PURPOSE: To correlate the radiographic measurement, cord diameter shown on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and clinical hand sign of cervical myelopathic patients. METHODS: Patients with clinical cervical myelopathy who had had MRI in Kwong Wah Hospital between January 2001 and December 2002 were enlisted. Their cervical spine radiographs and clinical ...

OBJECTIVES: Schwannomas are benign, slow-growing tumors that arise from nerves. Those originating from the sympathetic cervical chain are rare. We describe our experience with the clinical presentation, surgical management, and outcomes of patients with this pathology. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of a case series in a tertiary referral center. ...

CONTEXT: Deep neck infections have high potential for severe complications and even death, if not properly managed. The difference between clinical and computed tomography findings may demonstrate that clinical evaluation alone underestimates disease extent, which may lead to conservative treatment with worse prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical and computed tomography ...

BACKGROUND: Total spondyloptosis of the cervical spine is a very rare injury. The authors describe an unusual case of post-traumatic total spondyloptosis of the cervical spine at C7-T1 level. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 40-year-old man presented with weakness of all four limbs, impaired sensations in all limbs and neck pain after ...

Cross-sectional imaging with CT and MR imaging plays a crucial role in the evaluationof cancers of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. Clinical examination, includingendoscopy, often fails to detect the full extent of this tumor as it has high propensity togrow in submucosal fashion. Detailed description of the cross-sectional anatomy and ...

A postal questionnaire survey of neurosurgery and spinal injury departments in the UK was conducted to determine how they assessed the cervical spine in unconscious, adult trauma patients, and at what point immobilisation was discontinued. Of the 32 units contacted, 27 responded (response rate, 84%). Most centres had no protocols ...

STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cohort study of clinically asymptomatic spondylotic cervical cord compression cases with the primary end point of the development of clinical signs of cervical myelopathy. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether various demographic, clinical, radiologic, and electrophysiological parameters could predict progression from clinically asymptomatic (preclinical) spondylotic cervical cord ...

We present a Korean case of Hirayama disease with its typical neuroradiological findings of forward displacement of cervical dural sac and compression of the lower cervical cord during neck flexion. A 15-yr-old boy was presented with a one-year history of progressive weakness and atrophy affecting bilateral hands and forearms. The ...

Atlanto-axial rotatory displacement is known to be a cause of childhood torticollis and may as well be responsible for chronic neck pain after rear-end automobile collisions. The objective was to determine whether quantification of C2 malrotation is possible by plain radiographs in comparison to CT as the golden standard. MR ...

Congenital and developmental osseous abnormalities of the cervical spine can result in neural compression ranging from the medulla oblongata to the cervicothoracic spinal cord junction. These may present in infancy as scoliosis and even limb weakness. A high index of suspicion is essential. Neurodiagnostic imaging relies on high-resolution computerized tomography ...

OBJECTIVE: Prospective, observational case series evaluating the value of cervical spine computed tomography (CT) scans in the initial evaluation of a helmeted football player with suspected cervical spine injury. SUBJECTS: Five asymptomatic male football players, fully equipped and immobilized on a backboard. DESIGN: Multiple 3.0-mm, helically acquired, axially displayed CT ...

Despite its reduced use since the advent of magnetic resonance imaging, the high cervical myelogram remains a common diagnostic test in the evaluation of patients whose symptoms suggest cervical stenosis. We report a case of subarachnoid hematoma, hydrocephalus, and aseptic meningitis after a high cervical myelogram. A 52-year-old woman presented ...

A 32-year-old male presented with progressive weakness and numbness of both upper limbs of one-month duration. The patient had weakness and wasting of small muscles of both hands with weak grip. Sensory system revealed graded sensory loss to pain, temperature and touch in C5 to T1 distribution and vibration and ...

Computed tomographic (CT) examination of the trachea was performed in 10 German shepherd dogs to determine the normal value of some tracheal measurements under general anesthesia and in sternal recumbence position. Measurements obtained from nine segments were evaluated in four groups as the cranial cervical, caudal cervical, thoracic inlet and ...

OBJECT: Identifying instability of the cervical spine can be difficult in traumatically injured patients. The goal of this study was to determine whether cervical abnormalities demonstrated on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are predictive of spinal instability. METHODS: Data in all patients admitted through the Level I trauma service at the ...

Primary salivary adenocarcinoma of the head and neck is rare. In cases where cervical metastases are evident or suspected, neck dissection is likely to play a role in management. However, there is little data in the literature regarding the findings and outcome of neck dissection in these patients. The present ...

