Diabetic mastopathy is a rare, benign clinico-pathological entity strongly associated with type I diabetes. X-ray mammography and ultrasonography are inadequate to distinguish this lesion from malignancy, leading to unnecessary excision biopsies. Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI and MR spectroscopy, powerful tools in the investigation of breast disease, can help solve this ...

BACKGROUND: Liver metastases from breast cancer are associated with a poor prognosis, however, local control with microwave thermocoagulation therapy has been used in certain subgroups of these patients in the past decade. In this study, open-configuration magnetic resonance (MR) -guided microwave thermocoagulation therapy was used for metastatic liver tumors from ...

This paper presents an approach for early breast cancer diagnostic by employing combination of artificial neural networks (ANN) and wavelet based subband image decomposition which detect microcalcification in digital mammograms. The microcalcifications correspond to high-frequency components of the image spectrum, detection of microcalcifications is achieved by decomposing the mammograms into ...

Automatic contouring for breast tumors using medical ultrasound (US) imaging may assist physicians, without relevant experience, in making correct diagnoses. This study utilizes the watershed transform and active contour model (ACM) to overcome the natural properties of US images, speckle, noise and tissue-related textures, to segment the breast tumors precisely. ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ultrasonographic features of breast masses using a computerized scheme and to correlate the feature values with radiologists' grading. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and seventy-five breast ultrasound images (one to five images per subject) from 61 women (age 17-89 years, mean 43 years) were ...

In this section, imaging findings of inflammatory breast carcinoma using the following modalities - mammography, ultrasonography, computerized tomography, and positron emission tomography - are described. Differential diagnoses are presented. The key finding in IBC is its inflammatory component, which can be well demonstrated on all of the modalities. Because no ...

Magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) has been developed as a new medical imaging modality providing high-resolution conductivity and current density images. This paper is about MREIT of the breast. To show the feasibility of breast MREIT, we carried numerical simulations and breast phantom experiments. We found that an anomaly ...

Breast Contrast-Enhanced MRI (ce-MRI) requires a series of images to be acquired before, and repeatedly after, intravenous injection of a contrast agent. Breast MRI segmentation based on the differential enhancement of image intensities can assist the clinician detect suspicious regions. Image registration between the temporal data sets is necessary to ...

A technique called in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can be performed along with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to obtain information about the chemical content of breast lesions. This information can be used for several clinical applications, such as monitoring the response to cancer therapies and improving the accuracy of ...

Over the past 5 years there has been a marked increase in the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast. Multiple research studies have confirmed improved cancer detection, diagnosis, and evaluation of response to therapy with breast MRI compared with mammography and ultrasound. As this exciting new technology ...

OBJECTIVE: Detection and characterization of microcalcification clusters in mammograms is vital in daily clinical practice. The scope of this work is to present a novel computer-based automated method for the characterization of microcalcification clusters in digitized mammograms. METHODS AND MATERIAL: The proposed method has been implemented in three stages: (a) ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: An artificial neural network (ANN)-based segmentation method was developed for dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the breast and compared with quantitative and empiric parameter mapping techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population was composed of 10 patients with seven malignant and three benign lesions undergoing ...

This study was performed to evaluate the utility of initial MRI in predicting the extent of residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The study population consisted of 70 patients with breast cancer (unilateral, n=69; bilateral, n=1) (mean age 51 years) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium enhancement both ...

Mammography is currently regarded as the most effective and widely used method for early detection of breast cancer, but recently its sensitivity in certain high risk cases has been less than desired. The use of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) has gained considerable attention in the past 10 ...

The exploration of novel imaging methods that have the potential to improve specificity for the identification of malignancy is still critically needed in breast imaging. Changes in physiologic alterations of soft tissue water associated with breast cancer can be visualized by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. However, it is unlikely that ...

Respiratory motion is well known to cause artifacts in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In MRS of the breast, the dominant artifact is not due to motion of the breast itself, but rather it is produced by B0 field distortions associated with respiratory motion of tissues in the chest and abdomen. ...

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare disease of the breast. Clinically and radiologically it may mimic breast carcinoma. We report a case of a 34-year-old female patient with this diagnosis, concentrating on magnetic resonance image MRI findings and its clinical application. There have been other reports on MRI findings in ...

