Imaging has the potential to assess various pathological manifestations of gout, including monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition, tophus formation and cartilage, soft tissue, and bone pathology. This review discusses recent research examining the role of imaging to assess the manifestations of disease. Various imaging techniques are used in the assessment ...

PURPOSE: To measure reproducibility, longitudinal and cross-sectional differences in T2* maps at 3 Tesla (T) in the articular cartilage of the knee in subjects with osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy matched controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI data and standing radiographs were acquired from 33 subjects with OA and 21 healthy controls ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the biomechanical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived morphologic changes between single- and double-row rotator cuff repair at different time points after fixation. METHODS: Eighteen mature female sheep were randomly assigned to either a single-row treatment group using arthroscopic Mason-Allen stitches or a double-row treatment group using a ...

PURPOSE: To better define the prevalence and location of full-thickness articular cartilage lesions in elite football players undergoing knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the National Football League (NFL) Invitational Combine and assess the association of these lesions with previous knee surgery. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all ...

Sodium magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a promising technique for detecting changes of proteoglycan (PG) content in cartilage associated with knee osteoarthritis. Despite its potential clinical benefit, sodium MR imaging in vivo is challenging because of intrinsically low sodium concentration and low MR signal sensitivity. Some of the challenges in ...

Noninvasive monitoring of tissue quality would be of substantial use in the development of cartilage tissue engineering strategies. Conventional MR parameters provide noninvasive measures of biophysical tissue properties and are sensitive to changes in matrix development, but do not clearly distinguish between groups with different levels of matrix development. Furthermore, ...

A 72-year-old female presented with a six-month history of increased frequency of defecation, rectal bleeding, and severe rectal pain. Digital rectal examination and endoscopy revealed a low rectal lesion lying anteriorly. This was confirmed histologically as adenocarcinoma. Radiological staging was consistent with a T(3)N(2) rectal tumour. Following long-course chemoradiotherapy repeat ...

Bis(octacyanophthalocyanine)dysprosium(iii) (1) has been synthesised, characterised and magnetically studied. By the incorporation of cyano substituents on the phthalocyanine (Pc) rings, a starting point has been created for the chemical modification of double deckers for the purpose of surface self-assembly. The modification of the rings leaves the magnetic properties of the ...

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offers a noninvasive method to assess cartilage repair, allowing objective evaluation of the repair tissue and insight into the natural history of cartilage repair procedures. MR imaging allows assessment of the percent fill, signal morphology of the repair tissue, subchondral bone and three-dimensional geometry of the ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In MS, the relation between clinical and MR imaging measures is still suboptimal. We assessed the correlation of disability and specific impairment of the clinical functional system with overall and regional CNS damage in a large cohort of patients with MS with different clinical phenotypes by using a ...

We observe a Fano-like resonance in a magnetically polarizable nanofluid. Under an external magnetic field, the transmittance spectrum of a ferrofluid emulsion containing droplet size of ∼220 nm shows an enhanced peak with a Fano-like profile, which is attributed to a localized waveguide resonance from random array of tubes with ...

Compressive sensing (CS) in Cartesian magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) involves random partial Fourier acquisitions. The random nature of these acquisitions can lead to variance in reconstruction errors. In quantitative MRI, variance in the reconstructed images translates to an uncertainty in the derived quantitative maps. We show that for a spatially ...

In many patients the optimal method of investigation of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPL) is not clear. We performed a prospective randomized pragmatic trial to determine the comparative effectiveness of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (EBUS-TBLB) and CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy (CT-PNB) for the investigation of PPL. Overall complication rates were ...

Cerebral vasogenic edema (VE) has been reported to occur during antiamyloid immunotherapy. VE may be associated with central nervous system pathology with blood-brain barrier disruptions; however, less is known about the prevalence of naturally occurring VE in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging sequences were obtained from ...

A 56-year old female reported having had a fall two weeks prior to presentation. Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed an acute right-sided convexity subdural haematoma. A computed tomography angiogram revealed no vascular anomaly. One hour post procedure she had bilateral cortical blindness. Her vision subsequently was fully restored. A diagnosis ...

Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease that causes conduction disturbance, systolic dysfunction, and most notably sudden cardiac death. Accurate diagnosis of CS is thus mandatory; however, a reliable approach that enables diagnosis of CS with high sensitivity and specificity has yet to be established. Recent studies ...

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of signal strength (SS) on the reproducibility of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness measurement (measurement agreement) and its color-coded classification (classification agreement) by Cirrus spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Seven hundred and eighty-nine participants, consecutively enrolled from December 2009 to August 2010, ...

