BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Brown-Sèquard syndrome is most commonly seen with spinal trauma and extramedullary spinal neoplasm. A herniated cervical disc has rarely been considered to be a cause of Brown-Sèquard syndrome. PURPOSE: To report and discuss two cases of Brown-Sèquard syndrome produced by herniated cervical disc. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Case studies in ...

MRM is a useful imaging technique that can be incorporated into routine spine MR imaging protocols without a significant increase in imaging time or patient discomfort. When combined with high quality, sequential (no inter-slice gap), axial images of the spine, the authors have found that it decreases the surgeon's need ...

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the tubule occluding ability of three commercial available dentifrices (Sensodyne, Emoform and Sorriso) by Scanning Electron Microscopy. METHODS: Fifty cervical areas from buccal and lingual surfaces of sound third human molars were used. Cervical enamel was wet abraded to expose flat ...

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: In equine patients, the cause of clinical signs possibly related to the cervical region is often difficult to diagnose. Ultrasonography allows quick and noninvasive visualisation, but reference material of the normal equine neck is needed. OBJECTIVES: To describe and document the normal ultrasonographic appearance of transverse ...

BACKGROUND: It is currently recommended that helmet and shoulder pads remain in place during the initial clinical and radiographic evaluation of the helmeted athlete with a potential cervical spine injury. The objective of this prospectively designed, single-subject study was to determine whether MRI may play a role in the initial ...

A 33-yr-old man presented with a 4-yr history of neck pain. Previous work-ups, including planar radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging, were determined as "normal" by six previous consultants. In a subsequent in-office evaluation by a physiatrist, a vertebral osteoid osteoma or carotid artery angiitis was clinically suspected. A bone scan ...

Computed tomography has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment planning of the acutely injured spine. In the cervical spine, its appropriate use can improve outcome and save money. Although there are no clinical prediction rules validated outside of the cervical spine, these proven capabilities have been extrapolated to the thoracolumbar spine.

The entire life cycle of the Brazilian Echinostoma luisreyi n. sp., of the 37-collar spine E. revolutum group, has been observed under experimental conditions. The snail Physa marmorata serves as its first natural intermediate host. This species and the planorbid Biomplalaria glabrata act as experimental second intermediate hosts. The worm ...

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study of cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of nonvisualization of the cervical spinal ligaments in patients who have not suffered acute spinal trauma. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The cervical ligaments appear on magnetic resonance studies as a thin hypointense line, the "black ...

STUDY DESIGN: Isolated tubercular involvement of craniovertebral junction in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient causing paraplegia and sudden death with radiologic features is presented. OBJECTIVES: Isolated involvement of craniovertebral junction by tuberculosis causing quadriparesis is a rare entity. The role of imaging features is presented in diagnosis of craniovertebral junction ...

This article provides an essential curriculum in cervical spine radiology. It discusses the uses of plain radiographs, MR imaging, computed tomography (CT), and CT myelography, in addition to the methodologies of discography, epidural injections under visualization, and facet and nerve root injections. It explains how radiographic images of the cervical ...

The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the accuracy of MR myelography for the demonstration of foraminal nerve root impingement in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. 40 patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were imaged with conventional MRI and with MR myelography. The diagnostic accuracy of these imaging strategies for the ...

Magnetic resonance is an excellent modality for imaging the pediatric spine. Its successful use requires understanding both the basic physics and the sedation protocols necessary for acquiring high-resolution images. Interpreting the images accurately depends on appreciating the differences between the normal anatomy of the pediatric and the adult spine. Evaluating ...

Phantom and in vitro studies were performed to evaluate the potential application of digital circular tomosynthesis in imaging of the breast and upper cervical spine. A prototype volumetric x-ray system was used to image a mammographic phantom, a fresh mastectomy specimen, and a head phantom containing the upper cervical spine. ...

BACKGROUND: A lateral scout view of the head is always obtained when performing head computed tomography (CT). It is common knowledge that viewing the lateral scout view may provide additional information. For a variety of reasons, however, a careful review may not be performed routinely. OBJECTIVE: To illustrate the value ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the MR features of non-sacral, non-clival chordoma and to describe a MR prototype of the lesion. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We reviewed the MR findings of 10 patients with a histologically proven chordoma (6 cervical spine, 1 thoracic spine, 3 lumbar spine). There were three female and seven ...

