Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) is a non-invasive treatment approach for symptomatic uterine fibroids. One imaging characteristic considered in selecting patients who may benefit from MRgFUS of their uterine fibroids is the signal intensity of the fibroid compared with surrounding myometrium on T2-weighted MR images. Previous reports suggest that ...

PURPOSE: To prove the feasibility of arterial spin labeling (ASL) to explore brain tumors by comparing dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI to ASL at 3T MR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients were included presenting 9 gliomas, 10 metastases and 8 meningiomas. All were explored by a pseudo-continuous ASL and dynamic susceptibility ...

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is performed by obtaining sequential MRI images, before, during, and after the injection of a contrast agent. T(1) weighted MR imaging is used to observe the exchange of contrast agent between the vascular space and extravascular extracellular space (EES), providing information about blood volume ...

AIMS: Surgical treatment of obstructed defecation (OD) carries frequent recurrences. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role dynamic magnetic resonance imaging defecography, and to elucidate the underlying anatomic and pathophysiologic background of pelvic floor disorders in these patients in order to minimize failures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty ...

A discrete dysprosium cubane has been prepared and structurally characterized. Slow relaxation of magnetization in this complex is observed, which may stimulate further investigations into the dynamics of magnetization in lanthanide clusters with different topologies.

The purpose of this work is to detect dynamic gas trapping in three dimensions during forced exhalation at isotropic high spatial resolution and high temporal resolution using hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI. Ten subjects underwent hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI and multidetector CT. MRI was performed throughout inspiration, breath-hold, and forced expiration. A multiecho ...

Background:There is a need for simple imaging parameters capable of predicting therapeutic outcome.Methods:This retrospective study analysed 50 patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix who underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI before receiving potentially curative radiotherapy. The proportion of enhancing pixels (E(F)) in the whole-tumour volume post-contrast agent injection was calculated ...

Angiogenesis is a key step in the pathophysiology of tumor growth and metastatic spread. Recently, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has emerged as a method for assessing angiogenesis both during the initial diagnosis and for follow up of anti-angiogenic therapies. In this review, we discuss the technical aspects of ...

Fifteen thousand youths are diagnosed yearly with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pancreatic islet transplantation has been shown clinically to provide short-term (~1 year) insulin independence. However, challenges associated with early vascularization of transplanted islet grafts and long-term islet survival remain. We utilized dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI) ...

To investigate the relationship between temporal resolution of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and classification of breast lesions as benign versus malignant. Patients underwent T(1)-weighted DCE MRI with 15 s/acquisition temporal resolution using 1.5 Tesla (n = 48) and 3.0T (n = 33) MRI scanners. Seventy-nine patients had ...

PURPOSE: To combine dynamic contrast material-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with x-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) of mammary gland tissue samples from mice to identify the spatial distribution of gadolinium after intravenous injection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C3(1) Sv-40 large T antigen transgenic mice (n = 23) were studied with institutional ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether, at dynamic MRI of the upper abdominal organs, contrast enhancement with gadoxetic acid, a hepatobiliary contrast agent, is comparable with that achieved with an extracellular contrast agent. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Dynamic gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI of the pancreas, spleen, kidney, liver, ...

Recent evidence suggests that vascular permeability and the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor (VEGF/VPF) are important mediators of brain tumor growth in addition to angiogenesis. Perfusion and permeability magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can now measure parameters such as cerebral blood volume and vascular permeability, which can be ...

Fifteen thousand youths are diagnosed yearly with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pancreatic islet transplantation has been shown clinically to provide short-term (~1 year) insulin independence. However, challenges associated with early vascularization of transplanted islet grafts and long-term islet survival remain. We utilized dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI) ...

Novel 320-section CT scanning equipment enables dynamic noninvasive angiographic imaging of the entire cranial vasculature (4D-CTA). We describe this technique and demonstrate its potential in arteriovenous shunting lesions. 4D-CTA imaging resulted in a correct diagnosis, lesion classification, and treatment-strategy selection in 3 patients, compared with CA. We think that 4D-CTA ...

Post-contrast enhancement characteristics (PEC) are a major criterion for differential diagnosis in MR mammography (MRM). Manual placement of regions of interest (ROIs) to obtain time/signal intensity curves (TSIC) is the standard approach to assess dynamic enhancement data. Computers can automatically calculate the TSIC in every lesion voxel and combine this ...

PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the ability of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to assess physiological microvascular states in normal myometrium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-five women (62 women of reproductive age, 23 postmenopausal) undergoing DCE-MRI of the pelvis were included. Microvascular parameters for the inner and outer myometrium were analysed ...

OBJECTIVES: Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) is increasingly getting popular with the advent of computed tomography (CT) systems with adequate temporal resolution and spatial coverage. We sought to develop a biological phantom for perfusion measurements in CT to design, improve, and validate scan protocols and postprocessing algorithms in vitro. MATERIALS AND ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the combination of pharmacokinetic and radiologic assessment of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an early response indicator in women receiving chemoradiation for advanced cervical cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty women with locally advanced cervical cancer were included in a prospective cohort study. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI ...

Noninvasive detection of dysplasia provides a potential platform for monitoring the efficacy of chemopreventive therapy of premalignancy, imaging the tissue compartments comprising dysplasia: epithelium, microvasculature, and stromal inflammatory cells. Here, using respiratory-gated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the anatomy of premalignant and malignant stages of cervical carcinogenesis in estrogen-treated K14-HPV16 transgenic ...

PURPOSE: To investigate whether cerebral blood volume (CBV), peak height (PH), and percentage of signal intensity recovery (PSR) measurements derived from the results of T2-weighted dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast material-enhanced (DSC) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) can be used to distinguish recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) accuracy can vary substantially depending on the dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced (DSC) acquisition and postprocessing methods, due to blood-brain barrier disruption and resulting T1-weighted leakage and T2- and/or T2*-weighted imaging (T2/T2*WI) residual effects. We set out to determine optimal DSC conditions that address ...

PURPOSE: To compare pretreatment scans with perfusion computed tomography (pCT) vs. dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in rectal tumors. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Nineteen patients diagnosed with rectal cancer were included in this prospective study. All patients underwent both pCT and DCE-MRI. Imaging was performed on a dedicated 40-slice CT-positron ...

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been suggested to be a valuable method for characterizing the physiological microenvironment of tumors and thus a promising method for individualizing cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that valid parametric images of the tumor microenvironment can be ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) as a practical tool for longitudinal assessment of angiogenesis in biomaterials. BACKGROUND: There is a lack of suitable methods for in vivo evaluation of the integration of biomaterials in a clinical setting. In oncology, DCE-MRI is used for the longitudinal monitoring ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) often masquerades as asthma and reports have suggested that up to 30% of patients with asthma may have coexistent VCD. Diagnosis of VCD is difficult, in part because it involves laryngoscopy which has practical constraints, and there is need for rapid non-invasive diagnosis. ...

The aim of this study is to report the authors' initial clinical experience of a 320-detector row computed tomography (CT) scanner in cerebrovascular disorders. Volumetric CT using the full 160-mm width of the 320 detector rows enables full brain coverage in a single rotation that allows for combined time-resolved whole-brain ...

PURPOSE: This study tests whether dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters obtained from canine patients with soft tissue sarcomas, treated with hyperthermia and radiotherapy, are predictive of therapeutic outcome. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Thirty-seven dogs with soft tissue sarcomas had DCE-MRI done before and following the first hyperthermia. Signal enhancement for ...

The aim of the study was to determine whether patients' symptoms agree with findings on clinical examination and dynamic MR imaging of the pelvic floor. Symptoms of pelvic organ dysfunction were measured with the use of three validated questionnaires. The domain scores were compared with POP-Q and dynamic MR imaging ...

A scanning Kerr microscope with a temporal resolution of <230 fs and a spatial resolution of 210 nm is presented. Equipped with a large temporal and spatial scanning range of 8 ns and 320 microm, respectively, the microscope allows studying nonuniform magnetization dynamics on many different time scales over a ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of double arterial phase dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the sensitivity encoding technique (SENSE dynamic MRI) for detection of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in comparison with double arterial phase dynamic multidetector-row helical computed tomography (dynamic MDCT). MATERIALS AND ...

A baseline T(10) value is typically needed for dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE-) MRI studies. However, an assumed baseline T(10) has to be used when T(10) measurements for patients are not available. In this work, we systematically investigate the dependence on T(10) of the commonly used DCE-MRI parameters (K(trans), k(ep), v(e) and ...

The aim of this study was to investigate (a) the effect the choice of the region of interest (ROI) defining the aortic input function (AIF) has on the estimation of renal perfusion and filtration in dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) renography, and (b) the reproducibility of these parameters. ...