OBJECTIVE: Intrasubstance meniscal signal changes not reaching the articular surface on fast spin echo (FSE) sequences are considered to represent mucoid degeneration on MRI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of prevalent intrasubstance signal changes with incident tears of the medial meniscus detected on 3.0 T MRI ...

Objective  To assess the role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans with (18) FDG ((18) FDG-PET/CT) in the evaluation of thyroid nodules with nondiagnostic cytology. Subjects and methods  Eighty-eight patients with a single euthyroid nodule and repeatedly nondiagnostic ultrasound-guided fine-needle cytology (US-FNC) were enrolled in the present study. Nodules ...

Purpose: To develop a 4D [three-dimensional (3D) + time] CT technique to capture high spatial and temporal resolution images of wrist joint motion so that dynamic joint instabilities can be detected before the development of static joint instability and onset of osteoarthritis (OA).Methods: A cadaveric wrist was mounted onto a ...

This work presents a simple design for a mobile single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) apparatus with a relatively homogeneous static magnetic field (B(0)) distribution. In the proposed design, the B(0) magnetic field of the apparatus is synthesized using only two permanent magnet blocks, i.e., a cube (main) magnet and a ...

The ultraviolet random lasing behavior of an ensemble of ZnO nanocombs has been demonstrated. It is found that the Fabry-Perot resonance induced by nanocomb geometry can greatly enhance random lasing action with a low threshold condition. Besides, the emission spectra exhibit few sharp lasing peaks with a full width at ...

INTRODUCTION: Technetium (Tc) methylene diphosphonate (MDP) has been the standard method for bone scintigraphy for three decades. (18)F sodium fluoride ((18)F NaF) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has better resolution and is considered superior. The role of 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose ((18)F FDG) PET/CT is proven in a variety of cancers, for ...

BACKGROUND: A pathologically involved margin in rectal cancer is defined as tumour within 1 mm of the surgical resection margin. There is no standard definition of a predicted safe margin on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to assess which cut-off (1, 2 or 5 mm) ...

This study aims to reveal whether there is an elevation in scapula during flexion and abduction of the glenohumeral joint. In the first stage of our study 32 subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The mobility of the scapular notch was examined using open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assay ...

PURPOSE: We found several cases with unexpected pulmonary abnormalities on the (18)F-FDG PET scan after the gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation during a compact health check-up course, interfering the interpretations of (18)F-FDG PET scan for cancer screening. The current studies aimed to analyze the incidence and the clinical relevance of this ...

Background Double reading of images is a part of the quality assurance activities at many radiological centers. Purpose To investigate the extent of and routines for double reading in Norway and the institutional heads' attitudes toward double reading. Material and Methods A questionnaire was addressed to the heads of all ...

BACKGROUND: (18)F-fludeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is a sensitive and specific method for detecting active residual disease after chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy, but few studies have accurately evaluated its diagnostic accuracy with histopathologic correlation. We therefore investigated the clinical utility of (18)F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) in patients undergoing salvage surgery ...

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that engagement of the Hill-Sachs lesion affects postoperative recurrence of anterior shoulder instability. However, no method has been recognized as an effective preoperative means to predict engagement of the Hill-Sachs lesion. PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to assess the diagnostic validity of computed tomography (CT) ...

OBJECTIVES:: Due to the significant potential morbidity of inguinal and pelvic lymphadenectomy, the search for an imaging modality that can accurately identify penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) lymphatic metastases continues. Initial (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies have reported 80% sensitivity and 100% specificity in the detection of inguinal and obturator lymph node ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer related death among both men and women worldwide. The skeleton is the most common site of cancer metastasis. Early detection is crucial for prognosis. To evaluate and compare the capability for bone metastasis assessment of [(18)F] fluoro-2-d-glucose positron ...

OBJECTIVE:: The objective of the study was to determine whether fear of malpractice is associated with emergency physicians' decision to order head computed tomography (CT) in 3 age-specific scenarios of pediatric minor head trauma. We hypothesized that physicians with higher fear of malpractice scores will be more likely to order ...

PET using (18)F-FDG has prognostic value when performed at the completion of initial chemotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). (18)F-FDG PET may also be predictive of outcome when performed during the treatment course of DLBCL, but robust prospective studies and standardization of (18)F-FDG PET interpretation in this ...