PURPOSE: To determine whether the presence of extensive intraductal components (EIC) in breast carcinomas can be accurately evaluated on magnetic resonance (MR) images. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety-three women with breast cancer, aged between 32 and 79 years (mean 54 years), underwent three-dimensional dynamic MR imaging (dyMRI) with fat suppression and ...

PURPOSE: To prospectively assess accuracy of mammography, clinical examination, ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in preoperative assessment of local extent of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval and informed patient consent were obtained. Results of bilateral mammography, US, and contrast-enhanced MR imaging were analyzed from ...

PURPOSE: To investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of radiation-induced plexopathy (RIP) and radiation-induced fibrosis frequently associated with RIP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seven patients with late radiation sequelae in the supraclavicular region were examined with MRI after a median interval of 7 years (range, 5-18 years) following radiotherapy and 4-7 ...

Many disorders including congenital, degenerative, inflammatory, and neoplastic lesions are associated with low back pain. It is essential to differentiate between malignant disease and the more common causes of back pain. We report a man with low back and right groin pain as a result of metastatic breast carcinoma which ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of changing the region of interest (ROI) on early enhancement (EE) in dynamic breast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. METHODS: We evaluated retrospectively 102 breast lesions: 54 lesions (33 malignancies and 21 benignancies) studied with 2D and 48 lesions (30 and 18, respectively) with 3D gradient-echo ...

The authors retrospectively reviewed their clinical database for cases of breast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed in women who had undergone breast reconstruction with a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap. Patient histories, MR imaging results, and, when available, biopsy results were reviewed. During a 4-year period, 24 neobreasts were ...

Breasts are usually only incidentally included in computed tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen and chest in spite of the fact that pathologic findings are not rare. Because postpartum women are normally healthy, they rarely require examination; therefore, the presentation of lactating breasts on a CT scan is poorly known. ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying lesions unidentified on the craniocaudal projection. The authors reviewed five patients with suspicious mammographic lesions not imaged on the craniocaudal mammogram who were referred for contrast-enhanced MRI and underwent subsequent preoperative ...

MR imaging is emerging as a valuable adjunct to mammography and ultrasound for the evaluation of the breast. Breast MR imaging has high sensitivity for the detection of breast cancer but suffers from a relatively low specificity. There is growing experience with this imaging modality as applied to breast diseases ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the distributions of common and significant imaging findings from breast imagings at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Data was collected from every mammography performed from November 1, 2001 to October 31, 2002. The reports were analyzed and imaging findings were recorded. The ACR BI-RADS category ...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to search the accuracy and reproducibility of the Cavalieri method for the estimation of the breast prosthesis volume on magnetic resonance images (MRI). METHODS: Nine breast prostheses were scanned in axial and coronal section planes by MRI. The consecutive sections in 5-mm thickness ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) on radiologists' characterization of masses on serial mammograms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred fifty-three temporal image pairs (138 malignant and 115 benign) obtained from 96 patients who had masses on serial mammograms were evaluated. The temporal pairs were formed by matching ...

The purpose of this study was to quantify microcirculation and microvasculature in breast lesions by pharmacokinetic analysis of Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI series. Strongly T1-weighted MR images were acquired in 18 patients with breast lesions using a saturation-recovery-TurboFLASH sequence. Concentration-time courses were determined for blood, pectoral muscle, and breast masses and subsequently ...

The objective of this work was to develop a robotic device to perform biopsy and therapeutic interventions in the breast with real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance. The device was designed to allow for (i) stabilization of the breast by compression, (ii) definition of the interventional probe trajectory by setting ...

Macromolecular contrast medium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was applied to monitor the effect of matrix metalloprotease (MMP) inhibition on microvascular characteristics of human breast cancers implanted in athymic rats. Twice-daily intraperitoneal administration of Prinomastat over 1.5 days induced significant declines in MRI-assayed microvascular permeabilities (p<0.05); but this leak suppression effect had ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of dynamic multidetector-row CT (MDCT) in assessing residual cancer extent after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and to compare MDCT results with those derived from dynamic three-dimensional MRI using the volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MDCT before and after NAC was performed in ...

High spectral and spatial resolution (HiSS) MR data were acquired at 1.5 T using echo-planar spectroscopic imaging from patients with suspicious breast lesions. The water resonances in small voxels are inhomogenously broadened and often have distinct components. Images were calculated with intensity proportional to the Fourier components of the water ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a radiolucent cushioning pad during routine screening mammography to determine the degree of reduction in discomfort, any correlation of that reduction with various clinical factors, and the pad's impact on image quality, compression force, and radiation dose. A total ...

