PURPOSE: To determine whether current perception threshold (CPT) varied between subjects with and without carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and whether positioning in wrist extension (reversed Phalen's test) was provocative. METHOD: Subjects (n=30) were tested using the Neurometer (Neutron, Inc., Baltimore, MD) at 5, 250, and 2,000 Hz in a rest ...

Pain, weakness, and sensory loss occur frequently in the hypothenar eminence. However, clinical examination is difficult and nonspecific, and the prescribed imaging technique may be inadequate, or images may be misinterpreted. Different imaging modalities have various degrees of usefulness for the diagnosis of painful pathologic conditions of the hypothenar eminence. ...

Sports-related injuries to the wrist range from minor sprains to severe soft tissue disruption that can pose a risk to the normal function of the upper extremity. It is important to identify the specific nature of such injuries so as to establish an accurate diagnosis and deliver appropriate treatment. MRI ...

PURPOSE: To develop clinical diagnostic criteria for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) that modeled the clinical diagnostic practices of experts. METHODS: Fifty-seven clinical findings associated with CTS had been ranked previously in order of diagnostic importance using Delphi as a method of establishing consensus among a panel of expert clinicians. The ...

Ulnar-sided wrist pain has long been a diagnostic problem, partly because of the complex anatomy and many possible causes of pain in this region. This article discusses anatomy, pathophysiology, and imaging appearance of the more common causes, including tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex, disorders of the distal radioulnar joint, ...

Background. Results of operative treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) depend on many factors including age and stage of disease. The aim of the study was to research influences of age and stage of carpal tunnel syndrome on single portal endoscopic carpal tunnel release outcomes. Material and methods. The examined ...

Osteoid osteoma rarely develops in the wrist. The symptoms resemble atypical tenosynovitis, with variations according to the location of the tumor. As a result, diagnostic wanderings are common. In addition, the pain may seem related to an injury, as illustrated by two cases reported herein. Conventional investigations often fail to ...

The adsorption of nickel(II) octaethylporphyrin (NiOEP) from benzene and chloroform solutions on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) was investigated with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) operated in ambient conditions. STM images show that NiOEP self-assembles on the graphite surface and that the molecules lie flat and form 2D lattices with ...

OBJECTIVES: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is common in the industrial setting but there are still some advocates who argue that CTS is not a work related problem. There are also controversies about the proper way to establish the diagnosis and whether screening for CTS in the industrial setting is warranted. ...

Median-ulnar comparative studies (MUCSs) play an important role in the electrodiagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), but diagnostic criteria in patients with underlying axonal polyneuropathy have not been established. We prospectively evaluated 28 patients with axonal polyneuropathy (48 hands), blindly dichotomized into CTS cases and controls, using the lumbrical-interosseous motor ...

The current study aimed to investigate the impact of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) on sympathetic skin response (SSR) recorded from the median and ulnar territory. Thirty patients were studied and idiopathic CTS was documented in a total of 46 hands. These were classified, according to electrophysiological criteria, into two groups; ...

PURPOSE: To determine the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting the tendinous connection in Linburg-Comstock anomaly. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 52 patients attending the orthopedic clinic for different hand problems. They were also examined for the presence of Linburg-Comstock anomaly, which was present in nine, and ...

PURPOSE: Traditional evaluation of suspected carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) involves a thorough history, physical examination, and nerve conduction velocity studies (NCS). Ultrasound is used widely in Europe and has gained acceptance in the United States in the diagnosis of various musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose of this study was to document ...

Scapholunate joint takes approximately 80% of axial and rotational wrist load. Lesion of scaphoid ligaments leads to its instability especially in dorsal flexion and ulnar deviation mechanism. Increase of scapholunate gap can be found in 19% of patient with wrist injury, 2 of them needs surgical intervention because of severe ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to describe the appearance of tenosynovitis in various tendon groups in the wrist and hand and to compare MR enhanced and non-enhanced imaging evaluation of tenosynovitis of hand and wrist in inflammatory arthritis. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We reviewed 72 MRI studies of hands ...

In this review, seven studies using photoradiation to treat carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) are discussed: two controlled studies that observed real laser to have a better effect than sham laser, to treat CTS; three openprotocol studies that observed real laser to have a beneficial effect to treat CTS; and two ...

Celiac axis compression syndrome has generated much controversy since its original description in 1963. The main symptoms are postprandial epigastric abdominal pain, regurgitation of undigested food, and weight loss, all of which are caused by gastric ischemia from impingement of the celiac axis by the median arcuate ligament of the ...

