Variable pathologies are subsumed under the term "synovial disease", including common pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis. While formerly radiologists had to rely on conventional radiographs and bone scintigraphy with their inherent problems in visualizing soft tissue, noninvasive imaging of the synovium has recently improved substantially with the technical development of ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical importance of a unilateral striated pattern seen on high-resolution sonography of a testicle on the basis of follow-up imaging. CONCLUSION: In the absence of relevant clinical findings or an abnormal signal on color-flow or power Doppler sonography, a striated ...

We developed a noninvasive technique, referred to as Doppler imaging of vibrations (DIV), to measure laxity of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ). The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of SIJ laxity measurements. A total of 10 healthy women (mean 29.6 +/- 6 years old) participated in the ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate alteration of the blood-brain barrier from ultrasonic contrast agent destruction by diagnostic transcranial color-coded sonography using gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: Healthy male volunteers received 10 mL (400 mg/dL) of Levovist (SH U 508A; Schering AG, Berlin, Germany; n = 6) or 3 mL of Optison (FS069; ...

AIM: A newly developed convergent color Doppler (CCD) was used for evaluating the possible relationship of the flow dynamics of the internal carotid artery to silent cerebral infarction (SCI). METHODS: In 108 patients (65+/-8 years) with stroke risk factors, the CCD simultaneously images information, on both flow direction and Doppler ...

OBJECTIVE: CT technique should be adjusted while scanning infants and children. One format that has proven successful in simplifying pediatric care and reducing medical error is the size-based, color-coded Broselow-Luten pediatric system. This color-coded system can serve as a format for CT protocols. The purpose of this investigation was to ...

OBJECTIVE: Endoluminal sonography with high-frequency catheter-based transducers is a technique well suited to imaging structures beyond the lumen of the hollow viscus. The purpose of this article was to review some aspects of endoluminal sonography, including instrumentation, clinical applications in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, and its three-dimensional reconstruction. METHODS: ...

Musculoskeletal sonography has been shown to be effective for many applications related to sports medicine. Some advantages of sonography over MR imaging include portability, accessibility, high resolution, and relative lower cost. More importantly, dynamic imaging under sonography visualization allows diagnoses that cannot be made with routine MR imaging. Additionally, direct ...

Color Doppler ultrasound has been the mainstay for the evaluation of the scrotum in a variety of clinical settings. However, ultrasonography results are not always accurate or conclusive. Despite the high cost and limited availability, magnetic resonance imaging with the dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction technique provides accurate information on morphology as ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether sonohysterography provides added diagnostic value over transvaginal sonography in patients with suspected or known myomas by comparing diagnostic confidence, interobserver agreement, accuracy, and change in diagnoses when 2 independent observers interpreted transvaginal sonography alone and later interpreted transvaginal sonography and sonohysterography together. METHODS: Hard copy images ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and transvaginal ultrasonography in myoma diagnosis, mapping, and measurement. STUDY DESIGN: This was a double-blind study of 106 consecutive premenopausal women who underwent hysterectomy for benign reasons. Myomas (total, 257) were exactly mapped ...

OBJECTIVES: Microbubble echo-enhancers help in the assessment of focal liver masses by enhancing the signal from blood vessels. A variety of linear and nonlinear scanning modes are now available, but it is unclear which is optimal. A controlled comparison was performed during the infusion of such an agent (SonoVue: Bracco, ...

A case of partial priapism is reported diagnosed by contrast-enhanced MR imaging and color-coded duplex sonography. Follow-up examinations after 4 weeks and 3 months were performed. According to the results of color-coded duplex sonography and MRI, a partial priapism with development from the subacute stage to a fibrous residuum after ...

OBJECTIVE: To highlight the sonographic appearances of cysticercosis involving uncommon muscular sites. METHODS: Two patients with nodular swelling involving the tongue and maxillary region were examined with high-resolution sonography. RESULTS: Sonographic examination revealed an anechoic area with a small calcified scolex suggesting cysticercus infection. CONCLUSIONS: High-resolution sonography is a noninvasive ...

OBJECTIVE: To review the ultrasonographic technique, anatomy, and pathologic entities found in the scrotum during evaluation of scrotal masses, acute scrotal pain, and male infertility. METHOD: A pictorial review of cases with diagrams of pertinent anatomic features and findings is presented. RESULTS: Ultrasonography in conjunction with color and pulsed Doppler ...

A 33-year-old man with a known diagnosis of Behçet's syndrome (BS), presented with pseudothrombophlebitis resulting from acute rupture of a popliteal cyst. Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging findings are explained. Differentiation of rupture of a Baker's cyst from true thrombophlebitis, especially in patients with BS, who are potentially susceptible ...

