The vascular effects of antiangiogenic treatment may pose problems for evaluating brain tumor response based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used serial dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI at 12 T to assess vascular responses to antiangiogenic versus steroid therapy. Athymic rats with intracerebral U87MG human glioma (n=17) underwent susceptibility-weighted perfusion ...

Human right coronary artery (RCA) haemodynamics is investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on subject-specific information from magnetic resonance (MR) acquisitions. The dynamically varying vascular geometry is reconstructed from MR images, incorporated in CFD in conjunction with pulsatile flow conditions obtained from MR velocity mapping performed on the same ...

We aimed to evaluate whether the use of a speculum blade modifies the evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) as assessed by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Twenty-seven women with POP Quantification (POPQ) stage II or greater, scheduled for POP surgery, were evaluated using MRI. The procedure was repeated using ...

Dynamic imaging with MRI holds great promise for visualizing soft tissue structures in the oropharyngeal region during speech and swallowing studies. However, MRI suffers from historically slow acquisition speed and sensitivity to significant magnetic susceptibility differences in this region. In this work, we describe our efforts in creating high temporal ...

Dynamic MRI continues to grow in interest and capability with the introduction of 64 and 128 channel receivers, and, more recently, 8 and 16 channel parallel transmitters. This talk will describe progress in developing a 64 channel transmitter and applications in high-speed MR imaging, reaching 1000 frames per second.

Purpose: We assessed errors in cerebral blood flow (CBF) obtained from our proposed reference-based method without using arterial input function (AIF) indices in dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: We calculated CBF and the referential tissue-related ratio (CBFratio) using numerical simulation and 3 nondeconvolution methods ...

The structure and solvent (water, methanol, etc.) dynamics of a number of fuel membrane electrode assembly (MEA) samples are studied with nuclear magnetic resonance microimaging with spatial resolution of tens of micrometers. The micrometer-scale inhomogeneity of the samples is observed and confirmed with various weighting methods. In particular, diffusion coefficients ...

The characteristics of jejunal ectopic pancreas in dynamic gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging are described in a 40-year-old man with bowel obstruction. The pre-contrast signal intensity and post-contrast enhancement pattern of ectopic pancreas are the same as those of the pancreas.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Glioma and meningioma are the two most common types of primary brain tumor. The aim of the present study was to analyze, using dynamic susceptibility contrast MR perfusion imaging, the effect of angiogenesis on peritumoral tissue. METHODS: In this prospective study, conducted from December 2003 to March ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlations of anatomical parameters between dynamic pelvic CT (D-PCT) and conventional defecography (CD) for patients with rectal prolapse. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Anatomical parameters in multislice CT scanning of the pelvis performed at rest and during simulated defecation (D-PCT) were studied with those of CD to evaluate ...

The authors developed a method to quantitatively evaluate renal function using dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT) and a compartment model. They applied this method to evaluation of drug-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. They performed the DCE-CT studies using a total of 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=9 for control and n=27 for ...

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a novel MR technique that allows to interrogate pharmacokinetic processes in the tissues at a voxel level and to generate parametric maps that can be displayed for clinical interpretation. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI is an important imaging technique for the imaging of angiogenesis and ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between vertebral blood perfusion and vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) in a rat orchiectomy (ORX) model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine 6-month-old male Wistar-Kyoto rats were used. Computed tomography (CT) bone densitometry and dynamic MRI were performed at baseline and four weeks post-ORX. MRI was performed ...

We report two cases of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the lung in a 4-year-old boy and a 7-year-old girl. We performed dynamic contrastenhancement computed tomography in both of our cases and dynamic contrast enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in one case. These dynamic studies showed a demarcated mass with ...

PURPOSE: Hypoxia in patients with head-and-neck cancer (HNC) is well established and known to cause radiation resistance and treatment failure in the management of HNC. This study examines the role of parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and perfusion computed tomography (CT) as surrogate markers of intratumoral ...

We evaluated the relationship between histopathological prognostic factors, tumor proliferation microvessel density (MVD), and enhancement parameters in dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Twenty-eight T2 and T3 patients with primary oral SCC underwent DCE-MRI using three-dimensional fast imaging with a steady-state precession sequence. Tumor ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate semiquantitative and quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) measurements in predicting the response to radiotherapy in cervix cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with cervix cancer treated radically with chemoradiotherapy had DCE-MRI at three time points: before starting treatment, after 2 weeks of radiotherapy, and in the ...

