We report a case of tuberculous peritonitis in a 24-year-old male patient. On admission, he was complaining of abdominal fullness and fever. Ultrasound tomography and computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen showed massive ascites with multiple septa. The most interesting feature of this case was the diffuse and intense ...

We reviewed the 1996 issues of Radiology and American Journal of Roentgenology to appreciate the number of phantom studies published. There were 11 studies involving living animals and 51 other phantom studies. The categories chest, CT and MR, and musculoskeletal contained more than 10% of phantom studies in both journals. ...

The purpose of this review was to define the role of spiral CT in the diagnosis and clinical management of patients with mediastinal infections resulting from extension of anterior chest wall infections. The review focuses on determining the frequency of mediastinal extension of chest wall infections as well as to ...

PURPOSE: To quantify the imaging findings of 17 patients with central nervous system (CNS) paracoccidioidomycosis. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of the clinical data, films, and laboratory findings of 17 patients with CNS paracoccidioidomycosis. The clinical data were obtained by medical records review. Plain chest films, cranial computed tomography scans (CT), and ...

A 79-year-old woman was admitted to hospital due to a four-month history of a cough and dyspnea on exertion. Chest CT scans revealed ground glass opacity with thickened interlobular septa in both lungs. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) had milky appearance and revealed large acellular eosinophilic amorphous bodies positively stained with ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The goals of this study were to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive accuracy of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET-FDG) imaging in detecting metastatic disease involvement of pleura and/or presence of malignant pleural effusion in patients with proven lung cancer. We wanted to compare efficacy of PET-FDG ...

We report a case of blunt traumatic rupture of the right hemidiaphragm with liver herniation. A 57-year-old man admitted in an emergency after a traffic accident was suspected from chest radiography and computed tomography to have traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. Magnetic resonance imaging was helpful in the final diagnosis. Thoracoscopy was ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the relative diagnostic accuracy of radiologists in the interpretation of CT scans using a computer workstation in comparison with using film. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four board-certified radiologists with extensive soft-copy experience interpreted 117 CT scans in four anatomic regions using films ...

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the capacity of chest radiography and CT to determine the cause and site of bleeding in patients with either large or massive hemoptysis compared with bronchoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the chest radiographs, CT scans, and bronchoscopic findings in 80 patients with either large or massive ...

To investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of eosinophilic pleural effusion in patients with paragonimiasis, we measured the levels of various chemokines including thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), eotaxin, RANTES and IL-8 in pleural effusion samples. Samples were obtained from 11 patients with Paragonimus westermani infection, six patients with pleural transudate, eight ...

This review discusses real-time pulmonary ultrasonography (US) for the practicing pulmonologist. US supplements chest radiography and chest CT scanning. Major advantages include bedside availability, absence of radiation, and guided aspiration of fluid-filled areas and solid tumors. Pulmonary vessels and vascular supply of consolidations may be visualized without contrast. US may ...

The use in Switzerland of three chest X-ray imaging modalities is studied. The frequency and dosimetric aspects associated with chest radiography, chest CT, and photofluorography are investigated and the Swiss figures are compared with those of other countries. The frequencies are established by means of a nationwide survey performed in ...

BACKGROUND: Persistent pneumoperitoneum after a laparoscopic operation can represent either residual postoperative pneumoperitoneum or free intraperitoneal gas released from the gastrointestinal tract. This animal study was conducted to better characterize the extent and duration of postoperative pneumoperitoneum as detected by computed tomography (CT). METHODS: Five pigs underwent cholecystectomy, four laparoscopically ...

Mediastinal abscess resulting from descending necrotizing mediastinitis is a rare infectious process. Odontogenic infections are the most commonly implicated underlying process. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis is a rapidly progressive infectious process that spreads through the fascial planes of the neck to gain access to the mediastinum. Early recognition of descending necrotizing ...

Chest metastases and second primaries are not uncommon in patients with head and neck cancer. Early detection of a second site of malignant disease may alter prognosis and management. This study assessed the diagnostic yield of chest radiographs compared with computerized tomography (CT) in a series of patients with head ...

Asbestos-related neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases of the lungs and pleura range from pleural effusion and pleural plaques to lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma. Pleural effusions are typically hemorrhagic exudates of mixed cellularity but do not typically contain asbestos bodies. The classic distribution of pleural plaques seen on chest radiographs is ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to describe the chest radiographic and high-resolution CT findings in patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome and to correlate the radiologic findings with age, causative gene, and pulmonary function. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-seven patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome underwent high-resolution CT of the chest. A scoring ...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the plain chest radiographic and CT findings of superficial endobronchial lung cancer and to correlate these with the findings of histopathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved 19 consecutive patients with pathologically proven lung cancer confined to the bronchial wall. Chest radiographs and CT scans were reviewed ...

A survey to evaluate the preferred patterns of management of Stage I seminoma was conducted during March 2001. The questionnaire was distributed by the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists to all qualified radiation oncologists, 74 out of 170 responded. All performed a staging CT scan of the ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to describe the radiologic findings to diagnose congenital bronchial atresia. METHODS: Chest radiographs, CT scans, and MRI of nine patients with congenital bronchial atresia were reviewed. RESULTS: Six patients (67%) had hilar mass-like shadows and hyperlucency of the peripheral lung field on chest ...

OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to evaluate the process of cavity formation in Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC) lung infection, pathologically and clinically. METHODS: Using resected lung specimens, we first evaluated the distribution of MAC as well as the distribution of myofibroblasts in MAC lung infection according to several ...

For the inexperienced interpreter of chest radiographs, the normal scapula can mimic some very common and potentially serious abnormalities. Failure to recognize this normal bony structure can lead to needless diagnostic work up and treatment. The potentially mimicked abnormalities fall into 3 major categories: lung parenchymal abnormalities, pleural abnormalities, and ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the detection of small peripheral lung tumors on chest radiographs on the basis of the size of the tumor and its extent of ground-glass opacity (GGO) at thin-section computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs of 75 patients with peripheral carcinomas 20 mm in diameter or ...

We report two patients who were long-time habitual consumers of alcohol and suffered from thoracopancreatic fistula. The first patient, a 52-year-old man with no symptoms, underwent chest CT scan for a medical check-up and was revealed to have left small pleural effusion. A month later, he suddenly experienced severe cough ...

A 19-year-old woman, who delivered a macerated stillborn at 32 weeks' gestation and had persistent postpartum vaginal bleeding, presented with a left hemiparesis three and a half months after delivery. A clinical diagnosis of persistent gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) was made, based on quantitative serum beta-hCG of more than 200,000 ...

AIM: To compare computed chest tomography (chest CT) and routine chest X-rays for the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with presumed tuberculous retinal vasculitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Case reports. RESULTS: Three patients underwent a detailed workup for uveitis. Routine chest X-rays showed normal lung fields in all cases with ...

The time differences between digital and conventional radiography for emergency patients were investigated, and clinician satisfaction with the two modalities was compared. Time-motion data was collected daily over 5 weeks for a digital group and a conventional X-ray group. For standardization purposes, only emergency patients requiring chest X-rays were selected ...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of pneumothorax (PTX) as a complication of computerized tomography guided fine needle aspirates (CT-FNA) of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) varies from 8-61%. It has been suggested that the practice of obtaining a delayed chest radiograph in patients who have undergone CT-FNA of SPN is not cost effective ...

Magnetic resonance imaging of the lung tissue is thought to be hardly possible due to physical limitations especially the low proton density, susceptibility, and motion artifacts. The objective of our study was to evaluate and refine a very fast MR technique at a low field strength which overcomes the limitations ...

Chest trauma is one of the most important causes of death, in particular in individuals under the age of 40 years. The mortality rate for chest trauma, often related to motor vehicle accidents, is approximately 15.5%; it increases dramatically to 77% with associated shock and head injury (Glasgow scores of ...

AIM: to draw the attention to upper abdominal abnormalities, which may be revealed incidentally in patients referred for a chest computed tomography (CT) after cardiac surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed prospectively and retrospectively the CT results of all patients referred for a chest CT, with suspected sternal infection or ...

This study aimed to describe and correlate the chest radiography and CT findings of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease in immunocompetent patients. 26 patients fulfilled The American Thoracic Society criteria for MAC lung disease and underwent chest radiography and CT within 6 weeks of positive cultures. All abnormalities and ...

OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with 3 cases of vertebral sarcoidosis (VS) and review the available literature. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 3 patients with VS, with special emphasis on radiologic imaging. The literature was reviewed using the MEDLINE database. RESULTS: In 2 cases, VS was the first manifestation of sarcoidosis. ...

BACKGROUND: This study sought to evaluate routine chest radiography following placement of tunneled central lines using combined ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance. Materials and METHODS: A prospective study of 150 consecutive patients who underwent placement of tunneled central lines in the vascular radiology suite. Ultrasound-guided vein puncture was performed with an ...