OBJECTIVE: The initial purpose of this study was to establish a normal data set for median nerve studies in industrial workers using NC-stat technology. METHODS: Sixteen hundred ninety-five persons applying for employment at a single heavy industry plant without symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) were studied. RESULTS: Values for ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the sensitivity of median wrist-palm motor conduction velocity (W-P MCV) with those of standard sensory conduction techniques in the electrodiagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHODS: This study included 280 consecutively suspected CTS patients (360 hands) referred for evaluation and 150 volunteers who served as controls. We ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings in the wrists of asymptomatic subjects that might be confused with pathologic findings. DESIGN: MR examination of the dominant wrist was performed in 30 asymptomatic volunteers aged 22-49 years using pre-contrast and post-contrast sequences in the coronal and axial planes. The bases ...

OBJECTIVE: To use demographic and clinical data to identify the clinical pattern that best predicts the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), as defined by neurophysiologic studies. METHODS: A diagnostic cross-sectional study in 2535 consecutive patients (3907 upper limbs) older than 12 years old who were referred for nerve conduction ...

This review addresses the pathoanatomical basics as well as the clinical and radiological presentation of instability patterns of the wrist. Carpal instability mostly follows an injury; however, other diseases, like CPPD arthropathy, can be associated. Instability occurs either if the carpus is unable to sustain physiologic loads ("dyskinetics") or suffers ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare tissue harmonic imaging (THI) and conventional (fundamental) sonography in the evaluation of the scapholunate ligament (SLL). METHODS: The bilateral SLL of 3 patients with unilateral SLL rupture and the bilateral SLL of 20 volunteers without history of trauma were examined. THI ...

Acrocephalosyndactyly, or Apert's syndrome, described nearly a century ago, is a craniofacial dysostosis, an autosomal dominant condition characterized by severe development disturbances of the craniofacial region including bilateral coronal synostosis associated with midface hypoplasia, exophthalmia, hypertelorism, symmetric syndactyly of the hands and feet, cone-shaped calvarium, pharyngeal attenuation and malocclusion. The ...

AIMS: Knowledge of the complex three-dimensional anatomy of the right atrium is mandatory for the electrophysiologist and interventional cardiologist, but its understanding remains difficult. We hypothesized that the left hand, loosely clenched, is a good three-dimensional model to understand the position of the different anatomical and electrical regions in the ...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of brain function is used in neurorehabilitation to gain insight into the mechanisms of neural recovery following neurological injuries such as stroke. The behavioral paradigms involving the use of force motor tasks utilized in the scanner often lack the ability to control details of motor ...

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common entrapment neuropathy of the median nerve characterized by paresthesias and pain in the first, second, and third digits. We hypothesize that aberrant afferent input in CTS will lead to cortical plasticity. Functional MRI (fMRI) and neurophysiological testing were performed on CTS patients and ...

We compared excitability of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) motoneuron pool in subjects with and without carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The study involved 11 subjects with chronic idiopathic CTS and 11 asymptomatic subjects as controls. The H-reflex and M-response of FCR muscle were obtained by stimulating the median nerve in ...

This study evaluated the upper limb, dynamic, mechanical response parameters for 14 male assembly workers recruited from selected jobs based on power tool use. It was hypothesized that the type of power tool operation would affect stiffness, effective mass, and damping of the upper extremity; and workers with symptoms and ...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively compare the presence or absence of carpal instability on radiographs with the findings of magnetic resonance (MR) arthrographic evaluation of intrinsic and extrinsic ligament tears in patients with chronic wrist pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The institutional review board approved this study and did not require informed consent. ...

Work-related upper extremity disorders can pose a diagnostic and management challenge because the nontraumatic disorders that are often believed to be caused by repetitive work activities can and do occur without any apparent provoking activity and can be caused or associated with many systemic medical conditions. One mainstay in the ...

The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro the efficacy of nickel-titanium K3 rotary files and hand files for removal of gutta-percha and sealer from obturated root canals using either chloroform or chlorhexidine as solvents. Sixty extracted single-rooted bovine teeth with straight, large canals were prepared, obtured and ...

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is an important problem among computer professionals. Hence the prevalence of CTS among computer professionals and risk factors were studied. 648 subjects were selected from 4,276 computer professionals from 21 companies by with simple random sampling method. CTS was diagnosed based on clinical features. The prevalence ...

BACKGROUND: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common occupational disorder associated with repetitive manual work. Little information exists about the possible relation between the variation of biomechanical hand/wrist exposure and the development of symptoms and median nerve conduction values. AIMS: To investigate the prevalence of CTS in a group of ...

