BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:KD, also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is often mimicked by TL, especially when KD is accompanied by gross necrosis on CT. We analyzed the nodal necrosis patterns on CT in patients with KD and TL to identify the predictive features that differentiate these 2 entities.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Diagnosis of AS and periaqueductal abnormalities by routine MR imaging sequences is challenging for neuroradiologists. The aim of our study was to evaluate the utility of the 3D-SPACE sequence with VFAM in patients with suspected AS.MATERIALS AND METHODS:PC-MRI and 3D-SPACE images were obtained in 21 patients who had ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Most imaging techniques used for the evaluation of obstructive epiphora, such as DS DCG, rely on undesired ionizing radiation. We evaluated the efficacy of topical contrast-enhanced MR DCG in comparison with DS DCG in patients with obstructive epiphora who underwent balloon DCG or stent placement.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Thirty-six LDSs ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:TDLs may be indistinguishable from high-grade gliomas on conventional MR imaging. The role of DTI in differentiating TDLs from high-grade gliomas is not clear, and quantitative comparison between the 2 has not been reported. Here we aimed to differentiate TDLs from high-grade gliomas by using DTI.MATERIALS AND METHODS:DTI ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Previous studies have shown the feasibility of assessing qualitative CBV measurements in the angiography suite by using FPD-CBCT systems. We have investigated the correlation of FPD-CBCT CBV lesion volumes to the infarct volume.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Unilateral strokes were created in 7 adult dogs. MR imaging and FPD-CBCT data were ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Tracheotomy is a commonly performed procedure; however, in the obese, it can be associated with a high morbidity and mortality, partially due to accidental decannulation. We hypothesize that a simple and rapid measurement of the DPST on CT will accurately predict those patients in need of an extended-length ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:DTI is increasingly being used as a measure to study tissue damage in several neurologic diseases. Our aim was to investigate the comparability of DTI measures between different MR imaging magnets and platforms.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Two healthy volunteers underwent DTI on five 3T MR imaging scanners (3 Trios and ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of dual-source parallel RF excitation (TX) for diffusion-weighted whole-body MRI with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) at 3.0T. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty consecutive patients were examined on a clinical 3.0-T MRI system using a diffusion-weighted (DW) spin-echo echo-planar imaging sequence with a combination of short ...

AIM: To describe the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of orbital mesenchymal chondrosarcomas (MCSs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six patients with histology-confirmed MCSs of the orbit were retrospectively reviewed. All six patients underwent CT and MRI. Imaging studies were evaluated for the following: (a) tumour location, (b) ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is differently defined according to imaging or clinical criteria. In adults information on the relationship between imaging and clinical data is lacking. Our study was aimed at analysing the relationship between the clinical and imaging presentation of APN, defined according to imaging criteria (parenchymal involvement ...

INTRODUCTION: MR-based differentiation between low- and high-grade gliomas is predominately based on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images (CE-T1w). However, functional MR sequences as perfusion- and diffusion-weighted sequences can provide additional information on tumor grade. Here, we tested the potential of a recently developed similarity search based method that integrates information of CE-T1w ...

PURPOSE: To describe a new MRI sign, the liver-vessel cancellation artifact, on In-Phase and Out-of-Phase gradient-echo sequences related to ultra-high liver fat content (>90%) by qualitative histology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective HIPAA-compliant study with waived informed consent. Patients with liver steatosis were ...

Increased sensitivity in the characterization of cartilage matrix status by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, through the identification of surrogate markers for tissue quality, would be of great use in the noninvasive evaluation of engineered cartilage. Recent advances in MR evaluation of cartilage include multiexponential and multiparameteric analysis, which we now ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Three-dimensional (3D) velocity-encoded cine (VEC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to quantify 3D hemodynamic aspects known from computational fluid dynamics and to be used to identify hemodynamic risk factors for complications of endovascular aortic repair. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact ...

OBJECTIVE: Due to the high signal intensity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), proton density-weighted (PD-w) images with long repeat times (TR) may be less able to detect periventricular lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, we have found good detectability of MS lesions with PD-w using long TR at 3Tesla ...

PURPOSE: Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is defined as a decrease in renal function following administration of contrast media. The aim of this meta-analysis was to asses the overall risk of CIN, chronic loss of kidney function and the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) after intravenous contrast enhanced CT-scan. Secondly, ...