In the evaluation of asbestos-related pulmonary and pleural abnormalities, conventional chest radiography has been shown to have a low sensitivity for the detection of lung nodules and subtle interstitial disease. Pleural plaques may simulate pulmonary nodules, and interstitial processes can be masked by adjacent pleural abnormalities. Dual-energy digital subtraction chest ...

Myxoma protruding from the chest wall into the thoracic cavity is very rare. We report our experience in treating a 42-year-old man admitted for a painless mass on the anterior chest wall. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a sharply defined 5 x 4 x 4 cm mass protruding from the chest ...

Imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The diagnosis is often suggested by a unilateral pleural mass with a moderate to large pleural effusion seen on chest radiographs, but computerized tomography (CT) is the most frequently used technique for ...

The radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) findings in two patients with documented inhalational anthrax resulting from bioterrorism exposure are presented. Chest radiographs demonstrated mediastinal widening, adenopathy, pleural effusions, and air-space disease. Chest CT images revealed enlarged hyperattenuating mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes and edema of mediastinal fat. Chest CT findings ...

Computed tomography (CT) remains the main imaging technique for the preoperative staging and post-therapeutic evaluation of bronchogenic carcinoma. Spiral CT has already overcome some of the problems encountered with central or more extensive tumours. Multislice CT offers further improvement and allows for scanning of the whole chest within a single ...

The role of computed tomography (CT), including high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), is still evolving in children. Radiation dose is an important consideration, but CT has advantages over chest radiography as it is more sensitive and specific for a variety of conditions affecting the pulmonary parenchyma. Careful attention to CT technique ...

Although computed tomography (CT) is used primarily for diagnosis in humans, it can also be used to diagnose disease in veterinary patients. CT and associated three-dimensional reconstruction have a role in diagnosis of a range of illnesses in a variety of animals. In a sea turtle with failure to thrive, ...

The staging of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to detect mediastinal lymph node (MLN) metastases is very important for determining the therapeutic strategy. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with proven NSCLC were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent chest computed tomography (CT) and technetium-99m (Tc-99m) tetrofosmin chest single photon emission computed tomography ...

BACKGROUND: Published practice guidelines recommend routine chest computed tomography (CT) scanning as part of the staging evaluation for patients with T2 soft tissue sarcomas (STS), although there is no direct evidence to support this practice. The objective of this study was to determine the yield and cost-effectiveness of routine versus ...

We present herein a rare case of mediastinal cavernous hemangioma in a 5-year-old boy. The patient was referred to our hospital for an evaluation of cough and high fever. On admission, a chest computed tomogram and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large tumor arising from the left-sided mediastinum which compressed ...

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare disease characterized by the presence of osseous and cartilaginous submucosal nodules in the tracheobronchial tree. The majority of patients remain asymptomatic; however, a small number develop severe airway stenosis. Symptoms may include dyspnea, hoarseness, cough, hemoptysis, and recurrent pneumonia. Plain chest X-ray films are ...

PURPOSE: To describe the imaging features of chest wall mesenchymal hamartoma with emphasis on cross-sectional imaging and comparison with histopathologic results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For 14 mesenchymal hamartomas of the chest wall in 12 children, radiologic studies (computed tomographic [CT] scans [n = 14], radiographs [n = 11], magnetic resonance ...

SUMMARY: Radiology has been abounding with technological advances since the chest film first became the mainstay in diagnosing thoracic disease, and yet the conventional chest examination has endured as a front-line tool. The ability to perceive structural alterations is facilitated by a solid foundation in anatomy, which should be easy ...

PURPOSE: To describe a clinical scenario consistent with the diagnosis of cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE) acquired during an outpatient bronchoscopy. Our discussion explores the mechanisms and diagnosis of CAGE and the role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy. CLINICAL FEATURES: A diagnostic bronchoscopy was performed on a 70-yr-old man who had ...

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the recent advances in computed tomography (CT) and to present a simplified approach to CT of the chest to facilitate the understanding and diagnosis of common acute thoracic abnormalities in the critically ill patient. DATA SOURCES: Published articles and texts on thoracic disorders and CT diagnosis. SUMMARY ...

BACKGROUND: A major cause of morbidity and mortality after blunt chest trauma remains undetected injuries. This study evaluates the role of routine computed tomographic (CT) scan. METHODS: We studied 93 consecutive patients from January 1999 to July 2000: 73 (76.3%) after motor vehicle crash with crash speed > 10 mph, ...