The aim of this study was to determine the intra- and interobserver reliability of dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) staging in pelvic organ prolapse patients. In 30 patients with pelvic organ prolapse, dynamic MR images were assessed independently by two observers. Various anatomical landmarks to asses pelvic organ prolapse were used ...

MR imaging is useful for characterizing ovarian tumors. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging is a promising new technique useful for characterizing perfusion and angiogenesis of ovarian masses. This article describes the dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging technique examines the current and future applications of this technique in patients with ovarian tumors.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI is becoming an increasingly important tool for evaluating tumor vascularity and assessing the effectiveness of emerging antiangiogenic and antivascular agents. In chest and abdominal regions, however, respiratory motion can seriously degrade the achievable image quality in DCE-MRI studies. The purpose of this work is to develop a ...

PURPOSE: Sorafenib is an antiangiogenic agent with activity in renal cancer. We conducted a randomized trial to investigate dynamic contrast magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) as a pharmacodynamic biomarker. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were randomly assigned to placebo or 200 or 400 mg twice per day of sorafenib. DCE-MRI was performed ...

Presented is a new computer-aided multispectral image processing method which is used in three spatial dimensions and one spectral dimension where the dynamic, contrast enhanced magnetic resonance parameter maps derived from voxel-wise model-fitting represent the spectral dimension. The method is based on co-occurrence analysis using a 3-D window of observation ...

PURPOSE: To assess the reproducibility of bone and soft-tissue pelvimetry measurements obtained from dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies in primiparous women across multiple centers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All subjects prospectively gave consent for participation in this institutional review board-approved, HIPAA-compliant study. At six clinical sites, standardized dynamic pelvic 1.5-T ...

Abatacept is the only agent currently approved to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that targets the co-stimulatory signal required for full T-cell activation. No studies have been conducted on its effect on the synovium, the primary site of pathology. The aim of this study was to determine the synovial effect of ...

PURPOSE: To assess the predictability of the response to radiotherapy of uterine carcinoma, this study retrospectively analyzed dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images (DCE-MRI) taken before radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients with uterine carcinoma were studied, of whom 22 had adenocarcinoma and 20 had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In DCE-MRI ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the contribution to scan-rescan coefficient of variation (CV) of patient-specific arterial input function (AIF) measurement in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) data, and to determine whether any advantage or disadvantage to using a data-derived arterial input function is related to the anatomical location of the target lesion. MATERIALS ...

A single injection of high-dose steroid (20 mg/kg) has been reported to induce necrotic lesions in the proximal metaphysis and diaphysis of the rabbit femur. In the rabbit osteonecrosis (ON) model induced by two-dose horse serum injections, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T2*-weighted dynamic MRI have been reported to ...

This study was institutional review board approved, with waived patient consent for retrospective analysis of the data. The hepatic perfusion at dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was commonly described and assessed by using a dual-input one-compartment tracer kinetics model. Although the tracer kinetics in normal liver parenchyma can ...

Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI is widely acknowledged to be a helpful tool in the diagnosis and differentiation of tumors. In common clinical settings, the dynamic changes described by the time-intensity curves (TICs) are evaluated to find patterns of atypical tissue behavior, i.e., areas characterized by rapid contrast wash-in and ...

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to analyze the relation between enhancement patterns on dynamic enhanced MRI and histologic microvessel patterns of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) and to address the topic of false-positive findings in differentiating SPNs with dynamic MRI. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with 68 pathologically proven ...

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a hidden women's health epidemic in the United States, with over 10% of women having a lifetime risk for undergoing a surgical repair for this problem. Given the paucity of understanding of PFD pathophysiology and the high rate of recurrence and repeat surgery, imaging plays ...

OBJECT: Whole-spine magnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained using a cylindrical 3-T MR imaging system in 5 contortionists to assess the pathological changes possibly associated with the practice of contortion. Whole-spine dynamic MR images were obtained using a 1-T open MR imaging system in 2 of these contortionists with the ...

PURPOSE: To compare the nodule management capabilities of dynamic MRI, dynamic multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) and coregistered positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic MRI, dynamic MDCT, PET, microbacterial, and pathological examinations were administered to 175 consecutive patients with 202 nodules (<30 mm in diameter). The final diagnoses resulted ...

