ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Pure akinesia (PA) is a distinct form of parkinsonism characterized by freezing phenomena. Little is known about brain tumor-associated PA. We highlight the clinicoradiological changes in a patient with PA and central nervous system (CNS) metastases of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL). CASE PRESENTATION: A 68-year-old man with stage ...

This is the case report of a 61-year-old woman who presented with progressive diplopia and ataxia. Her cerebrospinal fluid revealed high titers of anti-Yo (PCA-1) antibody and a magnetic resonance imaging with contrast showed cerebellar degeneration. Extensive imaging workup was negative for malignancy and she was otherwise asymptomatic. Given the ...

Various signs on routine brain MRI can help differentiate between Parkinson's disease (PD) and the various forms of atypical parkinsonism (AP). Here, we evaluate what routine brain MRI contributes to the clinical diagnosis, in both early and advanced disease stages. We performed a prospective observational study in 113 patients with ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The presence of low-density areas on CT is used in clinical decision-making regarding treatment of angiographic vasospasm as well as in research as a surrogate marker for severity of angiographic vasospasm. We assess the interobserver variability in attributing hypodensities on CT to angiographic vasospasm-related delayed ischemic neurological ...

OBJECTIVES: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in children with diarrhoea associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome (D+HUS) and cerebral involvement was evaluated retrospectively. METHODS: DWI within 24 h of onset of neurological symptoms. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was measured in grey/white matter and correlated with clinical and laboratory findings. RESULTS: DWI was abnormal in ...

Autoimmune limbic encephalitis is an increasingly recognised cause of cognitive decline and confusion. The typical presentation is with subacute cognitive decline, behavioural disturbance and seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging may show characteristic changes in the medial temporal regions. The diagnosis is confirmed by identification of elevated voltage-gated potassium channel antibody (VGKC-Ab) ...

To review the clinical features and current understanding of spina bifida with an emphasis on the Indian Scenario. Selected articles and current English language texts were reviewed. The authors experience was also reviewed and analysed. Spina bifida is a common congenital anomaly encompassing a wide spectrum of neural tube defects.It ...

Tc-99m ethyl cysteinate diethylester (ECD) and Tc-99m hexamethyl propylene amine oxime (HMPAO) are commonly used for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies of a variety of neurologic disorders. Although these tracers have been very helpful in diagnosing and guiding treatment of neurologic disease, data describing the distribution and laterality of ...

Objective  To describe a case of intracranial meningioma causing visual impairment in a cat, successfully treated by surgery. Procedures  An adult neutered male domestic cat was referred with a 10-month history of progressive visual impairment and altered behavior. Investigations included physical, ophthalmologic and neurological examinations as well as hematology, serum ...

Aim  Diffuse white matter injury is not well detected by cranial ultrasonography (CUS). The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to assess in very preterm neonates the predictive values of individual CUS abnormalities for white matter injury on MRI and neurological outcome; (2) to develop a strategy optimizing CUS ...

Children with altered mental status who present to the emergency department have a broad differential diagnosis. We report a case of a 19-month-old girl who presented in coma and who was later found to have a fentanyl patch adhered to her back. She was found to have changes on brain ...

We report a case of tumefactive demyelinating lesion (TDL) diagnosed using (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 7-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with complaints of sleepiness and clumsiness of the right limbs. Neurological examination showed somnolence, right-sided apraxia, and hemiparesis with enhanced tendon ...

Transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder (TCCUB) usually presents with hematuria. Cerebral and leptomeningeal metastases as a first manifestation of TCCUB have been occasionally reported in the medical literature. Hence, we report a case of an elderly man who presented with localizing neurological signs and whose magnetic resonance imaging brain ...

We present the case of a patient with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis who developed abnormal white matter lesions during the chronic phases of the infection. A 2-year-old-boy was admitted for a 2 day history of decreased activity with ataxic gait. The results of the physical examination were unremarkable except for ...

A cavernoma is a vascular malformation in the central nervous system. Brainstem cavernoma are relatively common and induce variable neurological symptoms. A 19-year-old woman visited our hospital with complaints of continuous dizziness. On a neurological examination, continuous conjugated upbeat nystagmus was observed in the primary position of gaze. A brain ...

Muscle volume measurements are essential for an array of diseases ranging from peripheral arterial disease, muscular dystrophies, neurological conditions to sport injuries and aging. In the clinical setting, muscle volume is not routinely measured due to the lack of standardized ways for its repeatable quantification. In this paper, we present ...

A 55-year-old immunocompetent man presented with headache, nausea, progressive bilateral upper lid ptosis, and diplopia. Examination showed bilateral asymmetric upper lid ptosis with limited adduction and elevation of both eyes. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed enhancing intra-axial and extra-axial midbrain lesions. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid were positive for cryptococcal antigen ...

BACKGROUND:: The value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of the obtunded or comatose patient with a potential neck injury is a controversial subject. Some authors have suggested that MRI of the cervical spine adds no value in the evaluation of patients with a normal computed tomography (CT) ...

Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) is a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder caused by impaired cellular functions in processing and transporting low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. In this report, we present magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectrography (MRS) and 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) imaging results for a 22-year-old male NPC ...

Deferiprone was shown to reverse iron deposition in Friedreich's ataxia. This multi-center, unblinded, single-arm pilot study evaluated safety and efficacy of deferiprone for reducing cerebral iron accumulation in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Four patients with genetically-confirmed pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration, and two with parkinsonism and focal dystonia, but inconclusive genetic ...

HIV infection results in a highly prevalent syndrome of cognitive and motor disorders designated as HIV-associated dementia (HAD). Neurologic dysfunction resembling HAD has been documented in cats infected with strain PPR of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), whereas another highly pathogenic strain (C36) has not been known to cause neurologic ...

BACKGROUND: Atherothrombotic ischemia is the most frequent cause of cerebral ischemia; however, few reports have addressed the prognostic factors predicting early neurological deterioration (END) when the occlusive lesion is limited to the anterior main trunk, middle cerebral artery (MCA) or internal cerebral artery (ICA). METHOD: Between 2006 and 2008, 122 ...

Epidermoid tumors are rare, benign congenital lesions which typically present between the third and fifth decades of life. They are thought to originate from ectodermal cells misplaced during neural tube formation and separation. While epidermoids may present anywhere in the cranial vault, they are characteristically located intradurally and in a ...

A 75-year-old Taiwanese man suffered from acute onset of right-sided extremity weakness while talking to his neighbors. He was transferred to the hospital within three-hour time after symptom onset. Initial acute ischemic cerebral infarct was diagnosed based on his symptom and cerebral computed tomography. Thrombolytic therapy was held after his ...

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a particular abnormality of blood vessels. Brain AVMs are congenital, but symptoms usually do not appear until the second decade of life - if at all. The most common presenting symptom is a brain hemorrhage, but other possible symptoms include neurological deficits, seizures and headaches. ...

Over 75,000 patients have undergone deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures worldwide. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important clinical and research tool in analyzing electrode location, documenting postoperative complications, and investigating novel symptoms in DBS patients. Functional MRI may shed light on the mechanism of action of DBS. MRI safety ...