Purpose: This pilot study was undertaken to examine the ability of (18)F-3'-fluoro-3'-deoxy-l-thymidine positron emission tomography ((18)F-FLT-PET)to detect rectal cancer, to identify pathologic lymph nodes and to determine the accuracy of tumour length estimation in comparison with computer tomography (CT). Methods: Nine patients with biopsy proven rectal cancer underwent CT and ...

UNiGa crystallizes in the hexagonal ZrNiAl structure and orders antiferromagnetically below T(N) = 39.3 K with the U moments oriented along the c-axis (easy magnetization axis). There are four different antiferromagnetic phases in zero magnetic field and two field induced magnetic phases in UNiGa. For all of them, a strong uniaxial ...

Background: Noninvasive techniques have poor sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing endometriosis, which is often associated with an inflammatory process. In several benign diseases, measurement of hypermetabolism using fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F (18)FDG) reflects the degree of inflammation and aggressiveness of the disease. This prospective study evaluated the value of (18)FDG positron emission ...

PURPOSE: To correlate proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS), dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), and (18)F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([(18)F]FDG PET) of nodal metastases in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) for assessment of tumor biology. Additionally, pretreatment multimodality imaging was evaluated for its efficacy in ...

Abstract Objective. The treatment and prognosis of bladder cancer are based on the depth of primary tumour invasion and the presence of metastases. A highly accurate preoperative tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) staging is critical to proper patient management and treatment. This study retrospectively investigated the value of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron ...

To the Editor: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rarely seen angioproliferative tumor associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) infection, also known as Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV). Four epidemiological types of KS have been described: a) The classic type originally described by Kaposi, which is typically found in midaged ...

To evaluate the feasibility of low-dose, 3D time-resolved contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (TR-CEMRA) in the assessment of the supraaortic vessel, and to compare the results with high-resolution contrast-enhanced MRA (HR-CEMRA). This was an Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective study. Forty-five consecutive patients underwent contrast-enhanced 3D TR-CEMRA and 3D HR-CEMRA for evaluation ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Evaluation of bone marrow infiltration is an essential step in the staging of lymphoma. The accuracy of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG PET), combined (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET/CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing bone marrow involvement of lymphoma has never been systematically assessed, and the ...

We often observe that uptake of tracer is not detected in the primary cancer focus in patients with histologically proven papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) on preoperative (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT). Therefore, we analyzed the clinical and pathologic variables affecting false-negative findings in primary tumors on preoperative (18)F-FDG ...

CYP2D6 genotype and debrisoquine metabolic ratio (MR) were analyzed in 133 Nicaraguan Mestizos (NMs) and 260 Cubans divided into Cuban Mestizos (CMs) and White Cubans (WCs). The frequencies of poor metabolizers (MR12.6) were 6% in NMs, 3.9% in CMs and 5.3% in WCs. The frequencies of ultrarapid metabolizers (MR0.1) were ...

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)-associated encephalitis or pneumonitis has been reported in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed individuals. Several MRI studies in patients with HHV-6-associated encephalitis have been presented. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies describing thin-section CT imaging in patients with HHV-6-associated pneumonitis have been reported. Here we describe ...

A compensated magnetic state in an ideally homogeneous system with long range magnetic order is characterized by a net zero magnetization (M) throughout the sample (macroscopic). In the pristine state of the sample (i.e. with no external field, H = 0), this implies that at the magnetic compensation temperature (T(comp)) we ...

The use of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to study bone microstructure is continuously increasing. Thus, it is important to ensure that micro-CT can differentiate healthy and pathological bone. This study aimed to determine whether the reproducibility of bone histomorphometry and micro-CT, and agreement between the techniques, vary in bone samples with ...

We evaluated longitudinal effects of alendronate on MRI-based trabecular bone structure parameters derived from dual thresholding and fuzzy clustering (BE-FCM) trabecular bone segmentation. Treatment effects were observed in the distal tibia after 24months. The BE-FCM method increased correlations to HR-pQCT-based parameters. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for non-invasive bone ...

New MRI techniques have been developed to assess not only the static anatomy of synovial hyperplasia, bone changes and cartilage degradation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but also the activity of the physiological events that cause these changes. This enables an estimation of the rate of change in the ...

There are no data concerning the accuracy of conventional and computed or digital radiography for evaluation of the equine foot. To compare conventional film-screen and computed radiography with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of distal border fragments of the navicular bone; and to establish which type of fragment was ...

After observing metaphyseal changes in pediatric and young adult patients with osteosarcoma who were treated with pamidronate, we initiated a retrospective study to identify bone findings on computed radiography of the chest and extremities, chest CT, extremity MRI, and radionuclide bone scans in this population. To review the generalized skeletal ...