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Either licensed American chiropractors or traditional Chinese herbalists may produce vertiginous attack in a patient after cervical manipulation. The purpose of the study was to present our experience in treating these patients to determine the risk of this procedure. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study from May 1999 to April ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several studies have been undertaken to validate quantitative methods of evaluating cervical spinal stenosis. This study was performed to assess the degree of interobserver and intraobserver agreement in the qualitative evaluation of cervical spinal stenosis on CT myelograms and MR images. METHODS: Cervical MR images and CT ...

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is useful not only for preoperative staging of gynecologic malignancies but also for prediction of the histopathologic features of a variety of intrapelvic tumors. Familiarity with the specific imaging findings that have been reported for the uterine cervix is a goal of radiologists. The typical MR ...

Although soft tissue calcifications are well known to occur as a late manifestation in scleroderma, symptomatic paraspinal calcinosis is very rare. Clinically, patients present with focal neck pain, weakness or radiculopathy, and decreased range of motion of the neck. We describe the imaging features of a rare case of cervical ...

The connective tissue attachments to the cervical spinal dura mater originating from the ligamentum nuchae (LN) and rectus capitis posterior minor (RCPM) muscle were evaluated in 30 cadaveric spines. Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were correlated with the attachments in four cadaveric specimens. Attachments from the LN to the RCPM were ...

Atlantooccipital dislocation (AOD) injuries are highly unstable, and usually result in significant neurological injury and death. Recently the postinjury survival period has increased. In a review of the literature the authors found 41 cases in which survival was greater than 48 hours. This is likely due to improved on-scene resuscitation, ...

A 46-year-old woman with multiple myeloma presented with neurological symptoms in the right upper extremity. After MR imaging of the cervical spine failed to show the cause of her symptoms, Ga-67 scintigraphy demonstrated increased uptake in multiple areas including the right supraclavicular region and bilateral lower extremities. Histology of the ...

Multidetector-row computed tomography (CT) offers important advantages over conventional imaging modalities in the evaluation of the post-trauma cervical spine. It allows for faster scanning times, critical for triaging post-trauma patients as well as for eliminating motion artifacts, and allows for thinner collimation and the ability to achieve an isotropic data ...

Wegener granulomatosis is a multisystemic disorder characterized by necrotizing vasculitis that primarily involves the respiratory tract. The orbits, heart, skin, joints, and nervous system are frequently involved. We describe the MR imaging findings of Wegener granulomatosis in the cervical spine and correlate them with the histopathologic features. MR imaging showed ...

OBJECTIVE: Concern about cerebrovascular accidents after cervical manipulation is common. We report a case of cerebrovascular infarction without sequelae. CLINICAL FEATURES: A 39-year-old man with nonspecific neck pain was treated by his general practitioner with cervical manipulation. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: This immediately elicited severe headache and neurologic symptoms that disappeared ...

Our main goal was to assess the coexistence of narrowed cervical foramens and cervical canal stenosis in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). We took magnetic resonance (MR) images of 120 wrists and 480 foramens in 60 age and sex matched subjects (30 patients with CTS and 30 controls). All ...

Syphilis is well known as a great mimic, however it is not recognized as a cause of cervical lymphadenopathy. We report a case of a 21-year-old man who presented with marked unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. He had no evidence of oropharyngeal chancres, skin or genital lesions. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic ...

The authors evaluated the reducibility of cervical disk herniation at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed with the patient in cervical traction. After the acquisition of neutral-state images, cervical traction images were obtained in 29 patients and seven healthy volunteers while they wore a portable intermittent traction device. During traction, all ...

BACKGROUND: Preparation for surgery for thoracic intraspinal lesions commonly involves rather difficult X-ray procedures in the operating room. The object of this report is to inform neurosurgeons about a modified technique for preoperative surface localization of intraspinal thoracic pathology. METHODS: Adhesive, disposable radiographic skin markers placed at the presumed level ...

Treatment with unilateral left globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation is reported in a patient with severe delayed onset post-traumatic cervical dystonia. He had sustained severe head trauma at the age of 17 and had developed a mild right hemiparesis. Three years after the head injury, cervical dystonia with ...

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the prototype of the spondyloarthritides (SpA), is a disease subset but also a possible outcome of the SpA. Early diagnosis of sacroiliitis, the most frequent clinical symptom often accompanied by inflammatory back pain, and other inflammatory lesions of the spine such as spondylitis and spondylodiscitis, can be ...