PURPOSE: To determine the perfusion-sensitive characteristics of cerebral dural metastases and compare them with the data on meningiomas. METHODS: Twenty-two patients presenting with dural tumor underwent conventional and dynamic susceptibility-contrast MR imaging: breast carcinoma metastases, two patients; colorectal carcinoma metastasis, one patient; lung carcinoma metastasis, one patient; Merkel carcinoma metastasis, ...

X-ray spectra are composed of a broad bremsspectrum and anode-characteristic emission lines. In mammography typically molybdenum (Mo), rhodium (Rh) or tungsten (W) anodes are used in combination with Mo, Rh or aluminium filters. Only the photons with energies between 17 and 22 keV of the resulting spectrum are suitable for ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate microcalcification detectability using CT mammography with a flat-panel imager. To achieve this, a computer simulation was developed to model an amorphous-silicon, CsI based flat-panel imager system using a linear cascaded model. The breast was modelled as a hemi-ellipsoid shape with composition of ...

PURPOSE: To investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to clinical palpation in the assessment of response of breast cancer to primary chemotherapy (PC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-three patients with T2-4, N0, M0 breast cancer were treated with 3-4 cycles of single agent epirubicin before definitive surgery. MRI was ...

This brief overview discusses which of the diagnostic options are more reliable and effective for breast cancer imaging with a view to avoiding the unjustified use of techniques that are suboptimal. The technological development of diagnostic imaging has been very impressive, and both radiological (mammography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance ...

Imaging examinations, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), play an important role in the diagnosis of breast implant complications. Two cases of retroprosthetic serous-like fluid collection, an unusual late complication that has not been described previously in the literature, are presented. It is important for radiologists to know the MRI findings ...

We report a case of migration of a surgical localization wire from the breast to the abdomen. A 41-year-old female underwent presurgical needle localization of a deep-sited left-sided breast lesion. Migration of the localization wire in the chest wall occurred during the procedure documented by imaging. Computed tomography (CT) examination ...

The first time-resolved optical mammograph operating beyond 900 nm (683, 785, 913, and 975 nm) is presently being used in a clinical trial to test the diagnostic potential of the technique in detecting and characterizing breast lesions. Between November 2001 and October 2002, 101 patients with malignant and benign lesions ...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to become a useful adjunct in breast imaging. Contrast-enhanced breast MRI has demonstrated a high sensitivity in the detection of benign and malignant breast disease. Our study aimed to correlate the dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI appearance of benign phyllodes tumor of the breast with ...

The advantages of breast MRI using contrast agent Gd-DTPA in the diagnosis of breast cancer have been well established. The variation of interpretation criteria and absence of interpretation guidelines, however, is a major obstacle for applications of MRI in the routine clinical practice of breast imaging. Our study aims to ...

The purpose of this work is to assess the additional benefit of MRI-based morphology and quantification of contrast enhancement in the differential diagnosis of sub-1cm breast lesions. Forty-three women with suspected breast cancer were examined using X-ray mammography, ultrasound mammography, and MRI. Dynamic contrast imaging was performed and relative enhancement ...

To investigate the use of MRI in preoperative characterization of invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) and in detection of multifocal/multicentric disease. We retrospectively reviewed T1-weighted FLASH 3D precontrast and postcontrast MR images together with subtraction images of 26 women with histopathologically proven invasive lobular cancer. Two experienced radiologists described tumor ...

CONTEXT: Different imaging methods can identify the integrity of breast implants and also the extent of possible silicone leakage. Mammography, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging are often used to evaluate the integrity of breast implants, usually in patients that are symptomatic for rupture. A group of clinically asymptomatic patients was ...

OBJECTIVE: We assessed performance changes of a mammographic computer-aided detection scheme when we restricted the maximum number of regions that could be identified (cued) as showing positive findings in each case. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A computer-aided detection scheme was applied to 500 cases (or 2,000 images), including 300 cases in ...

The application of texture analysis (TA) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) requires the availability of texture phantoms for use in the standardization of in vivo measurements. The aims of our study were (a) to develop a new type of phantoms suitable for MRI and TA and test their long-term stability; ...