Based on the presence of a facet for the hamate two types of lunate bone have been described in the wrist; type I is without a facet for the hamate while type II bears a facet on the medial surface for articulation with the proximal pole of the hamate. Compared ...

OBJECTIVES: To examine whether patients with arthritic diseases and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) have increased cross-sectional areas of the median nerves measured by ultrasonography (US). Enlarged cross-sectional areas have previously been found in non-arthritic patients with idiopathic CTS. METHODS: During 1 yr, all 12 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or ...

OBJECTIVE: Dialysis-related amyloidosis occurs secondarily to the deposition of beta(2)-microglobulin. Dialysis-related amyloidosis predominantly involves the osteoarticular system and is clinically manifested by erosive and destructive osteoarthropathies, destructive spondyloarthropathy, and carpal tunnel syndrome. This article illustrates the radiographic, sonographic, CT, and MRI findings of dialysis-related amyloid arthropathies. CONCLUSION: Dialysis-related amyloidosis is ...

OBJECTIVE: Concerning prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and the difficulties with electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS), this study was designed to evaluate the power of somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) in CTS diagnosis among Iranian patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: SSEP was performed on 100 asymptomatic hands of 50 ...

PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of anatomic variations of the hook of hamate and to evaluate its association with the development of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHODS: Radiographs of 3,218 hands (2,070 patients) were evaluated. This group included 2,866 hands diagnosed with CTS and 352 hands without the diagnosis of ...

The advent of ultra-high-frequency sonographic transducers has significantly enhanced our ability to image superficial structures. As a result, sonography now can be used to assess injuries of the tendons in the wrist and hand. A clear understanding of normal sonographic anatomy is required to prevent misdiagnosis and ensure optimal patient ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of symptoms and signs suggestive of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) in women aged 60 years or less, with unambiguous carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHODS: The CTS was clinically and electrodiagnostically defined in 100 upper limbs. Clinical and electrophysiological symptoms and signs suggestive of TOS, true ...

BACKGROUND: Work-related carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a leading cause of disability. There is a need for information about temporal trends, clinical practices, and treatment outcomes. METHODS: A population based, retrospective cohort study of Washington State workers' compensation claims for CTS was initiated focusing on claims filed during 1990-1994, followed ...

In idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the median nerve is enlarged within the carpal tunnel due to intraneural connective tissue proliferation. Because hypercholesterolemia, especially increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), has been associated with fibrogenesis, we investigated the association of median nerve cross-sectional area and prevalence of idiopathic CTS with serum ...

BACKGROUND: A facile electromyographic test in the outpatient clinic is needed to evaluate the outcome of screening for carpal tunnel syndrome. The purpose of the current prospective study was to compare the accuracy of Nervepace digital electroneurometer (Nervepace) and Dantec Neuromatic 2000M (Dantec) measurements of a wide range of distal ...

In 1984, we initiated a prospective study of factors associated with research-defined carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in 471 industrial workers. Medical history, lifestyle factors and job tasks were assessed by questionnaire and CTS case status was based on both symptoms and electrophysiologic findings. Participants were re-examined in 1989, 1994 to ...

The aim of this study was to compare the intra-articular volumes of the wrist's joint measured by CT-arthrography and by dissection on ten cadavers. A good correlation was found between CT-arthrography and dissection in the assessment of the intra-articular volume of both wrist joints. A volume of 1.34 (+/-0.46) milliliter ...

Chronic lower leg pain results from various conditions, most commonly, medial tibial stress syndrome, stress fracture, chronic exertional compartment syndrome, nerve entrapment, and popliteal artery entrapment syndrome. Symptoms associated with these conditions often overlap, making a definitive diagnosis difficult. As a result, an algorithmic approach was created to aid in ...

The aim of this study is to grade the intraoperative findings seen in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) based on severity, and compare it with clinical and electrodiagnostic severity. Thirty-one hands surgically treated for CTS were graded according to the severity of clinical signs, and electrodiagnostic tests. Oedema, vascularisation, and fibrosis ...

The influence of chemical modification of scanning tunnelling microscopy tips on image contrast is studied. This technique is applied to the identification of an ester functional group, hardly visible otherwise. Self-assembled overlayers of wax esters [CH3-(CH2)14-CO-O-(CH2)15-CH3], adsorbed at the interface between highly oriented pyrolitic graphite and a solution of phenyloctane, ...

The diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is mainly based on clinical findings and electrodiagnostic tests (EDT). However, EDT results do not support clinical findings in some cases. It has been recently suggested that ultrasonography (US) can be used to diagnose CTS. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether ...