In Japan, radiologists and radiologic technologists are endeavoring to improve the quality of lung CT screening. In particular, preliminary screening by radiologic technologists is expected to decrease radiologists' burden and improve the accuracy of CT screening. We considered that an application of computer-aided detection (CAD) would also be as useful ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Up to 50% of the participants in computer tomography (CT) lung cancer screening trials have at least one pulmonary nodule. The role of a conventional bronchoscopy in the work-up of suspicious screen-detected pulmonary nodules to date is unknown. If a bronchoscopic evaluation could be eliminated, the cost-effectiveness of a ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of four panoramic radiographic findings, both individually and in association, in predicting the absence of corticalization between the mandibular canal and the third molar on cone beam (CB) CT images. METHODS: The sample consisted of 72 individuals (142 mandibular ...

Lipomas are most common benign mensenchymal neoplasm composed of mature adipocytes. But they are relatively infrequent on the oral and maxillofacial regions. In the present report, we report a rare case of bilateral involvement classic lipoma of the tongue. The patient was a 71-year-old man with asymmetric soft tissue nodules ...

Coexistance of catamenial pneumothorax and hemoptysis is rare. We present a case of catamenial pneumothorax due to bilateral pulmonary endometriosis in a 45 year-old woman. The patient presented with a 3-year history of intermittent productive cough with blood-tinged sputum, chronic anemia, loss of appetite and general weakness associated with menstruation. ...

This paper briefly recounts the details of one of the first studies of whole brain, single subject variability in functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). In this paper I will not attempt to provide an overview of fMRI reliability, but will instead revisit the choices we made in performing our experiment ...

BACKGROUND: Patients attending for complex imaging examinations may experience anxiety and discomfort with associated poor satisfaction and reduced compliance. This may lead to poor quality imaging, repeat scans and nonattendance. Analysing and understanding patient experience to improve the quality of care is of paramount importance within the National Health Service; ...

The reference scan method is a simple yet powerful method for measuring spatial drift of the x-ray spot during a low-cone-angle μ-CT experiment. As long as the drift is smooth, and occurring on a time scale that is long compared to the acquisition time of each projection, this method provides ...

The three-dimensional spin structure of the magnetic vortex of FeSiB, an amorphous soft magnetic material, was investigated by holography observation and computer simulation. Magnetization distribution in the neighborhood of the vortex center was estimated from the phase distribution obtained by holography observation. To confirm this magnetization distribution, sample-tilting experiments were ...

Introduction: Metal artefacts seriously degrade the quality of the CT images. Blurring around the junctions between metal and non-metal regions in CT images, metal artefacts often prevent right diagnoses, and even lead to misdiagnoses of patients. The aim of the study was to devise a fast and robust method to ...

Four new and complementary three-dimensional triple-resonance experiments are described for obtaining complete backbone (1)H, (13)C, and (15)N resonance assignments of proteins uniformly enriched with (13)C and (15)N. The new methods all rely on (1)H detection and use multiple magnetization transfers through well-resolved one-bond J couplings. Therefore, the 3D experiments are ...

We report our experience in implementing CT multiplanar reformats (MPRs) to demonstrate the trajectory of penetrating trauma. It is an easily learned tool that can be conveniently and speedily applied in the fragments injury. We describe the detailed technique of performing MPRs, depicted by various examples. Furthermore, benefits and limitations ...

Purpose: In MRI-guided needle interventions, such as biopsies and brachytherapy, tissue deformation caused by needle movement may result in localization errors and thus hamper the outcome of the procedure. Monitoring the local tissue deformation provides the ability to compensate for it, e.g., by increasing the needle insertion depth. Fast MR ...

The selective excitation scheme known as 'DANTE' emerged from a confluence of several ideas for new NMR experiments, some more fanciful than others. DANTE offers a simple and effective way to restrict excitation to a very narrow frequency band, usually that of a single resonance line. Initially applied to the ...

A complete assignment of all resonances of a small organic molecule is a prerequisite for a structure determination using NMR spectroscopy. This is conventionally obtained using a well-established strategy based on COSY, HMQC and HMBC spectra. In case of phycocyanobilin (PCB) in HMPT this strategy was unsuccessful due to the ...

The discovery of BOLD fMRI at MGH in May 1991 was 1) built on the ongoing effort to develop new MR techniques for perfusion measurement with intrinsic blood contrast, 2) supported by the critical MGH expertise and experience on magnetic susceptibility and deoxyhemoglobin research, 3) inspired by the breakthrough in ...

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to use 7.1T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the correct anatomical position of a non-metallic glaucoma microstent following implantation in rabbit eyes. Materials and Methods: In an in vitro experiment three microstents (made from silicone, polyurethane, and nickel titanium) were embedded ...