This is the first study of partial volume effect in quantifying renal function on dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Dynamic image data were acquired for a cohort of 10 healthy volunteers. Following respiratory motion correction, each voxel location was assigned a mixing vector representing the 'overspilling' contributions of each ...

PURPOSE: (i) To evaluate the feasibility of tracer kinetics analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) CT and T2-weighted MR data of squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) of the upper aerodigestive tract. (ii) To compare functional parameters derived by both modalities and examine the interchangeability of them as well as the intra- and ...

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively correlate the results of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with histological and clinical diagnoses in patients with osteoid osteomas. Fifty-four patients with the MR diagnosis of osteoid osteoma were studied. MRI (1.5 Tesla) consisted of thin-section STIR sequences, dynamic 3D T1 ...

Cavernous hemangiomas with shunt formations have been a recently recognized entity. Arterioportal (AP) shunts with cavernous hemangiomas have been described. However, a combination of AP and portosystemic (PS) shunts causing portal hypertension has not been previously demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) imaging. In this study, we report an atypical cavernous ...

For time-resolved acquisitions with k-space undersampling, a simulation method was developed for selecting imaging parameters based on minimization of errors in signal intensity versus time and physiologic parameters derived from tracer kinetic analysis. Optimization was performed for time-resolved angiography with stochastic trajectories (TWIST) algorithm applied to contrast-enhanced MR renography. A ...

The presence of macroscopic vessels within the tumor region is a potential confounding factor in MR-based dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)-enhanced glioma grading. In order to distinguish between such vessels and the elevated cerebral blood volume (CBV) of brain tumors, we propose a vessel segmentation technique based on clustering of multiple ...

Quantitative analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MR imaging) has the power to provide information regarding physiologic characteristics of the microvasculature and is, therefore, of great potential value to the practice of oncology. In particular, these techniques could have a significant impact on the development of novel anticancer therapies as ...

PURPOSE: To prospectively determine clinical value of dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the evaluation of disease activity in perianal Crohn disease (CD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients provided written informed consent. Study approval was waived by an institutional review board. Thirty-three patients with perianal CD underwent pelvic MR ...

PURPOSE: To quantitatively assess the time course of changes of the renal volume and function in the early phase of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats using dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT). METHODS: The DCE-CT studies were performed in 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=6 for control and n=18 for STZ-treated group) ...

PURPOSE: To prospectively investigate whether combined interpretation of dynamic and hepatobiliary phase magnetic resonance (MR) images can improve the accuracy of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with either dynamic MR or multiphasic multidetector computed tomographic (CT) images alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review ...

PURPOSE: To determine mural perfusion dynamics in Crohn disease by using dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to correlate these with histopathologic markers of inflammation and angiogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ethical permission was given by the University College London Hospital ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from ...

The aim of our study was to provide a systematic literature review of clinical studies on pelvic organ prolapse staging with use of dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The databases EMBASE and PubMed were searched. Clinical studies were included in case they compared pelvic organ prolapse stages as assessed on ...

Pelvic floor dysfunctions involving some or all pelvic viscera are complex conditions that occur frequently and primarily affect adult women. Because abnormalities of the three pelvic compartments are frequently associated, a complete survey of the entire pelvis is necessary for optimal patient management, especially before surgical correction is attempted. With ...

PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of dynamic contrast-enhanced multidetector-row computed tomography (CT) and superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of small hepatic metastases of colorectal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 94 patients with colorectal carcinoma analyzed, 76 hepatic metastases (<2 cm) were diagnosed in 17 patients. ...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the imaging findings in patients with renal involvement of Polyarteritis nodosa (PN) to diagnose as early as possible. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four patients diagnosed as having PN participated in the present study. Two patients underwent abdominal dynamic CT, one underwent only pre- and post-contrast CT, and the ...

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: This study evaluates the agreement in prolapse staging between clinical examination, dynamic magnetic resonance (MR), imaging and perineal ultrasonography. METHODS: Anatomical landmarks in the anterior, central, and posterior compartment were assessed in relation to three reference lines on dynamic MR imaging and one reference line on dynamic ...

PURPOSE: To determine whether early assessment of cerebral microvessel injury can predict late neurocognitive dysfunction after brain radiation therapy (RT). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Ten patients who underwent partial brain RT participated in a prospective dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was acquired prior to, at weeks 3 ...