BACKGROUND: Current imaging techniques are of limited value for lymph node (LN) staging in bladder cancer (BCa) patients scheduled for radical cystectomy (RC). OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of [11C]choline positron emission tomography in combination with computed tomography (PET/CT) for LN staging of patients with BCa scheduled for RC and ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whole brain white matter changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) by multiple diffusion indices, we examined patients with diffusion tensor imaging and utilized tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) method to analyze the data. METHODS: Forty-one relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and 41 age- and gender-matched normal controls were included ...

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare cause of interstitial lung disease characterized by formation of nodules in the active phase of the disease that evolve into nonactive cystic lesions later on. To evaluate PLCH activity in patients, we developed a new method for measuring diffuse metabolic activity ...

Objectives: To develop a neonatal MR-compatible incubator for transporting babies between a neonatal intensive care unit and an MRI unit that is within the same hospital but geographically separate.Methods: The system was strapped to a standard MR-compatible patient trolley, which provides space for resuscitation outside the incubator. A constant-temperature exothermic ...

Objectives: To determine if the introduction of faecal tagging to CT colonography (CTC) made the examination easier to tolerate, or reduced the number of false positives.Methods: Our department changed bowel preparation for CT colonography from Picolax to Gastrografin only with a modified diet. Questionnaires were given to a subgroup of ...

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI using 3.0 T with that of multiphasic 64-multirow detector computed tomography (MDCT) for the detection of small (≤2 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic liver disease.Methods: A total of 54 patients (44 men, 10 women; age range, 33-81 years) ...

Objectives: The value of screening for colorectal cancer has been well demonstrated, and national programmes are being implemented. At present the primary imaging modality is colonoscopy, which has an associated morbidity and mortality. Computed tomography colonography (CTC) has been proposed as an alternative, but this is associated with radiation exposure ...

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to review the changes in the serial high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings from patients with novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) infection.Methods: HRCT findings of 70 patients with presumed or laboratory-confirmed novel S-OIV infection were reviewed. The pattern (consolidation, ground-glass, fibrosis and air ...

OBJECTIVE: Early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is important given the availability of highly effective disease-modifying antirheumatic (DMARD) medications, including biologics. However, because of associated risks and cost, accurately assessing disease activity is critical. Because magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect synovitis and bone marrow edema, both of which may ...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has major contribution in early diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). As it is difficult to determine disease activity owing to the lack of close relation between laboratory tests, clinical findings and imaging, MRI has been used as an objective outcome measure. The aim of this study ...

In patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSSC) it is desirable to avoid unnecessary bone resection without neglecting the overall surgical treatment goal of tumor-free margins. Whereas computed tomography (CT) is most commonly used to detect mandibular invasion, there are conflicting reports regarding the accuracy of CT. Therefore, the aim ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the decrease in left ventricular mass index (LVMI) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) after aortic valve replacement (AVR) for severe aortic stenosis with Epic and Epic Supra stented porcine bioprostheses (St Jude Medical, Inc, St Paul, Minn). METHODS: This prospective multicenter study enrolled ...

Summary  Purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of complete denture wearing on deglutition time (DT), hyoid bone and larynx movements in edentulous patients with real-time balanced turbo field echo cine-magnetic resonance imaging. Subjects were examined by cine-magnetic resonance imaging in supine position during swallowing water. Two sets ...

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated patients with multiple sclerosis using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to obtain fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values. METHODS: We investigated the possible statistically significant variation of MD and FA in different MS patients, compared simultaneously, putting in comparison their normal appearing white matter (NAWM) ...

Purpose:To determine the precision of a three-dimensional (3D) method for measuring the growth rate of solid and subsolid nodules and its ability to detect abnormal growth rates.Materials and Methods:This study was approved by the Institutional Research Board and was HIPAA compliant. Informed consent was waived. The growth rates of 123 ...

The newly developed use of magnetic resonance imaging of the human inner ear, on a 3 Tesla scanner with intratympanically administered gadolinium, can now reliably distinguish perilymph from endolymph and visually confirm the presence or absence of endolymphatic hydrops. Transtympanic tone burst electrocochleography is an established, and under-utilised evoked response ...

PURPOSE: Clinical relevance of colonic bowel wall thickening seen on abdominal CT scans is unknown. Recommendations for further diagnostic procedures are lacking. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate detecting of bowel wall thickening on CT scan and findings that were seen in case of endoscopical evaluation. METHODS: ...