ABSTRACT: SUMMARY: Proximal humerus fractures (PHF) are common injuries, but previous studies have documented poor inter-observer reliability in fracture classification. This disparity has been attributed to multiple variables including poor imaging studies and inadequate surgeon experience. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether inter-observer agreement can be improved ...

We report the study of a novel linear magneto-resistance (MR) under perpendicular magnetic fields in Bi2Se3 nanoribbons. Through angular dependence magneto-transport experiments, we show that this linear MR is purely due to two-dimensional (2D) transport, in agreement with the recently discovered linear MR from 2D topological surface state in bulk ...

BACKGROUND:: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode placement using interventional MRI has been previously reported using a commercially available skull mounted aiming device (Medtronic Nexframe MR) and native MRI scanner software. This first-generation method has technical limitations that are inherent to the hardware and software used. A novel system (SurgiVision ClearPoint) ...

While nuclear magnetic resonance diffusion experiments are widely used to resolve structures confining the diffusion process, it has been elusive whether they can exactly reveal these structures. This question is closely related to x-ray scattering and to Kac's "hear the drum" problem. Although the shape of the drum is not ...

We report the first proof-of-principle experiment of iterative phase retrieval from magnetic x-ray diffraction. By using the resonant x-ray excitation process and coherent x-ray scattering, we show that linearly polarized soft x rays can be used to image both the amplitude and the phase of magnetic domain structures. We recovered ...

In magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized (HP) noble gases, data is often acquired during prolonged gas delivery from a storage reservoir. However, little is known about the extent to which relaxation within the reservoir will limit the useful acquisition time. For quantitative characterization, (129)Xe relaxation was studied in a bag ...

We demonstrate that magnetic exchange force spectroscopy allows for a quantitative determination of the distance-dependent magnetic exchange interaction across a vacuum gap. Experiments were performed on the antiferromagnetic Fe monolayer on W(001) with magnetically sensitive tips and compared to first-principles calculations performed for different cluster tip models. For stable tips, ...

The cognitive neurosciences combine behavioral experiments with acquiring physiological data from different modalities, such as electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and functional magnetic resonance imaging, all of which require excellent timing. A simple framework is proposed in which uni- and multimodal experiments can be conducted with minimal adjustments when one ...

OBJECTIVES:: To demonstrate the feasibility of developing a fixed, dual-input, biologic liver phantom for dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging and to report initial results of use of the phantom for quantitative CT perfusion imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: Porcine livers were obtained from completed surgical studies and perfused with saline ...

BACKGROUND: To assess percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD) under real-time MRI-guidance and compare it to procedures performed under fluoroscopy. METHODS: We developed an in vitro model for MRI-guided and conventional PTCD, using an animal organ set including liver and bile ducts placed in an MRI-compatible box and tested it in a ...

OBJECTIVES:: The high sensitivity to motion artifacts is a major limiting factor for applying the dynamic 3D T1-weighted gradient-echo (3D T1w GRE) technique for dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) experiments in small rodents. Dynamic quantification of the relaxation rate R1 (1/T1) presents an alternative approach to reduce these ...

INTRODUCTION: Left atrial geometry provided by preprocedural MRI/CT imaging studies is often used to guide pulmonary vein isolation. Rapid 3D reconstruction of the left atrium (LA) can be obtained using multielectrode catheters in conjunction with electro-anatomical mapping (EAM) and can also be used to guide ablation. The objective of this ...

OBJECTIVE: In view of the implementation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an adjunct to ultrasonography (US) in prenatal diagnosis, this study sought to demonstrate normal penile growth on prenatal MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included MRI scans of 194 male fetuses (18 to 34 gestational weeks [GW]) ...

With technological advances in magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), spatial resolution of 1-mm perforating vessels can reliably be visualized and accurately located in reference to patients' anatomic landmarks without exposing patients to ionizing radiation or iodinated contrast, resulting in optimal perforator selection, improved flap design, and increased surgical efficiency. As their ...

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an established alternative treatment to surgery and intra-arterial chemotherapy, usually performed under contrast-enhanced CT scan guidance. We describe our experience with the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and contrast dynamics analysis for planning and monitoring RFA in a patient with HCC.

Combined positron emission tomography and computerized tomography (PET/CT) using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG) is the most effective study to identify invasion of pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph node chains in cancers of the uterine cervix. We report the case of a patient who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy and cytoreductive surgery for endometrial cancer; postoperative ...

BACKGROUND: Although multiple studies demonstrate benefits of high field imaging of cerebrovasculature, a detailed quantitative analysis of complete cerebrovascular system is unavailable. To compare quality of MR angiography (MRA) acquisitions at various field strengths, we used 3-dimensional (3D) geometric cerebrovascular models extracted from 1.5T/3T/7T scans. METHODS: The 3D cerebrovascular models ...

The common peroneal nerve (CPN), a major terminal branch of the sciatic nerve, can be subject to a variety of pathologies, which may affect the nerve at any level from the lumbar plexus to its distal branches. Although the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy is traditionally based on a patient's clinical ...

A homospin ladder-like chain, [Co(Hdhq)(OAc)](n) (1; H(2)dhq = 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline), shows a single-chain-magnet-like (SCM-like) behavior with the characteristics of frequency dependence of the out-of-phase component in alternating current (ac) magnetic susceptibilities and hysteresis loops.

DNA-templated nanoparticle (NP) chains were examined as potential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents using in vitro environments of the extracellular matrix and tissue. A 3-Tesla clinical MRI scanner was utilized to examine and compare image contrast enhancement caused by dispersed NPs, DNA-templated NP chains, gold-superparamagnetic multi-component NP chains, and ...

: Reconstruction of the thoracolumbar spine after corpectomy is a challenge for fractures, infections, and tumors. : To analyze fusion rates, clinical outcomes, and the percent of vertebral body coverage achieved by using stackable carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone cages in thoracolumbar corpectomies, and to measure the actual size of the cages ...

Thoracic duct computed tomography (CT) lymphangiograms were performed on seven clinically normal dogs. The appearance of the thoracic duct system was compared following administration of contrast medium through a mesenteric lymphatic vessel vs. ultrasound guided percutaneous injection into a popliteal lymph node using helical and sequential CT acquisition modes. The ...

Recent functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have suggested atypical functional connectivity and reduced integrity of long-distance white matter fibers in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, evidence for short-distance white matter fibers is still limited, despite some speculation of potential sparing of local connectivity in ...

A bifid ureter with a blind-ending branch is a rare congenital anomaly. Although typically found incidentally, this anomaly can be symptomatic and radiologists should be aware of this important variant. To our knowledge, there has been no previous report of this anomaly as seen on multidetector CT urography. We present ...

The purpose of this study is to determine whether intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) exerts a "decompressive" effect that limits intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) enlargement. Retrospective review of patients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH diagnosed within 6 h of onset, who underwent follow-up head CT approximately 48 h later. Digital imaging analysis of CT scans was ...

PURPOSE: To clarify the imaging characteristics of ovarian serous surface papillary borderline tumor (SSPBT), whose prognosis is far better than that of serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma (SSPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and imaging findings of six cases (age range, 26-58 years; mean, 43 years) with SSPBT ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between radiation dose reduction and volume scan length for prospectively ECG-gated 320-MDCT angiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. MDCT with prospective ECG gating was performed at one of the three volume scan lengths depending on heart length. Of ...

Cavernous angiomas are responsible for intracranial hemorrhages, but bleeding is infrequently confined to the subarachnoid space. We describe an elderly, yet healthy man who sought medical attention for subarachnoid hemorrhage. Vascular imaging failed to reveal a cerebral aneurysm, however magnetic resonance imaging done late in the course showed a cavernous ...

Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) is a rare neuroepithelial tumor which includes 2 types. Type 1: A 12-year-old boy presented with headache and vomiting. MRI showed the diffuse long T2 signal intensity without enhancement in the right hemisphere. ¹¹C-Methionine PET showed local intense tracer accumulation. Type 2: A 59-year-old woman presented with ...

Computed tomographic (CT) lymphography was performed in cats using percutaneous ultrasound-guided injection of contrast medium into a mesenteric lymph node. The thoracic duct and its branches were clearly delineated in CT images of seven cats studied. The thoracic duct was characterized by anatomic variation and appeared as single or multiple ...

Intermolecular multiple-quantum coherences (iMQCs) can generate NMR signals from exceedingly small dipolar interactions between distant spins in solutions. In the last few years, these signals have been used for a wide range of applications in imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy. Recent applications include MRI contrast enhancement, suppression of inhomogeneous broadening in ...

Our overarching objective is to provide a comprehensive analysis of goiter data in two paired articles. This first article focuses on the preoperative evaluation. The following null hypotheses have been tested: 1) there is no correlation between goiter size and preoperative symptoms, 2) there is no correlation between preoperative neck ...

Ligamentum flavum hematoma (LFH) is a very rare condition of dural compression; most are observed in the mobile cervical and lumbar spine regions. A 67-year-old man who had a long level interbody fusion at L3-S1 four years ago presented with symptoms suggestive of dural compression. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a ...