PURPOSE: To investigate a new image acquisition method that enables an accurate hepatic arterial phase definition and the visualization of contrast agent uptake processes in abdominal organs like liver, spleen, and pancreas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 3D turbo gradient echo method where a fat suppression prepulse is followed by the ...

The initial use of a 64-slice computed tomography (CT) scanner for obtaining quantitative perfusion data from a large ciliochoroidal melanoma, and correlation with 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dynamic enhancement and tumor histology. The CT perfusion scan was performed using 80 kVp, 250 mA and 1-sec rotation time for 40 ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the utility of dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) sialographic images as a diagnostic tool for patients with xerostomia as chief complaint. METHODS: Various parameters of dynamic MR sialographic images from 40 healthy volunteers were compared with those from 28 patients having dry mouth as chief ...

To prospectively evaluate feasibility, image quality and diagnostic accuracy of dynamic MR imaging the pelvic floor at 3.0 T in patients with urinary incontinence and to compare these results with those of MRI performed at 1.5 T. Ten patients with the diagnosis of urinary incontinence (clinical symptoms, clinical examination, pelvic ...

BACKGROUND: Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) expresses the structural and neuromuscular disorder of soft palate and pharyngeal walls inhibiting the normal functions of velopharyngeal (VP) sphincter mechanism. In this study, efficacy of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of VPI is investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32 cases, 16 ...

Effectiveness of morphological descriptors based on normalized maximum intensity-time ratio (nMITR) maps generated using a 3 x 3 pixel moving mask on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetoresistance (MR) mammograms are studied for assessment of malignancy. After a rough indication of volume of interest on the nMITR maps, lesions are automatically segmented. Two-dimensional ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of endorectal MRI combined with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to detect local recurrence after radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 51 patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy for prostatic adenocarcinoma 10 months to 6 years before ...

For clinical dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI studies, it is often not possible to obtain reliable arterial input function (AIF) in each measurement. Thus, it is important to find a representative AIF for pharmacokinetic modeling of DCE-MRI data when individual AIF (Ind-AIF) measurements are not available. A total of 16 patients ...

The study object was to retrospectively compare the detection rate of hypervascular foci visualized by CT during hepatic arteriography (CTHA) in borderline nodules, which was observed upon cirrhotic livers, on dynamic MDCT, dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR (dynamic MR), and SPIO-enhanced MR imaging. Eighty-five nodules in 49 patients with cirrhosis were evaluated. ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the utility of 3-T MRI of the lung for differentiating inflammation- and fibrosis-predominant lesions in the usual and nonspecific types of interstitial pneumonia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were 26 patients (10 men, 16 women; mean age, 57 +/- 9 [SD] ...

OBJECTIVES: Different techniques for measuring of perfusion are clinically available, but these are usually applied to healthy brain tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five different techniques were used here in 12 patients with brain tumors to investigate the impact of tumor vascularization on the perfusion signal: three qualitative dynamic contrast-enhanced/susceptibility-contrast magnetic ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively determine whether relative cerebral blood volume (CBV) measurements can be used to predict clinical outcome in patients with high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and specifically whether patients who have gliomas with a high initial relative CBV have more rapid progression than those who have gliomas ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the combined use of transcatheter intraarterial perfusion (TRIP) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging to determine complete tumor targeting during transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) when performed within an integrated MR imaging-interventional radiology (IR) angiography suite. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 2006 and March 2007, ...

Two experiments were conducted to explore whether representational momentum (RM) emerges in the perception of dynamic facial expression and whether the velocity of change affects the size of the effect. Participants observed short morphing animations of facial expressions from neutral to one of the six basic emotions. Immediately afterward, they ...

Pilomatricoma is an asymptomatic, slowly growing, benign skin tumor that is typically located in the regions of head and neck. We present 1 case of pilomatricoma studied with dynamic magnetic resonance imaging and bone scintigraphy. Our case revealed late enhancement in the dynamic magnetic resonance imaging study that is a ...

The objective of this study was to investigate if dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to quantitate the distribution volume (v(e)) in regions of normal and infarcted myocardium. v(e) reflects the volume of the extracellular, extravascular space within the myocardial tissue. In regions of the heart where ...

The value of pharmacokinetic parameters derived from fast dynamic imaging during initial enhancement in characterizing breast lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated. Sixty-eight malignant and 34 benign lesions were included. In the scanning protocol, high temporal resolution imaging was combined with high spatial resolution imaging. The high temporal ...