SUMMARY:Intracranial meningeal hemangiopericytomas in children and adolescents are prone to bleeding during surgery. CT and MR imaging may serve a role in preoperative diagnosis. The purpose of this report was to describe the radiologic findings in 9 pathologically proved cases of intracranial meningeal hemangiopericytomas in children and adolescents. The average ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:ILS is a rare lesion that has a different management from the more common "acoustic" schwannoma. To date, only 137 cases have been reported. We present a classification scheme based on labyrinthine anatomy to describe and localize these lesions. Treatment and prognosis hinge on the appropriate localization of ...

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study are to describe an ACL femoral tunnel classification system for use in planning revision ACL reconstruction based on 3-D computed tomography (CT) reconstructions and to evaluate its inter- and intra-rater reliability. METHODS: A femoral tunnel classification system was developed based on the location of ...

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine the Relative Risk (RR) ratios for common clinical correlates in adult patients with minor head injury in a cohort of patients in which loss of consciousness (LOC) and post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) were not the only entry criteria for CT scanning.MethodsThe computerised CT ...

Visualization of short echo time (TE) metabolites in prostate magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging is difficult due to lipid contamination and pulse timing constraints. In this work, we present a modified pulse sequence to permit short echo time (TE=40ms) acquisitions with reduced lipid contamination for the detection of short TE metabolites. ...

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate incidental findings and scoliosis on whole-body MRI (WBMRI) in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 and 2 (NF1 & NF2, respectively), and schwannomatosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval and written informed consent were obtained for this prospective HIPAA-compliant study. A total of 247 subjects (141 with ...

This study aimed to evaluate muscle involvement pattern and correlate the lesions on muscle imaging with clinical features and D4Z4 fragment size in 24 patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (ESHD). The grading of the muscle image detected by computed tomography (CT) was based on a four-point semi-quantitative visual scale. On ...

INTRODUCTION: Lesions in the ventrolateral region of the dominant frontal lobe have been historically associated with aphasia. Recent imaging results suggest that frontal language regions extend beyond classically defined Broca's area to include the ventral precentral gyrus (VPCG) and the arcuate fasciculus (AF). Frontal gliomas offer a unique opportunity to ...

AIM: To present the neuroradiological and clinical findings of fourth-ventricular meningiomas to increase awareness of this entity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The computed tomography (CT; n=5), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; n=9) features and clinical presentations of 10 patients with pathologically documented fourth-ventricular meningiomas were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS: All tumours appeared as ...

Whilst MRI is routinely used for the assessment and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, there is poor correspondence between clinical disability in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) patients and conventional MRI markers of disease activity (e.g., number of enhancing lesions). As PPMS patients show diffuse and global myelin loss, the aim ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively investigate the distribution of the low attenuation area (LAA) on dual energy perfusion CT (DEpCT) in comparison with the results of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and quantitative CT measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight patients (15 male and 13 female; mean age: 62.21 years) underwent DEpCT and PFTs ...

Purpose:To investigate the accuracy, reproducibility, and reliability of unenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques for detecting metastatic axillary lymph nodes in patients with newly diagnosed breast carcinoma.Materials and Methods:Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained. Seventy-four consecutive women with invasive breast carcinoma were recruited to undergo preoperative breast ...

Optimisation of computed tomography (CT) parameters is important in avoiding excess radiation exposure. The aim of this study is to establish the diagnostic reference levels (DRL) of CT in Japan by using dose-length product (DLP). Datasheets were sent to all hospitals/clinics which had CT scanner(s) in Gunma prefecture. Data were ...

AIM: To analyze the costs of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) prior to the PET-CT study. To determine the effectiveness of PET-CT in the diagnosis of FUO. A proposal of diagnostic algorithm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed that included 20 patients who had been studied between January ...

AIM: To evaluate electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated quiescent-interval single-shot magnetic resonance angiography (QISS-MRA) for nonenhanced assessment of peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) using contrast-enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients (mean age 66.6 ± 10.8 years) with PAOD were included in the study. QISS-MRA and CE-MRA of the lower ...

BACKGROUND: Amniotic band sequence and its US manifestations have been well-described. There is little information, however, regarding the accuracy and utility of fetal MRI. OBJECTIVE: To describe the MRI findings in amniotic band sequence and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MRI and US. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prenatal MRI and ...

Background: We assessed the influence of clinically significant mitral regurgitation (MR) on clinical-echocardiographic response and outcome in heart failure (HF) patients treated with a biventricular defibrillator (cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator [CRT-D]). Methods and Results: A total of 659 HF patients underwent successful implantation of CRT-D and were enrolled in a ...