A short cut review was carried out to establish whether CT scans of the upper cervical spine are necessary in trauma patients with altered mental status and normal plain radiographs. A total of 572 papers were found using the reported search, of which six presented the best evidence to answer ...

We have manufactured a trial videoendoscope for the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus in cooperation with Asahi Optical Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. In this paper we report on the clinical trial of this new and useful videoendoscope. The videoendoscope has small charge-coupled device (CCD) chip built into the tip of this ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the significance of mandibular bone invasion by gingival carcinoma revealed by reformatted dental CT images as a prognostic indicator of cervical metastasis. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower gingiva were examined by dental CT. Cervical metastases and survival rates of these patients were ...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The diagnosis and treatment of multilevel cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is continuing to evolve as its effects become more readily recognized and surgical alternatives expand. PURPOSE: To review the clinical, neurodiagnostic and surgical management of OPLL. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Patients with early OPLL, often in ...

The authors based on their own experiences and literature discussed the value of the CT and MRI in diagnosis of spondylolisthesis. Such methods give much more information about spine canal and the neighbor structures, which is very informative as far as surgical treatment is concerned. We believe that closed cooperation ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the value of flexion and extension MR in traumatized cervical spines following rear low-impact acceleration-deceleration injury. The cervical spines of 100 consecutive uninjured normal asymptomatic adults and 100 adult accident victims following rear low-impact motor vehicle accidents were evaluated using rapid T2-weighted ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the need for conventional radiographs of the thoracic spine for routine clearance of trauma patients in whom chest CT has revealed no spinal trauma. The study was in the form of a retrospective review of trauma patients over the previous five years ...

We report clinical and imaging findings in six cases from five families affected by the form of congenital muscular dystrophy with rigid spine linked to the locus rigid spine muscular dystrophy 1 on chromosome 1p35-36. All cases showed rigidity of the spine, predominant neck and trunk weakness and frequent and ...

Fluorescence spectroscopy has shown promise for the in vivo, real-time detection of cervical neoplasia. However, selection of excitation wavelength has in the past been based on in vitro studies and the availability of light sources. The goal of this study was to determine optimal excitation wavelengths for in vivo detection ...

We report two cases of epidermal nevus syndrome (ENS) involving the spine. MR imaging of the spine demonstrated intraspinal lipomas in both cases. Abnormal, enhancing, enlarged cervical and lumbosacral nerve roots were present in one patient. Spinal imaging for patients with ENS may help in the diagnosis of subtle intracranial ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the performance of adjunctive radiologic imaging in patients with cervical spine injury. METHODS: All patients undergoing cervical spine radiography were prospectively enrolled at 16 diverse emergency departments. We recorded the imaging modalities and radiographic interpretations rendered by unblinded faculty radiologists at ...

OBJECTIVE: Our study was intended to establish a technique to assess the level of the roots of the brachial plexus using high-resolution sonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The skeleton of a cervical spine was examined in vitro to determine whether the vertebrae may be identified individually on sonography by means of ...

An image analysis method was developed for spatial normalization of spine magnetic resonance images. A deformable shape model of the spine is first constructed, and it is subsequently used by an automated algorithm to find a shape transformation that places patient data into a stereotactic space. Very good agreement with ...

A case report. To report a case of cervical amyotrophy caused by hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament (HPLL). Department of Neurological Surgery, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan. The patient had severe muscular atrophy in the deltoid and triceps with slight localized hypesthesia in the C5 area and severely unstable ...

Cross-sectional imaging with CT and MR imaging plays a crucial role in the evaluation of cancers of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. Clinical examination, including endoscopy, often fails to detect the full extent of this tumor as it has high propensity to grow in submucosal fashion. Detailed description of the ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: High-resolution magnetic resonance (HR-MR) images of human cervical tissue samples were correlated with low magnification histology to investigate the MR presentation of normal and pathologic anatomic structures in cervical tissue samples at 3T. METHODS: Tissue samples were obtained from five large loop excision of the transformation zone ...

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study of 13 patients with cervical kyphosis. The authors propose new methods of measuring spinal cord compression and predicting the progression of kyphosis. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain predictive factors for progression of cervical kyphosis and myelopathy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Cervical kyphosis may be congenital, result from ...

We review the literature pertaining to the strengths and limitation of myelography, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relative to developing a diagnostic algorithm in the evaluation of cervical radiculopathy. To obtain the relevant literature, a Medline search was conducted using selected keywords and phrases. In addition, the ...