Context:Identification of unilateral aldosterone-producing (Conn's) adenomas has traditionally required lateralization by the invasive and technically difficult procedure of adrenal vein sampling (AVS). (11)C-metomidate, a potent inhibitor of adrenal steroidogenic enzymes, is a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer that is selectively accumulated by Conn's adenomas.Objective:The objective of the study was to ...

OBJECTIVE:In boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), (1)H MRI suggested muscular edema before fatty degeneration. Using specific (23)Na MRI sequences, we tested the hypothesis that the edema is caused by an osmotic effect due to increased myoplasmic Na(+) content rather than inflammation that would lead to extracellular edema. METHODS:Eleven patients ...

PURPOSE: Several techniques used to measure ulnar variance on a posteroanterior wrist radiograph have been described. It remains unclear whether they accurately represent the true ulnar variance of the patient. The purpose of this study was to correlate ulnar variance measurements on plain radiographs, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging ...

INTRODUCTION: The soleus perforator flap is a soft tissue flap with minimal donor site morbidity however is not frequently utilised due to the unpredictability of the perforating vessel to serve as the vascular pedicle. We have trialed the use of CT-angiography as a planning tool to predict location, length, course, ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: 18F-FDG PET/CT is widely utilized in the management of cancer patients. The aim of this paper was to comprehensively describe the specific methodology utilized in our single-institution cumulative retrospective experience with a multimodal imaging and detection approach to 18F-FDG-directed surgery for known/suspected malignancies. METHODS: From June 2005-June 2010, ...

Purpose:To evaluate thromboembolic risk factors for pulmonary embolism (PE) detected by using computed tomographic (CT) pulmonary angiography in children and to determine whether such information could be used for more appropriate use of CT pulmonary angiography in this patient population.Materials and Methods:The institutional review board approved this HIPAA-compliant retrospective study ...

Purpose:To retrospectively assess feasibility of dual-source dual-energy (DSDE) computed tomography (CT) for evaluation of hepatic iron accumulation in a liver phantom and liver transplantation candidates and to compare its accuracy with that of 3-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.Materials and Methods:This study was approved by the institutional review board; informed consent ...

BACKGROUND: Public objection to autopsy has led to a search for minimally invasive alternatives. Imaging has potential, but its accuracy is unknown. We aimed to identify the accuracy of post-mortem CT and MRI compared with full autopsy in a large series of adult deaths. METHODS: This study was undertaken at ...

PURPOSE: To report the imaging appearances of mass-like extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH), to identify those features that are sufficiently characteristic to allow a confident diagnosis, and to recognize the clinical conditions associated with EMH and the relative incidence of mass-like disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively identified 44 patients with EMH; ...

BACKGROUND: Limitations to the coronary calcium score include its requirement for noncontrast imaging and radiation exposure that approaches current methods for contrast-enhanced CT angiography. OBJECTIVES: We sought to derive and validate a method of measuring the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) from standard contrast-enhanced CT, obviating the need for a ...

This study investigated three-dimensional (3D) texture as a possible diagnostic marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained from 17 AD patients and 17 age and gender-matched healthy controls. 3D texture features were extracted from the circular 3D ROIs placed using a semi-automated technique in the hippocampus ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To improve intra- and interobserver variability and enable the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for multicenter, multiobserver studies, we generated a semiautomated segmentation method for hyperpolarized helium-3 ((3)He) MRI. Therefore the objective of this study was to compare the reproducibility and spatial agreement of manual ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT in detecting recurrent disease in posttherapy patients of uterine sarcoma and compare the same with conventional imaging (CI). METHODS: A total of 15 FDG PET-CT studies were acquired in 12 posttherapy uterine sarcoma patients. ...

Pleural space masses and nodules are rarely described on computed tomography (CT) in veterinary medicine and have only been described in patients with neoplasia. Our purpose was to describe the CT findings and diagnoses in seven patients with pleural masses and nodules. Two patients had broad-based, plaque-like pleural masses, both ...

A prospective case control study was conducted in a tertiary care Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) to evaluate the use of Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) for detection of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in children. Subjects 0-14 years of age who had a Computerized Axial Tomography (CT) of the head performed as ...

OBJECTIVE: This study clarified whether unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an alternative to contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for aortoiliac arterial measurement before endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). METHODS: The institutional review board approved this prospective study. Twenty patients being considered for EVAR underwent MRI using a steady-state free-precession ...

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of 68-Gallium-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10 tetraacetic acid-1-Nal3-Octreotide ((68)Ga DOTA-NOC) positron emission tomography CT (PET-CT) in carotid body chemodectomas (CBCs).Methods: 5 patients with known CBCs (conventional imaging and angiography) were evaluated retrospectively (3 male, 2 female; mean age 36.6 years). All underwent ...

PURPOSE: Occipitocervical fusion is required when the occipitoatlantal joint is unstable. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of imaging in the pre- and postoperative evaluation of posterior occipitocervical fusion (POCF), focusing on contoured loop fixation by Hartshill and Songer instrumentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 21 ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to describe the imaging features of central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in non-HIV-positive children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective descriptive evaluation was conducted on imaging studies obtained from ten children admitted to our ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies have investigated plaque morphology to determine patients who are at high risk of carotid atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated whether a difference in dynamic enhancement pattern in plaque components could be useful to assess plaque stability with multidetector CT angiography. METHODS: Fifty-nine lesions with ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The purpose of radiosurgery of bAVMs is complete angiographic obliteration of its nidus. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of 1.5T T2-weighted MR imaging and TOF-MRA images for detecting nidus obliteration after radiosurgery.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The pre- and postradiosurgery MR images and DSA images from 120 patients who were radiosurgically ...

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of pseudo-responses after bevacizumab treatment is difficult. Because diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is associated with cell density, it may facilitate the differentiation between true- and pseudo-responses. Furthermore, as high b-value DWI is even more sensitive to diffusion, it has been reported to be diagnostically useful in various clinical ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the value of perfusion computed tomography (CT-p) in the quantitative assessment of tumour-related neoangiogenesis processes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two biopsy proven HCC lesions were examined with dynamic CT investigations during injection of 50 mL of contrast agent (350 mgI/mL). A dedicated perfusion software ...

The expansion and increasing availability of computed tomography (CT) imaging means that there is a greater need for the development of efficient optimisation strategies that are able to inform clinical practice, without placing a significant burden on limited departmental resources. One of the most fundamental aspects to any optimisation programme ...

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the feasibility of screening mucosal recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma with narrow-band imaging (NBI) endoscopy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: One hundred and six patients were enrolled. All patients underwent conventional white-light (WL) endoscopic examination of the nasopharynx followed by NBI endoscopy. Biopsies were performed if recurrence was suspected. RESULTS: ...

BACKGROUND: Functional outcome in surgical treatment of Neer three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures (PHF) varies greatly and depends on multiple parameters. Important parameters are the amount and direction of displacement and the necessary reduction of fragments during surgery. These are patient-specific parameters and are difficult to determine using traditional ...

We compared the ability of arterial spin labeling (ASL), an MRI method that measures cerebral blood flow (CBF), to that of FDG-PET in distinguishing patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) from healthy, age-matched controls. Fifteen patients with AD (mean age 72 ± 6 years, Mini-Mental State Examination score [MMSE] 20 ± ...

The aim of this study was to confirm the feasibility of high signal on three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (3D FLAIR MRI) as one of the prognostic factors in recovery of sudden idiopathic hearing loss. A retrospective study was conducted using patients who were diagnosed with unilateral sudden ...

The recently released Biograph mMR is the first commercially available integrated whole-body PET/MR scanner. There are considerable advantages to integrating both modalities in a single scanner that enables truly simultaneous acquisition. However, there are also concerns about the possible degradation of both PET and MR performance in an integrated system. ...

Purpose:To determine whether histogram analysis of diffusion-tensor (DT) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging metrics, including tensor shape measurements, can help determine the grades and subtypes of meningiomas.Materials and Methods:The institutional review board approved this HIPAA-compliant study. Nine atypical, three anaplastic, and 39 typical meningiomas were retrospectively studied. The 39 typical meningiomas ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We report a patient with abnormal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography of the corticospinal tract caused by mass effect from adjacent enlarged Virchow-Robin spaces. METHODS: DTI was performed using 25 noncollinear directions. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps were generated. Region-of-interest measurements of the ...

BACKGROUND: Net cellular uptake of (18)F-FDG is adversely affected by elevated plasma glucose levels. The purpose of our study was to investigate the influence of hyperglycemic state at the time of (18)F-FDG injection on the diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET/CT. METHOD: Pre-scan plasma glucose levels of all patients who were ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the evolution of unidentified bright objects (UBOs) in individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) by serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to relate this to regional fractional anisotropy (FA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The signal pattern of the T2-weighted sequences in the basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and ...

Introduction:  Surgical resection remains the only potentially curative treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CLM). However, involvement of both the hepatic lobes or extrahepatic disease (EHD) can be a contra-indication for resection. The aim of the present study was to examine the addition of combined positron emission and computed tomography (PET/CT) ...

Microdialysis can be used in parallel to deep brain stimulation (DBS) to relate biochemical changes to the clinical outcome. The aim of the study was to use the finite element method to predict the tissue volume of influence (TVI(max)) and its cross-sectional radius (r (TVImax)) when using brain microdialysis, and ...

This article investigates methods for the accurate and robust differentiation of metastases from glioblastomas on the basis of single-voxel (1) H MRS information. Single-voxel (1) H MR spectra from a total of 109 patients (78 glioblastomas and 31 metastases) from the multicenter, international INTERPRET database, plus a test set of ...

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) is a commonly used noninvasive procedure for prostate cancer (PCa) staging. All previous studies addressing the ability of CT scan to predict lymph node invasion (LNI) were based on historical patients treated with limited pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND). OBJECTIVE: Assess the value of CT in ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of computerized tomography (CT)-scan for ascertaining sacroiliitis in patients with suspected spondyloarthritis (SpA). METHODS: The ECHOSPA French cohort consists of 489 patients with suspected SpA. At baseline, all were submitted to clinical examination, HLA-B typing, and pelvic radiograph. Pelvic CT-scan was performed if sacroiliitis on ...

BACKGROUND: In the past, sporadic demonstrations of the existence of a subarachnoid subdiaphragmatic cistern have been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of the subdiaphragmatic cistern of the pituitary gland. METHODS: After a complete review of the literature published on the topic, we report ...

Introduction: Severe abdominal sepsis and septic shock are common problems in intensive care units (ICUs), and carry high mortality. The purpose of this economic analysis was to determine the cost-effectiveness of polymyxin B immobilized fiber column (PMX-F) plus conventional therapy (CT) (PMX-F-CT) versus CT alone for patients with severe sepsis/septic ...

BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional imaging techniques, including ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are increasingly used for evaluation of Crohn's disease (CD). AIM: To review the accuracy of cross-sectional imaging indexes for measurement of disease activity and severity in patients with CD, and to evaluate its applicability on ...

Patient safety has become an important issue due to medical errors. Some health care systems use Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to identify patients during medical procedures. However, the RFID data readability especially depends upon the environment, an investigation of data reliability and signal loss is essential to making an effective ...

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review and meta-analyse literature data on the diagnostic performance of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with Ewing sarcoma family tumours (ESFT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases were searched for articles that evaluated FDG-PET and PET/CT ...

Biomarkers are useful in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Recently, mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) has shown potential prognostic utility. We sought to determine whether this prognostic role depends on different causes of CAP.We conducted a prospective cohort study of immunocompetent patients with CAP. PSI and CURB65 severity scores, blood C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the patient demographic and CT imaging findings of primary osteosarcoma of the jaws. METHODS: 88 primary osteosarcomas of the jaws histopathologically diagnosed during 1997-2007 were reviewed. 21 cases of CT images were reviewed. RESULTS: Of 88 patients, 51 (58%) had tumours ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of Stafne bone defect (SBD) and to describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of detected cases. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs from 34 221 patients undergoing dental treatment in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of needle biopsy in the early diagnosis of sacroiliitis in order to improve the diagnostic level and outcome of ankylosing spondylitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred nine patients highly suspected to have early ankylosing spondylitis, but with a radiograph/CT sacroiliitis < grade II, were recruited. ...

PURPOSE: To compare 2 methods used to determine the disk position based on sagittal magnetic resonance images. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study of patients with the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders was conducted. The patients' ages and gender distributions were collected. The disk position diagnosis from the clinical ...

PURPOSE: Typically, (18)F-FDG PET/CT and (18)F-NaF PET/CT scans are done as two separate studies on different days to allow sufficient time for the radiopharmaceutical from the first study to decay. This is inconvenient for the patients and exposes them to two doses of radiation from the CT component of the ...

OBJECTIVE:: The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability, feasibility, and image quality of a limited, fast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol for preoperative evaluation of pectus excavatum in a pediatric population referred for presurgical imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: A total of 47 patients, median age 14 years, ...