Tracheal stenosis is defined as cicatricial narrowing of the endotracheal lumen. Endotracheal manipulation remains to be the most common etiology followed by inflammatory and collagen vascular diseases. Predisposing factors include host systemic conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux and tube characteristics mainly the size and composition of the tube. The clinical ...

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Granuloma formation has been reported as a rare complication of pencil lead injury. Insufficient data exist regarding pencil lead injuries of the cervical spine. We present the findings in an 18-year-old male patient with secondary granuloma formation after a penetrating transoral pencil injury. We suggest that imaging ...

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is uncommon at the C3-4 level. Fourteen patients with C3-4 CSM were treated over a period of 3 years. The radiological factors contributing to CSM at the C3-4 level were studied. These factors included the assessment of static and dynamic canal diameters, retrolisthesis, posterior osteophytes and ...

BACKGROUND: Screening methods for detecting cervical spine injury in obtunded ventilated patients continue to evolve. This study compared the use of plain radiography to computed tomographic (CT) scanning of cervical spines in the obtunded blunt trauma patient. The accuracy of plain radiography and CT scanning in detecting clinically significant cervical ...

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study over a 3.5-year period involving transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance imaging. OBJECTIVES: To assess the correlation of transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance imaging in cervical spondylotic myelopathy qualitatively and statistically. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy presents with different degrees of cord ...

Cervical spondylomyelopathy or "wobbler syndrome" is a well-defined disorder of large-breed dogs, characterized by a compressive lesion affecting the cervical spinal cord that in many dogs may have a dynamic component. Determination of whether this dynamic component is present is important in the decision-making process as regards therapeutic intervention. Despite ...

The aim of this study was to obtain (1)H MR spectra using magic angle spinning (MAS) techniques from punch biopsies (<20 mg) of preinvasive and invasive cervical disease and to correlate the spectral profiles with sample classification on the basis of histopathology. Tissue samples were obtained at colposcopic examination, during ...

PURPOSE: Although conventional sonography is used widely for evaluation of the gastroesophageal junction, its use in the cervical esophagus is still limited. The aim of this study was to assess the use of sonography to demonstrate this portion of the esophagus. METHODS: The cervical esophagi in 60 cadavers and 435 ...

BACKGROUND: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of complex cervical spine disorders may underestimate the magnitude of structural disease because imaging is performed in a nondynamic non-weight-bearing manner. Myelography provides additional information but requires an invasive procedure. METHODS: This was a prospective review of the first 20 upright weight-bearing cervical MRI ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare conventional radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of chronic changes in the spine of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS: Assessment of chronic lesions in conventional x rays and T1 weighted MRI turbo spin echo sequences was performed with the established x ray scores BASRI ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of various neutral-position magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings in the diagnosis of Hirayama flexion myelopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The neutral-position cervical MR images of 46 patients and 51 control subjects were evaluated for the following findings: localized lower cervical cord atrophy, asymmetric cord ...

The follow-up of a patient with recurrent cervical carcinoma treated with intracavitary radiotherapy and brachytherapy is reported. The role of CT and MRI was analyzed. MRI is considered the procedure of choice in follow-up. In the future, total body PET will probably play a major role in the detection of ...

Non-traumatic atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation is an uncommon entity, with inconsistent presentations. It is also known as Grisel's syndrome (GS), and most commonly follows infectious processes of the upper respiratory tract. A case is described of a non-traumatic rotatory atlantoaxial dislocation in a three-year-old boy. The patient presented with acute torticollis ...

STUDY DESIGN: Cadaveric human cervical spine anatomic study using posterior lateral mass screw-rod instrumentation to assess foraminal enlargement via distraction techniques. OBJECTIVES: To determine the role of posterior cervical distraction on foraminal dimensions and to ascertain the impact of this technique on segmental kyphosis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Management of ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe a unique congenital müllerian anomaly. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: A university-based reproductive endocrine center. PATIENT(S): Five reproductive-age, nulligravida patients who underwent clinical, radiologic, and surgical work-up. INTERVENTION(S): Retrospective review of prior medical records and studies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Definition of abnormal pelvic anatomy. RESULT(S): Five patients from ...

Cervical carcinoma is the third most common gynaecologic malignancy and is typically seen in younger women, often with serious consequences. The International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system provides worldwide epidemiologic and treatment response statistics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), although not included officially in that system, plays an ...

The central nervous system is involved in 10-20% of cases in Lyme disease. The neurological symptoms, time course of the disease and imaging findings are multifaceted. We report two patients with cervical radiculitis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed strong enhancement of the cervical nerve roots on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. These imaging ...

Assessing degenerative disease in the cervical spine remains a challenge. There is much controversy about imaging the cervical spine using MRI. Our aim in this prospective study was to compare a T2*-weighted 2D spoiled gradient-echo multiecho sequence (MEDIC) with a magnetisation transfer saturation pulse with cervical myelography and postmyelographic CT. ...

STUDY DESIGN: Report of an 11-year-old girl with a left atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation and ankylosis found 20 months after she sustained a cervical injury. OBJECTIVE: To describe the radiographic characteristics of this rare deformity assessed with a combination of spiral CT scan with multiplanar three-dimensional reformations and functional CT scan. ...

Fortunately, serious injuries to the cervical spine in athletes are rare. Most injuries are self-limited and related to sprains and strains. Although radiographs may be used to screen for fractures, potentially serious soft-tissue injuries require additional diagnostic techniques. In these cases, advanced imaging with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging ...

MRI in patients with cervical myelopathy or radiculopathy usually includes T(1) weighted (T(1)W) and T(2) weighted (T(2)W) images. We prospectively examined a hypothesis that T(2)W alone is sufficient to diagnose the cause of cervical myelopathy and radiculopathy and that the T(1)W sagittal images do not provide additional useful information. 30 ...

The authors report on two patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis in whom cervical myelopathy was caused by calcification related to the cervical dural sac. The lesions were demonstrated on plain computerized tomography (CT) scans as dotted curvilinear bands outlining the dural sacs in almost the whole of their cervical spines. During ...

STUDY DESIGN: A case report and review of previous literature are presented. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this manuscript was to report a case of cervical myelopathy due to anomalous laminae of the axis in a patient with spina bifida. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: In previous studies, few cases of invaginated ...

PURPOSE: To determine regional variations in the thickness of human cervical spine endplates with high spatial resolution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six explanted human cadaveric spine specimens underwent computed tomography (CT) scanning. Measurement of endplate thickness was done fully automatically at every point of the endplate using a computer program written ...

The purpose of the study was to investigate possible variation of thickness of the cervical spine endplate with respect to endplate orientation (superior or inferior endplate) and level distribution (C4-C7). Six human cervical spine segments C4-C7 were used to create six specimen of C4, C5, C6, and C7, respectively. The ...

As measured by the Cobb angle, normal sagittal kyphosis is 20 degrees to 40 degrees, which encompasses most of the angulated consecutive vertebrae in the thoracic region of the spine. With pathologic kyphosis, however, the segmental analysis of different regions of the thoracic spine plays an important role. Methods of ...

PURPOSE: To introduce a novel technique for magnetic resonance (MR)-based 3-dimensional planned high-dose rate intracervical brachytherapy (BT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: During 2002, 16 patients received external beam radiotherapy and BT as part of radiochemotherapy for cervical cancer. A special adjustable applicator device was designed and used for BT. The isodose ...

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign proliferative disorder primarily occurring in the large joints of the appendicular skeleton such as the knee and hip joints. We present an unusual case of PVNS involving the cervical spine in an adult. MR imaging showed an enhancing mass lesion arising from the ...

We describe a 43-year-old woman with grade 1 chondrosarcoma of the cervical spine who developed neuropathic arthropathy. Plain radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine revealed a so-called dumbbell tumor. We suggest that this tumor was responsible for the development of neuropathic arthropathy in bilateral hip ...

We describe a case of Takayasu's arteritis discovered during the early stage (pre-pulseless stage). Cervical ultrasonography and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images obtained by computed tomography (CT) showed thickening and stenosis of the walls of the common carotid arteries. However, magnetic resonance arteriography (MRA), volume rendering (VR) imaging CT, and maximum ...

The aim of the study was to determine the value of CT in the evaluation of cervical spine trauma in children under 5 years in the Emergency Department. A retrospective review of 606 patients undergoing cervical spine examination in the emergency room was undertaken. The age and sex of the ...

Weight-bearing magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the spine can either be simulated by imaging the patient in the supine position in combination with a special axial loading device or be achieved by using vertically open-configuration MR systems, which allow for in vivo MR images of the spine under upright weight-bearing ...

Intramedullary cavernous angiomas are extremely rare. We retrospectively reviewed two cases in a 24-year-old man and 40-year-old woman. T2-weighted magnetic resonance images showed the cavernoma at the cervical and lower thoracic spine, respectively. The patient with cervical involvement also had an asymptomatic cavernoma in the cerebellum. In both patients, the ...

We report a case of cervical dystonia mimicking dropped-head syndrome (DHS) in a 57-year-old man treated for laryngeal carcinoma by radiotherapy (74.4 Gy) 3 months before. Cervical computerized tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not find any muscle fat changes but found a high-intensity signal on T2 weighted ...