A case is described of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to factor V Leiden deficiency that occurred in the neonatal period, presenting with seizures. Diagnosis was based on ultrasonography, Doppler ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aetiology was only recognized after blood-clotting tests, antithrombin III, C and S ...

Functional and morphological abnormalities due to hypertension could be detected in neurologically symptom-free patients by CT, MRI, transcranial Doppler ultrasound, PET and SPECT. Neuropsychological tests also provide useful information. Single or combined application of these techniques reveals different aspects of parenchymal or vascular impairment in hypertension. The advantages and disadvantages ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a new indicator of left ventricular global function: Myocardial velocity gradient (MVG) M-mode Doppler tissue imaging (DTI). BACKGROUND: MVG is a new indicator of regional left ventricular function and global left ventricular diastolic function. However, it is unclear whether MVG also is an indicator of left ventricular ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cardiac right-to-left shunts (RLS) can be identified by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as well as by transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) using contrast agents, such as Echovist-200 or Echovist-300 in conjunction with a Valsalva maneuver (VM) as provocation procedure. Both Echovist preparations are in use. Currently, the appropriate timing ...

Color Doppler optical coherence tomography (CDOCT) is a noninvasive optical imaging technique for micrometer-scale physiological flow mapping simultaneously with morphological optical coherence tomography imaging. We have developed a novel CDOCT signal-processing strategy capable of imaging physiological flow rates at 8 frames/s. Our new strategy features hardware-implemented digital autocorrelation across subsequent ...

Sky is among the most important subject matter frequently seen in photographic images. We propose a model-based approach consisting of color classification, region extraction, and physics-motivated sky signature validation. First, the color classification is performed by a multilayer backpropagation neural network trained in a bootstrapping fashion to generate a belief ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and Doppler ultrasonography (US) in providing specific images of gouty tophi. METHODS: Four male patients with chronic gout with tophi affecting the knee joints (three cases) or the olecranon processes of the elbows (one case) were assessed. ...

The purpose of this paper is to present a user-friendly reference for 24 of the most common normal variants of the osteomeatal unit. A five image set of consecutive normal coronal hanging head computed tomography (CT) images was obtained. Half of each image was duplicated enough times to allow superimposition ...

Angiogenesis is a prominent feature of rheumatoid synovitis. Formation of new blood vessels permits a supply of nutrients and oxygen to the augmented inflammatory cell mass and so contributes to perpetuation of joint disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent endothelial cell-specific growth factor that is upregulated by ...

AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate image quality and accuracy of a new hand-carried ultrasound device, OptiGo (Agilent Technologies) when compared to standard echocardiography in the setting of a focused examination in the assessment of cardiac anatomy and function. METHODS AND RESULTS:One-hundred and twenty-one patients were prospectively ...

The Baptistery of Castiglione Olona (Varese, Italy), frescoed by Masolino da Panicale at the beginning of the 14th Century, is currently under restoration. On this occasion its state of preservation was investigated, in order to plan a correct intervention. During the sampling, an interesting phenomenon was pointed out, i.e. a ...

In the last years new computer-based imaging techniques, like color Doppler sonography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance, have allowed a non-invasive approach to vascular diseases, partially replacing angiography, and increasing the role of radiology in the diagnosis and management of many chronic diseases, such as Takayasu's arteritis. Simultaneous evaluation of ...

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the efficacy of contrast-enhanced harmonic color Doppler (C-HCD) and tissue harmonic imaging (THI) for left ventricular endocardial border delineation and explored the optimal methodology of C-HCD in patients with suboptimal echocardiograms. BACKGROUND: The value of C-HCD in improving endocardium remains unknown. Effects of harmonic velocity-encoded color ...

Laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI), is a further development in laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Its advantage is that it enables assessment of microvascular blood flow in a predefined skin area rather than, as for LDF, in one place. In many ways this method seems to be more promising than LDF ...

OBJECTIVE: Real-time interactive duplex MR imaging is a new phase-contrast MR imaging technique that enables the quantification and display of flow velocities in real time without the need for cardiac gating. We investigated the feasibility and reliability of the technique to assess hemodynamic information both in vitro and in vivo ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the difference in the nodal hilus evaluated by gray scale and power Doppler sonography. METHODS: One hundred ninety-two patients with proven cervical lymphadenopathy were included in the study (metastases, n = 118; tuberculosis, n = 56; and lymphoma, n = 18). Lymph nodes were evaluated by gray ...

PURPOSE: Accurate imaging is essential for correct operative planning and successful surgical intervention in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Our objective was the comparison of color duplex sonography with spiral computed tomography (CT) and surgical-pathological findings in the evaluation of renal masses to determine tumor localization, size, tumor thrombus extent and ...

The aim of this paper was to investigate the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced power Doppler sonography in the differential diagnosis of liver lesions. We prospectively examined 85 focal liver lesions in 71 patients by real-time gray-scale sonography, power Doppler sonography, and contrast-enhanced power Doppler using two ultrasound contrast agents ...

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the clinical hallmark of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHCM), is absent in a significant number of subjects with causal mutations. In transgenic rabbits that fully recapitulate the FHCM phenotype, reduced myocardial tissue Doppler (TD) velocities accurately identified the mutant rabbits, even in the absence of LVH. We ...

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the accuracy, advantages and clinical efficacy of magnetic resonance (MR) phase-shift velocity mapping, in delineating the site and the hemodynamic severity of pulmonary venous (PV) obstruction in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance phase-shift velocity mapping of normal pulmonary veins and of obstructed ...

Exact determination of the orifice area in stenotic valve disease is essential to guide therapy. With the standard imaging methods, the orifice area has to be calculated by empirically-derived formulas, which may be susceptible to changes in hemodynamic status, leading to wrong therapeutic decisions. We tested the ability of magnetic ...

Recent years have seen dramatic developments in extracorporeal ultrasonography: Color, including-power Doppler ultrasonography, ultrasonography angiography, harmonic imaging (tissue harmonic imaging and contrast harmonic imaging) and 3-dimensional ultrasonography (including virtual endoscopy). In this report, we describe the present situation and the prospective outlook for these new diagnostic modalities mainly on the ...

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the diagnostic agreement between imaging quantitative sonography of the calcaneus and dual X-ray absorptiometry of the spine and femur for diagnosing osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 498 female patients (56 +/- 18 years old), bone mineral density measurements by dual X-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine ...

Molecular imaging techniques allow visualization of specific gene products and their physiological processes in living tissues. In this study, we present a new approach for molecular imaging of endogenous tyrosine kinase receptor activity. Met and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor scatter factor (HGF/SF), which mediate mitogenicity, tumorigenicity, and angiogenesis, were ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether color and power Doppler twinkling artifacts could be considered an additional diagnostic sonographic feature of urinary stones. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was performed in 32 patients with 20 renal stones and 16 ureteral stones to assess how often ...

Average perfusion in various burn wounds was assessed using Laser Doppler Imaging (LDI). The time necessary for a complete healing of the wound was compared to the results of the LDI measurements. A certain depth of burn was associated with a typical pattern of perfusion in the course of time. ...

OBJECTIVE: Use of new echo enhancers capable of passing the lung filter has extended the clinical applications of color power Doppler flow imaging in many diseases and appears promising in the study of neoplasm vascularization. Levovist (Shering, Berlin Germany) is an ultrasound contrast agent containing galactose microbubbles suspended in palmitic ...

PURPOSE: To develop a standardized method for measuring from iris photographs, light and dark segments of areas and densities of iris color. METHODS: Computerized image analysis was used to measure the iris photographs. The reproducibility of this method was studied in 30 normal eyes with three different colored irides, green-brown, ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a convenient and simple method for visualizing in color the features of gynecologic lesions by combining T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images using RGB (red-green-blue) color channels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: T1- and T2-weighted film images of gynecologic lesions were digitized using ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of state-of-the-art ultrasonography with that of helical computed tomography and computed tomographic angiography in detecting unresectable periampullary cancer. In most patients periampullary cancer is unresectable because of either distant metastasis or local vascular involvement. The advent of gray scale and color Doppler ultrasonography has improved ...

PURPOSE: To compare the results of the nonduplex ultrasonography (US) Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP) with those of transcranial duplex power Doppler US by using the STOP protocol and to correlate abnormal transcranial Doppler findings with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiographic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ...

The orbital varices are infrequent intraorbital masses, which cause intermittent, positional exophthalmos. They have low venous pressure inside which causes difficulties in detection by routine protocols of nearly all imaging modalities. Color Doppler sonography is a simple procedure that can easily detect orbital varices which avoids further evaluation in non-complicated ...

Recent advances of ultrasound imaging have made possible to depict various diseases and conditions of the pancreas. Color/power Doppler ultrasonography, endoscopic ultrasonography, and intraductal ultrasonography are feasible to show vascular abnormalities, differentiate the solid and cystic tumors, decide tumor extent, and help to perform interventional treatments of the pancreatic diseases. ...

Constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy can be difficult to differentiate on clinical examination. Cardiac ultrasonography is increasingly being used as the noninvasive method of choice for confirming the specific morphologic and hemodynamic abnormalities associated with either condition. Interrogation of atrioventricular valve plane motion by Doppler myocardial imaging (DMI) has been ...